Transcript lepidoptera-trichoptera.ppt

TRICHOPTERA
LEPIDOPTERA
LEPIDOPTERA
(Butterflies / Moths)
"lepido" = scale + "ptera" = wings
1. Siphoning mouthparts form a coiled tube
(proboscis) beneath the head
2. Antennal type: vary, e.g. clubbed, filiform,
plumose…
3. Front wings large, triangular; hind wings large, fanshaped
4. Body and wings covered with small, overlapping
scales
Lepidoptera is the second largest order
in the class Insecta
Holometabolous
(complete metamorphosis)
•
•
Most Lepidoptera larvae are herbivores
•
Foliage feeders
•
Stems and roots
•
Leaf miners
Most Lepidoptera adults are herbivores
•
Nectar
•
Pollen
•
Some do not feed
How can you distinguish a butterfly
from a moth?
Butterflies
- brightly colored
- long capitate antennae
- diurnal
- fold the wings vertical over back
Moths
- drab in appearance
- antennae thread-like/feathery
- nocturnal
- fold the wings flat over back
Economic Importance
Although many Lepidoptera
are valued for their beauty…
A few are useful in commerce
(e.g., the silkworm)
Lepidoptera larvae are probably more
destructive to agricultural crops and forest
trees than any other group of insects.
Families
Milkweed/Monarch Butterflies
Swallowtail Butterflies
White/Sulfur Butterflies
Brushfooted Butterflies
Sphinx/Hawk Moths
Noctuid Moths
Snout/Grass Moths
Milkweed or Monarch
Butterflies
Antennae w-out scales
Distal cell on hind wing
closed by a well
developed vein
Front legs reduced
Swallowtail Butterflies
Large
Often have tail-like
elongation on rear
edge of hind wing
White and Sulfur Butterflies
Typically bright white,
yellow or orange in color
Black markings on
wings
Brushfooted Butterflies
Front wings broad and
triangular
Greatly reduced front legs
Largest butterfly family
Monarch
vs.
Viceroy
Notice vein crossing cells of hind wing
Sphinx & Hawk Moths
Hind wings reduced
Spindle shaped
Thickened Antennae
Noctuid Moths
Narrowed front wings
Hind wings broadened
and rounded, some
brightly colored
Antennae threadlike
Snout and Grass Moths
Small
Wings ‘roll’ around
abdomen or are held flat
Labial palps form ‘snout’
in front of head
TRICHOPTERA
Caddisflies
1.Filiform antennae
2.Chewing mouthparts reduced or vestigial
3.Two pairs of wings clothed with long hairs
4.Wings held tent-like over the abdomen
TRICHOPTERA
Metamorphosis
Holometabolous (complete metamorphosis)
(egg,larva,pupa,adult)
Where do
Trichopterans live?
During the day, the adults hide in cool, moist
environments such as the vegetation along
river banks
Caddisfly larvae live in aquatic habitats
What do Trichopterans eat?
Adults have reduced
or vestigial mouthparts
Most adults do not feed and are relatively
short-lived
Immatures may be herbivores, scavengers,
or predators
Larval Cases
Economic Importance
Caddisfly larvae may serve as food for
fish and other aquatic vertebrates
Fishermen often gather them for use as
bait for trout and other game fish
Although a few species have been
recorded as pests in rice paddies, most
caddisflies have very little economic
importance