Transcript Integumentary System PPT.pptx

3
Membranes and the
Integumentary System
Lesson 3.1: Body Membranes
Lesson 3.2: The Integumentary System
Lesson 3.3: Injuries and Disorders of
the Skin
Chapter 3: Membranes and the Integumentary System
LESSON 3.1
Body Membranes
BODY MEMBRANES

epithelial membranes
 mucous
membranes
 serous membranes
 cutaneous membranes

connective tissue membranes
 synovial
membranes
EPITHELIAL MEMBRANES

mucous membranes
 line

serous membranes
 line

cavities open to the environment
cavities not open to environment
cutaneous membranes
 form
what we know as skin
MUCOUS MEMBRANES AND SEROUS
MEMBRANES
CONNECTIVE TISSUE MEMBRANES

synovial membrane
 capsule
around synovial joint
 tendon sheath
 synovial fluid
REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT
Match these words with 1–4 below: synovial,
mucous, cutaneous, serous.
1. line cavities open to the environment
2. line cavities not open to the environment
3. tendon sheath
4. form skin
Chapter 3: Membranes and the Integumentary System
LESSON 3.2
The Integumentary
System
THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
functions of the integumentary system
 anatomy of the skin
 appendages of the skin

FUNCTIONS OF THE INTEGUMENTARY
SYSTEM
ANATOMY OF THE SKIN
epidermis
 dermis
 hypodermis

LAYERS OF THE EPIDERMIS
Sweat pore
Shedding keratinocytes
Dead keratinocytes
Living keratinocytes
Dendritic cell
Stem cell
Sweat duct
Melanocyte
Dermal papilla
Dermis
Tactile nerve fiber
Dermal blood vessel
REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT
True or False?
1. The dermis is the superficial layer of the skin.
2. The skin helps regulate body temperature.
3. The epidermis has three layers.
4. The hypodermis is above the dermis.
5. The skin protects against UV radiation.
EPIDERMAL CELLS

keratinocytes
 produce

epidermal dendritic cells
 ward

keratin, form layers of epidermis
off infections
Merkel cells
 touch
receptors
DERMIS
dense, fibrous connective tissue
 papillary layer

 forms

fingerprints
reticular layer
HYPODERMIS
fibrous connective tissue
 adipose tissue

 padding
 insulation
 energy
storage
APPENDAGES OF THE SKIN

sudoriferous (sweat) glands
 eccrine
 apocrine
sebaceous glands
 hair
 nails

REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT
Fill in the blanks with: hypodermis,
keratinocytes, sweat, or papillary.
1. Eccrine is a type of _______________ gland.
2. _______________ produce keratin.
3. Adipose tissue is found in the
_______________.
4. The _______________ of the dermis forms
fingerprints.
Chapter 3: Membranes and the Integumentary System
LESSON 3.3
Injuries and Disorders
of the Skin
INJURIES AND DISORDERS OF THE SKIN
injuries of the skin
 infections of the skin and membranes
 inflammatory conditions of the skin and
membranes
 cancers of the skin

INJURIES OF THE SKIN

decubitus ulcers
 bedsores
 caused

by restricted blood supply
burns
 first-,
second- or third-degree
 caused by heat, chemicals, electricity or UV
radiation
 rule of nines
Suzanne Tucker/Shutterstock.com, JTeffects/Shutterstock.com, Naiyyer/Shutterstock.com
THE RULE OF NINES

The rule of nines recognizes the fact that the
adult body is fairly evenly divided by nine:








9% for whole head
9% for left arm
9% for right arm
18% for anterior torso (chest/stomach)
18% for posterior torso (back)
18% for left leg
18% for right leg
(If you are observant enough to notice this only adds
up to 99%, you are smart enough to figure out where
the other 1% is located!)
BURN SIZE: THE RULE OF NINES

Another (perhaps easier) way to think of this:
 9%
for whole head
 9% for left arm
 9% for right arm
 9% for abdomen
 9% for anterior thorax (chest)
 9% for posterior thorax (upper back)
 9% for posterior abdomen (lower back)
 9% for anterior right leg
 9% for anterior left leg
 9% for posterior right leg
 9% for posterior left leg
BURN SIZE: THE RULE OF NINES
A
third method recognizes the fact that the
patient’s closed hand is equal to
approximately 1% of their body surface
area
 Small burns, or the unburned area of
patients with nearly 100% burns, may be
measured in this way
DETERMINING BURN
SEVERITY: DEPTH

Human skin has two major layers followed by fat, fascia and
muscle
 The epidermis layer of the skin consists of dry, mostly dead,
mostly insensitive skin. It is the ‘top’ and outside layer.
Burns to the epidermis are generally 1st degree, or partial
thickness, and are not considered clinically significant.
Sunburns fall into this category
 The dermis lies beneath the epidermis, is wet, has blood
flow, and contains hair follicles and sweat glands. It also
houses sensory nerves. Burns to the dermis are 2nd degree,
or partial thickness and generally require medical attention
 The subcutaneous layer lies beneath the dermis. It
consists of a thin layer of fat, fascia and then muscle.
Subcutaneous burns are 3rd degree, or full thickness, and
always require medical attention
INFECTIONS OF THE SKIN AND MEMBRANES

viral infections
 herpes
varicella
 herpes zoster
 herpes simplex virus
type 1 or type 2
 human
papillomavirus
 warts
Maksym Bondarchuk/Shutterstock.com
INFECTIONS OF THE SKIN AND MEMBRANES

fungal infections
 athlete’s
foot
 jock
itch
 ringworm
 toenail fungus

bacterial infections
 impetigo
 cellulitis
INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS OF THE SKIN
AND MEMBRANES

pleurisy
 makes
smooth
surface of pleura
rough

peritonitis
 infection
of
peritoneum

psoriasis
 involves
irritation
redness and
Kenxro/Shutterstock.com
CANCERS OF THE SKIN
basal cell carcinoma
 squamous cell
carcinoma
 malignant melanoma

 ABCD
rule
Librakv/Shutterstock.com
ABCD RULE
REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT
True or False?
1. Herpes zoster causes decubitus ulcers.
2. Peritonitis is an infection of the skin.
3. Impetigo is caused by a fungus.
4. Warts are caused by a virus.
5. Ringworm is caused by a fungus.