Transcript Conservation Powerpoint

Human Impact on an Ecosystem 2
Conservation in Fishing
Conservation
• Have you seen one of
these recently? What
does the phrase "dead
as a dodo" mean?
• It is a Dodo and has
been extinct since
1681.
• How did it happen?
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What was the dodo bird like?
• The dodo was a flightless bird that lived in
the Indian Ocean island of Mauritius.
• Related to pigeons and doves, it stood about
a meter tall, about 20 kgs.
• Lived on fruit and nesting on the ground.
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What happened to the dodo?
• In 1598 Portuguese and Dutch sailors were
the first people to live on the island of
Mauritius.
• With them they brought pigs, dogs, rats and
even monkeys.
• They killed dodos for food and by 1681 (83
years later) they were extinct.
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The dodo as the universally symbol
of an extinct species
The dodo is commonly used as the universally
understood symbol of an extinct species
because its extinction occurred during
recorded human history and was directly
attributable to human activity.
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What is Conservation?
Conservation is the wise management of our
environment to ensure the survival of
organisms & their habitats.
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Benefits of Conservation
1. Existing environments are maintained
2. Endangered species are preserved for
reproduction
3. The balance of nature is maintained
4. Pollution and its effects are reduced
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One Conservation practice
from one of the following areas
Area
Conservation Practice
Mixed farming, Crop rotation
Agriculture
Biological controls, Gene banks
Fisheries
Fishing Net size, Quotas, Price of fish
Forestry
Re-planting, Broadleaf/conifer mix
There is a need for continual monitoring of
the environment to ensure its protection and
the wise management of its natural resources.
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Learning Check 1
1. Do you think any more species have become
extinct since the dodo?
2. Now that we are aware of the extinction of
species do you think it will ever happen
again?
3. Why?
4. What is conservation?
5. List some of the benefits of conservation
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Fisheries
Some of the Conservation practices from
fishing are:
1.Increasing Fishing Net size
2.Assigning Fish Quotas
3.Increase the real price of fish.
4. Re-stocking
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1. Fishing Net size
What is net mesh size?
This refers to how large or small the openings
or spaces enclosed by the threads of a net are.
• The use of small-mesh nets can result in too
many young fish being caught
• Using larger meshed nets to allow the young
to escape, mature and reproduce
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Different types of nets
1. Square mesh netting – does not alter its
shape under tension – allows young fish to
escape.
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2. Diamond mesh netting – closes under
tension and prevents young fish escaping.
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Learning check 2
1. What is net mesh size?
2. Name the two Different types of nets
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2. Fishing Quotas
Since 1983, the European Union has decided
how much fish can be caught in its seas and
oceans by each member state.
Explaining fishing quotas
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Then it is up to each national Government to
decide how to divided the quotas up for:
1. specific areas,
2. seasons,
3. fisheries or
4. organisations, e.g. producers'
organisations.
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Why have quotas?
Originally commercial fishing had no
restrictions, but in the twentieth century over
fishing of e.g. Atlantic cod and California
sardines has reduced fish stocks at sea.
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In response
1. Countries have began to limit access to
their fishing grounds by boats from other
countries, while
2. international organizations began to certify
that specific species were "threatened",
"endangered", etc.
Fish quotas (maximum amount allowed to be
caught) have been assigned to different
countries to ensure that enough fish are left to
replenish the stock.
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There are limits put in place in a wide range
of areas including the following:
1. Size of the fish you can keep
2. Total number or pounds you can keep
3. Total number of fish you can keep
4. Time period that it's legal to fish
5. Fishing methods
6. Fishing equipment
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Conservation and Fishing Quotas
1. Helps to prevent the extinction of a fish
species
2. Gradually increases fish stock and helps to
re-establish populations
3. Attempts to maintain fishing at highest
possible levels
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• BBC Fishing Quotas
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3. Increase the real price of fish
To provide fishermen with a decent living.
Profitability in the fishery industry has been
declining.
Costs have been increasing:
1. Rising diesel fuel prices
2. Costs for repairs and maintenance
Catches have declined and most operators have
faced stable or falling real prices of fish due to
increasing competition from other sources of fresh
and frozen wild caught and farmed product.
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Learning check 3
1. Explain the term Fishing Quotas
2. Why have quotas?
3. Give 3 advantages of Conservation and
Fishing Quotas.
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4. Re-stocking
What is the purpose of re-stocking?
Restock rivers & lakes to achieve a permanent
increase in the fish population.
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Conservation and Re-stocking
1. Re-stocking attempts to maintain the
balance in the ecosystem
2. Increases stocks for recreational fishing
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Give one Conservation practice from the
Fishing Industry
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