Transcript I) 1. Carbon and Nitrogen Cycle Discussion Notes.ppt

Today’s Objective:
• I can describe the flow of matter in an
ecosystem through the carbon and nitrogen
cycles.
• I will demonstrate this by participating in class
discussion and drawing and labeling the cycles
in my journal.
• With chains, webs, and pyramids, it shows how energy moves
through an ecosystem.
• Every day energy is replenished by the sun.
• But MATTER (anything that has mass and occupies space)
is cycled and is not replenished like energy.
• There is a finite (or measurable) amount of matter on Earth.
• The atoms of carbon, nitrogen, and other elements that
make up the bodies of organisms alive today are the
same atoms that have been on Earth since life began.
CARBON is a piece of matter that cycles through our
environment.
It is never lost or gained…..it just cycles through over
and over.
Where is Carbon found?
METHANE
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBOHYDRATES
Carbon in the
Atmosphere
Wood and fossil fuels
burn and put Carbon
into the air.
Volcanoes release
carbon into the air
ABIOTIC TO ABIOTIC
Cellular Respiration:
When organisms exhale,
carbon is released into
the atmosphere as CO2.
BIOTIC TO ABIOTIC
1.
2.
3.
4.
Combustion/Burning
Exhaling
Volcanoes
Decomposers
As decomposers break
down dead plant and animal
material, some carbon is
released into the air.
BIOTIC TO ABIOTIC
Carbon in the
Atmosphere
5 minutes
1.
2.
3.
4.
Combustion/Burning
Exhaling
Volcanoes
Decomposers
Carbon
Entering Biotic
Factors
Photosynthesis:
Carbon from the air
enters autotrophs.
ABIOTIC TO BIOTIC
Higher-level consumers
ingest carbon when they
feed on other heterotrophs
BIOTIC TO BIOTIC
Consumption:
Primary consumers
ingest carbon when they
feed on autotrophs.
BIOTIC TO BIOTIC
1.
2.
Photosynthesis
Consumption
1.
Decomposition
When plants and
animals die,
decomposers break
them down and put
some of the carbon
into the soil.
Carbon
Entering Soil
4 minutes
When plants and
animals die,
decomposers break
them down and put
some of the carbon
into the soil.
Carbon
Entering Biotic
Factors
1.
2.
Photosynthesis
Consumption
Ways that Carbon enters the
atmosphere….
FROM ABIOTIC FACTORS
1. Combustion/Burning of Fossil Fuels
2. Open Burning
FROM BIOTIC FACTORS
1. Respiration / Breathing Out
Ways that Carbon enters
BIOTIC FACTORS….
1. Photosynthesis
2. Consumption
How Carbon enters
SOIL
1. Death and Decomposition
NITROGEN is atom that cycles through our
environment.
It is never lost or gained…..it just cycles through over
and over.
Where is Nitrogen found?
78% of the air on Earth
Proteins
Nitrogen
in Air
Combustion/Burning of
fossil fuels puts Nitrogen
in the atmosphere.
1.
2.
Combustion/Burning
Denitrification
(bacteria releasing N
into the air)
Bacteria in the soil will break
down compounds in the soiluse the oxygen, but release
nitrogen into the air.
BIOTIC TO ABIOTIC
Nitrogen
in Air
1.
2.
Combustion/Burning
Denitrification
(bacteria releasing N
into the air)
3 minutes
Nitrogen
is in Air
Fixation:consumers
Higher-level Nitrogen
consumers
Primary
ingest nitrogen when
ingest nitrogen when
Nitrogen cannot be
they eat other
they eat from
directly absorbed into
heterotrophs.
autotrophs
plants from the air, but
plants NEED nitrogen.
Nitrogen from the
atmosphere is absorbed
into bacteria in the soil
and CONVERTED
(or FIXED) into a form
that plant roots can
absorb and use.
ABIOTIC TO BIOTIC
1.
Nitrogen Fixation
(Bacteria converting N
from the air so that
plants can use it)
2.
Consumption
Nitrogen
is in Air
3 minutes
1.
Nitrogen Fixation
(Bacteria converting N
from the air so that
plants can use it)
2.
Consumption
Nitrogen
is in Air
1.
Nitrogen found in
ammonia is absorbed
into the soil during
urination.
Urination
Nitrogen
in Air
1.
2.
3.
4.
As decomposers break
down plants and animals,
nitrogen is recycled into the
soil.
Urination
Decomposition
Absorption
Acid Rain
Nitrogen
in Air
1.
2.
3.
4.
3 minutes
Urination
Decomposition
Absorption
Acid Rain
Ways that Nitrogen enters the
atmosphere….
FROM ABIOTIC FACTORS
1. Combustion/Burning of Fossil Fuels
FROM BIOTIC FACTORS
1. From Bacteria in the Soil
(Denitrification)
This occurs when bacteria living in the soil aren’t
getting enough oxygen, so they break down
compounds in the soil- use up the oxygen, and
disperse any Nitrogen from the compound into
the atmosphere as a waste product.
Ways that Nitrogen enters
BIOTIC FACTORS….
1. Nitrogen Fixation
Plants cannot use
the nitrogen in the
air, so bacteria in
the soil have to
absorb it and then
CONVERT it to
ammonia and
nitrates so plants
can use it.
Lightening striking
the ground also
does this for
plants.
2. Consumption
How Nitrogen enters
SOIL
1. Death and Decomposition
3. Absorption
2. Urine
4. Acid Rain