Transcript Flammable_Hazardous_Materials_1.ppt

Hazardous
Materials
Subpart H
Subpart H Standards
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1910.101
1910.102
1910.103
1910.104
1910.105
1910.106
Compressed Gases
Acetylene
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrous Oxide
Flammable and Combustible
Liquids
Subpart H Standards
• 1910.107
• 1910.108
• 1910.109
Spray Finishing using
Flammable and Combustible
Materials
Dip Tanks containing
Flammable and Combustible
Liquids
Explosives and Blasting Agents
Subpart H Standards
• 1910.110
• 1910.111
• 1910.119
• 1910.120
Storage and Handling of
Liquefied Petroleum Gases
Storage and Handling of
Anhydrous Ammonia
Process Safety Management of
Highly Hazardous Chemicals
Hazardous Waste Operations
and Emergency Response
Subpart H Standards
• 1910.123
• 1910.124
Dipping and coating
operations: Coverage and
Definitions
General Requirements for
Dipping and Coating
Operations
Subpart H Standards
• 1910.125
Additional Requirements for
Dipping and Coating
Operations that use Flammable
or Combustible Liquids
• 1910.126
Additional Requirements for
Special Dipping and Coating
Operations
Definitions
• Hazardous Chemical
• Occupational Safety & Health Act (OSHA)
term that denotes any chemical that would be a
risk to employees if exposed in the work place
Definition
• Highly Hazardous Chemical
• OSHA term that denotes any chemical that
would posses toxic, reactive, flammable or
explosive properties
Flammable and
Combustible Liquids
1910.106
Definitions
• Aerosol
• Aerosol shall mean a material which is
dispensed from its container as a mist,
spray, or foam by a propellant under
pressure
Definitions
• Approved
• Approved shall mean an approved or listed
by a national recognized testing laboratory
• Such as:
– Underwriters Laboratories (UL) or
– Factory Mutual (FM)
Definitions
• Boiling Point
• Boiling point shall mean the boiling point of
a liquid at a pressure of 14.7 pounds per
square inch absolute (psia). The pressure is
equivalent to 760 millimeters of mercury
(760 mm Hg)
• Liquid changes into a vapor
Definitions
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Boiling Point
• At temperatures above the boiling, the pressure of
the atmosphere can no longer hold the liquid in the
liquid state and bubbles begin to form.
• The lower the boiling point, the greater the vapor
pressure at normal ambient temperatures and
consequently the greater the risk.
Definitions
• Container
• Container shall mean any can, barrel, or drum
Definitions
• Closed Container
• Closed container shall mean a container so
sealed by means of a lid or other device that
neither liquid or vapor will escape from it at
ordinary temperatures
Definitions
• Fire Area
• Fire area shall mean an area of a building
separated from the remainder of the
building by construction having a fire
resistance of at least 1 hour and having all
communicating openings properly protected
by an assembly having a fire resistance
rating of at least one hour.
Definitions
• Flash Point
• Flash point means the minimum
temperature at which a liquid gives off
vapor within a test vessel in sufficient
concentration to form an ignitable mixture
with air near the surface of the liquid. The
flash point is normally an indication of
susceptibility to ignition.
Definitions
• Combustible Liquid
• Combustible liquid means any liquid having
a flash point at above 100°F (37.8 °C).
• Combustible liquids are divided into two
classes:
– Class II
– Class III
Definitions
• Class II Liquids
• Class II liquids shall include those with a
flash point at or above 100°F (37.8°C) and
below 140°F (60°C), except any mixture
having components with flash points at
200°F (93.3°C) or higher, the volume of
which make up 99 percent or more of the
total volume of the mixture
Definitions
• Class III Liquids
• Class III liquids shall include those with
flash points at or above 140°F (60°C).
• Class III are divided into two classes:
– Class IIIA
– Class IIIB
Definitions
• Class IIIA Liquids
• Class III liquids shall include those with
flash points at or above 140°F (60°C) and
below 200°F (93.3°C), except any mixture
having components with flash points of
200°F (93.3°C), or higher, the total volume
of which make up 99 percent or more of the
total volume of the mixture
Definitions
• Class IIIB Liquids
• Class IIIB liquids shall include those with a
flash point at or above 200°F (93.3°C).
• This section does not regulate Class IIIB
liquids.
Definitions
• NOTE:
• When a combustible liquid is heated to
within 30°F (16.7°C) of its flash point, it
shall be handled in accordance with the
requirements for the next lower class of
liquids
Definitions
• Flammable Liquid
• Flammable liquid means any liquid having
a flash point below 100 °F (37.8 °C) or
higher, the total of which make up 99
percent or more of the total volume of the
mixture.
• Flammable liquids shall be known as
Class I liquids
Definitions
• Class I liquids are divided into three classes:
• Class 1A
• Class 1B
• Class 1C
Definitions
• Class 1A
• Class 1A shall include liquids having flash
points below 73 °F (22.8°C) and having a
boiling point below 100 °F (37.8°C)
• Examples: Ethyl Ether, Isopropyl Chloride,
Pentane
Definitions
• Class 1B Liquids
• Class 1B shall include liquids having flash
points below 73°F (22.8°C) and having a
boiling point at or above 100°F (37.8°C)
• Example: Acetone, Gasoline, Toulene
Definitions
• Class 1C
• Class 1C shall include liquids having flash
points at at or above 73°F (22.8°C) and
below 100°F (37.8°C)
• Examples: Amyl Alcohol, Naphtha, Xylene
Flash
Point
200°F
IIIA
Combustible
Flash Point
140°F
100°F
II
> 100°F
IC
Flammable
73°F
Flash Point
IA
IB
100°F
Boiling Point
< 100°F
Definitions
• Portable Tank
• Portable tank shall mean a closed container
having a liquid capacity over 60 U.S.
gallons and not intended for fixed
installation
Definitions
• Safety Can
• Safety can means an approved container, of not
more than 5 gallons capacity, having a springclosing lid and spout cover and so designed that it
will safely relieve internal pressure when subject to
fire exposure
Definitions
• Vapor Pressure
• Vapor Pressure shall mean the pressure,
measured in pounds per square inch
(absolute) exerted by a volatile liquid as
determined by the Standard Method of Test
for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products
by ASTM
Definitions
• Vapor Pressure
• Vapor Pressure is a measure of a liquid’s
propensity to evaporate.
• The higher the vapor pressure, the more
volatile the liquid and, thus, the more
readily the liquid gives off vapors
Definitions
• Ventilation
• Ventilation as specified in this section is for
the prevention of fire and explosion
– It is considered adequate if it is sufficient to
prevent accumulation of significant quantities
of vapor-air mixtures in concentrations over
one-fourth of the lower flammable limit
Flammable (Explosive) Limits
• Flammable Range
• The range of a combustible vapor or gas-air
mixture between the upper and lower flammable
limits.
• Also, known as the “explosive range.”
Flammable (Explosive) Limits
• Lower Flammable Limit
• The lowest concentration at which a combustible
gas forms a flammable mixture.
• Below the LFL there is too little combustible fuel
to sustain a flame.
• Also, known as “Lower Explosive Limit or LEL.”
Flammable (Explosive) Limits
• Upper Flammable Limit
• The highest concentration at which a combustible
gas forms a flammable mixture.
• Above the UFL there is too little oxygen to sustain
a flame. Better known as “too rich” to burn.
• Also, known as “Upper Explosive Limit or UEL.”
Flammable (Explosive) Limits
• Hazardous Material
LFL
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1.9
3.0
1.4
4.0
2.0
2.1
Butane
Ethylene Oxide
Gasoline
Hydrogen
Isopropyl Alcohol
Propane
UFL
8.5
100.0
7.6
75.0
12.7
9.5
Container and Portable Tank
Storage
• This section applies only to the storage of
flammable and combustible liquids in
drums or other containers not exceeding
60 gallons individual capacity and portable
tanks of less than 660 gallons individual
capacity.
Container and Portable Tank
Storage
• On approved containers and portable tanks may
be used to store flammable and combustible
liquids
• Metal containers and portable tanks must meet
DOT requirements
Design, Construction and
Capacity of Storage Cabinets
• Not more than 60 gallons of Class I and/ or Class
II liquids, or not more than 120 gallons of Class
III liquids may be stored in an individual cabinet
Design, Construction and
Capacity of Storage Cabinets
• The standard permits both metal and
wooden storage cabinets
• Cabinets shall be designed and constructed
to limit internal temperatures to not more
than 325°F when subject to a standardized
10-minute fire test
Design, Construction and
Capacity of Storage Cabinets
• The bottom, top, door, and sides of metal
cabinets shall be at least 18 gauge sheet
metal and double walled with a 1 -inch
air space
• The door shall be provided with a three
point lock and the door sill shall be raised at
least 2-inches above the bottom of the
cabinet
Design and Construction of
Inside Storage Rooms
• Construction is to comply with test
specifications outlined in NFPA 251
• Openings to other rooms or buildings shall
be provided with non-combustible liquidtight raised sills or ramps at least 4-inches
in height, or the floor in the storage area
shall be at least 4-inches below the
surrounding floor
Design and Construction of
Inside Storage Rooms
• Opening shall be provided with approved
self-closing fire doors
• The room shall be liquid tight where the
floor joins the floor
• Electrical wiring for Class I liquids will
comply with Class I, Division 2 hazardous
locations
Design and Construction of
Inside Storage Rooms
• In each storage room, an aisle of at least
3 feet in width will be maintained
• Containers over 30 gallons capacity shall
not be stacked
• Containers will be at least 3 feet from
sprinkler heads
Fire Control
• At least one portable fire extinguisher having a
rating of not less than 12-B units shall be located
outside of, but not more than 10 feet from, the
door opening into any room used for storage.
Maximum Quantities
• The quantity of liquid
that may be located
outside of an inside
storage room or
storage cabinet in a
building or in any one
fire area of a building
shall not exceed:
– 25 gallons of Class IA
liquids in containers
– 120 gallons of Class
IB, IC, II, or III liquids
in containers
– 660 gallons of Class
IB, IC, II, or III liquids
in a single portable
tank.
Spray Finishing
1910.107
Definitions
• Aerated Solid Powders
– Aerated powders shall mean any powdered
material used as a coating material which shall
be fluidized within a container by passing air
uniformly from below. It is common practice to
fluidize such materials to form a fluidized
powder bed and then dip the part to be coated
into the bed in a manner similar to that used in
liquid dipping. Such beds are also used as
sources for powder spray operation
Definitions
• Spraying Area
• Any area in which dangerous quantities of
flammable vapors or mists, or combustible
residues, dusts, or deposits are present due
to the operation of spraying processes.
Definitions
• Spray Booth
• A power-ventilated structure provided to
enclose or accommodate a spraying
operation to confine and limit the escape of
spray, vapor, and residue, and to safely
conduct or direct them to an exhaust system
Definitions
• Waterwash spray booth
• A spray booth equipped with a water
washing system designed to minimize dusts
or residues entering exhaust ducts and to
permit the recovery of overspray finishing
material
Definitions
• Dry spray booth
• A spray booth not equipped with a water
washing system as described in
subparagraph (4) of this paragraph.
Definitions
• Dry spray booth
• A dry spray booth may be equipped with
– distribution or baffle plates to promote an even flow of
air through the booth or cause the deposit of overspray
before it enters the exhaust duct; or
– overspray dry filters to minimize dusts or residues
entering exhaust ducts; or
– where dry powders are being sprayed, with powder
collection systems so arranged in the exhaust to capture
oversprayed material.
Definitions
• Fluidized Bed
• A container holding powder coating
material which is aerated from below so as
to form an air-supported expanded cloud of
such material through which the preheated
object to be coated is immersed and
transported.
Definitions
• Electrostatic Fluidized Bed
– A container holding powder coating material
which is aerated from below so as to form an
air-supported expanded cloud of such material
which is electrically charged with a charge
opposite to the charge of the object to be
coated; such object is transported, through the
container immediately above the charged and
aerated materials in order to be coated.
Separation of Operations
• Each spray booth shall be separated from
other operations by:
• not less than 3 feet or
• by a partition or wall to reduce danger
3 ft
8 feet
3 feet
Sources of Ignition
• There will be no open flame or spark
producing equipment in any spray area nor
within 20 feet
• Space heating appliances, steam pipes, or
hot surfaces shall not be located in the spray
area
Electrical
• Class I or Class II, Division 1 Locations
• The interior of spray booths or rooms
• The interior of exhaust ducts
• Any area in the direct path of spray
operations
Electrical
• Class I or Class II, Division 2 Locations
• For open spraying, all space outside of but
within 20 feet horizontally and 10 feet
vertically
Spray Area
20’
Review
• What is a flammable liquid?
• What is a combustible liquid?
• A Class 1A flammable liquid has a flash
point of less than?
Review
• What is the maximum amount of a 1A
liquid that can be stored outside of a
flammable storage cabinet or room?
• A 12B fire extinguisher must be located
within _______ feet of flammable liquid
storage room.
Review
• Spray finishing can be a hazardous activity.
– True or False
• Each spray booth must be separated by
___ feet or a wall or partition from other
operations.
• Spray booths require ___________
electrical installations.