Transcript Colons and Semicolons mitzi.ppt

Colons and Semicolons
Colons
 Use
a colon to mean “note what follows.”
 Use a colon before a list of items,
especially after expressions like the
following and as follows.


Example: You will need to bring the following
equipment: a sleeping bag, a warm sweater,
and extra socks.
Additional supplies are as follows: a
toothbrush, toothpaste, and a pillow.
 Use
a colon before a long, formal
statement or a long quotation.

Ex. Horace Mann had this to say: “Do not
think of knocking out another person’s brains
because he differs in opinion from you. It
would be as rational to know yourself on the
head because you differ from yourself ten
years ago.”
 Use
a colon between independent clauses
when the second explains or restates the
first.

Ex. Thomas Jefferson had many talents: He
was a writer, a politician, and an inventor.
 Use
a colon between the hour and the
minute – 10:30 A.M.
 Use a colon between the chapter and the
verse in Biblical references and between
titles and subtitles – Exodus 1:6-9 and
Whales: Giants of the Sea
 Use a colon after the salutation of a
business letter – Dear Sir or Madam:
Correct by adding Colons
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Last summer I read “Choices A Tribute to Dr.
Martin Luther King, Jr.,” by Alice Walker.
Mrs. Hughes named the three students who
had completed extra projects Marshall,
Helena, and Terry.
Learn to spell the following new words
aneurysm, fluoroscope, and serendipity.
The test will include the punctuation marks we
have learned so far commas, semicolons, and
colons.
Check your work.
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Last summer I read “Choices: A Tribute to Dr.
Martin Luther King, Jr.,” by Alice Walker.
Mrs. Hughes named the three students who
had completed extra projects: Marshall,
Helena, and Terry.
Learn to spell the following new words:
aneurysm, fluoroscope, and serendipity.
The test will include the punctuation marks we
have learned so far: commas, semicolons, and
colons.
Semicolons

Use a semicolon between independent clauses
that are closely related in meaning if they are not
joined by and, but, for, nor, or, so, or yet.
Patty likes to act. Her sister gets stage fright. OR
Patty likes to act, but her sister gets stage fright.
OR
Patty likes to act; her sister gets stage fright.
 Use
a semicolon between independent
clauses joined by a conjunctive adverb or
transitional expression.


Emma felt shy; however, she soon made
some new friends.
My bird does unusual tricks; for example, he
rings a bell and says “Wow.”

Conjunctive Adverbs:
 Accordingly
 Also
 Besides
 Consequently
 Furthermore
 However
 Indeed
 Instead
 Meanwhile
 Moreover
 Nevertheless
 Next
 Otherwise
 Still
 Then
 therefore
 Transitional
Expressions
 As a result
 For example
 For instance
 In addition
 In fact
 That is
 On the other
hand
 In other words

A semicolon (rather than a comma) may be
needed to separate independent clauses joined
by a coordinating conjunction when the clauses
contain commas.
Confusing: Alana, Eric and Kim voted for her,
and Scott, Tom, and Carrie voted for Jason.
Clear: Alana, Eric, and Kim voted for her; and
Scott, Tom, and Carrie voted for Jason.
 Use
a semicolon between items in a series
if the items contain commas.


Example:
I would like to introduce Mrs. Boyce, our
mayor; Mr. Bell, her secretary; Ms. Lincoln,
editor of our newspaper; and Mr. Quinn, our
guest of honor.
Let’s try…
Very informative whale information, too! 
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Whales, which are warm-blooded marine
mammals, are divided into two main families
these families are the toothed whales and the
toothless whales.
Whales take very full, deep breaths
consequently they can dive almost a mile
below the surface of the ocean and remain
underwater for more than an hour at a time.
Some whale species exhibit remarkable social
behavior for example, members of a group
may stay with a wounded animal or even
support it in the water.
Check…
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3.
Whales, which are warm-blooded marine
mammals, are divided into two main families;
these families are the toothed whales and the
toothless whales.
Whales take very full, deep breaths;
consequently, they can dive almost a mile
below the surface of the ocean and remain
underwater for more than an hour at a time.
Some whale species exhibit remarkable social
behavior; for example, members of a group
may stay with a wounded animal or even
support it in the water.