Proposal_Presentation.ppt
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Transcript Proposal_Presentation.ppt
ECE 480 Design Team 6
Lightweight Speed and
Distance Sensor for Skiers
and Snowboarders
Michael Bekkala
Michael Blair
Michael Carpenter
Matthew Guibord
Abhinav Parvataneni
Facilitator: Dr. Shanker Balasubramaniam
Agenda
Background
Objective
Design Specifications
Potential Solutions
Proposed Solution
Conceptual flowchart and Hardware
Goal of Competitive Sports
1)
2)
3)
Win
Perform better than the competition
Improve performance
• Requires tracking of statistics
Jump Higher
Run Faster
Hit Harder
Bicycle Speedometer
Sensor mounts to wheel and frame
Counts time between
wheel sensor passing
frame sensor
Calculates wheel speed
Forward speed is
proportional to rotation of wheel
Nike Plus (Nike+)
Sensor placed in shoe
Determines how long pressure is
applied to the foot
The time that pressure is
applied is directly
proportional to the
runner’s speed
Objective
Design a speed and distance sensor for skiing
and snowboarding
Current Products:
• Expensive
• Inaccurate
• Inconvenient
Objective:
• Greater accuracy
• Lower cost
• Improve functionality
Design Specifications
Safety
• Disable display while moving
Functionality
• User definable auto shutdown time
• PC interface for data review
• Ease of use in winter apparel
Packaging
•
•
•
•
Operate at subzero temperature (-10°F)
Shock resistant
Waterproof
Weigh less than 2 lbs
Cost - less than $500
Potential Solutions
1)
2)
3)
4)
Relative Positioning
Inertial Navigation System (INS)
Global Positioning System (GPS)
Integration of INS and GPS
1. Relative Positioning
Transmitter locally placed
• Sends out signal to receiver
• More transmitters = Better accuracy
Receiver gets signal from
transmitter
• Calculates distance from
transmitter
• Derivative of distance = Speed
1. Relative Positioning
Advantages:
• Accurate
• Reliable
• Independent of external systems
Disadvantages:
• Complex
• Requires a locally placed transmitter
• Relative position vs. absolute position
2. Inertial Navigation System
3 Accelerometers
• Measure Linear Acceleration
• X, Y, Z Directions
• Integrate to get speed and distance
3 Gyroscopes
• Measure Angular Velocity
• Pitch, Roll, Yaw
• Integrate to get angular
position
Coordinate conversion
• Body Frame to ECEF
2. Inertial Navigation System
Advantages:
• Very accurate for short periods of time
• Updates faster than GPS
Disadvantages:
• Requires at least 6 sensors
• Susceptible to bias drifts
• Error increases over time (t^2)
• Requires initial condition
3. Global Positioning System
Receives time data from satellites
• Requires very accurate timing
• Atomic clocks on board satellites
Triangulates position
• Uses distance from
satellites
• Fourth satellite
used for error
correction
3. Global Positioning System
Advantages:
• Inexpensive
• Low Power
• Gives absolute position
• Reliable over long periods
of time
Disadvantages:
• Low accuracy for moving targets
4. Integration of GPS and INS
Proposed Design
Combines both systems into one
Takes advantage of each system
• Short term accuracy of INS
• Long term reliability of GPS
GPS keeps INS errors in check
Use Kalman filter to improve
accuracy of integrated system
4. Integration of INS and GPS
Advantages:
• Most accurate
• Takes advantage of each system
• Gives absolute position
Disadvantages:
• More complex
• Requires heavy computation
• Requires more hardware
Conceptual Design
Hardware Components
Ardupilot Sensor Board - Six Degrees of Freedom
• Three axis accelerometer (x,y,z)
• One axis gyroscope (roll)
Gyro Breakout Board - LPY5150AL Dual 1500°/s
• Dual axis gyroscope
• Senses pitch and yaw
Hardware Components
Venus GPS with SMA Connector
•Up to 10Hz refresh rate
•28mA operating current
•Accuracy is <2.5m
Quadrifilar V Omnidirectional Passive GPS Antenna
•Passive Antenna
•-5dB Gain