Transcript PENGANTAR WTO

HUKUM PERDAGANGAN
INTERNASIONAL
Nandang Sutrisno
Tujuan
Anggota
•Terciptanya lingkungan perdagangan
internasional yang aman dan pasti bagi
komunitas bisnis
•1986: 90
•Melanjutkan proses liberalisasi
perdagangan untuk mengembangkan
perdagangan, meningkatkan investasi dan
menciptakan lapangan kerja
•1995:125
Prinsip Dasar
• Most Favoured Nation
(MFN)
•1991:103
•2003:145
GATT/WTO
• National Treatment (NT)
• Proteksi melalui Tarif
• Tariff Binding
Sistem
• Persaingan yang adil
•Perjanjian Internasional
• Larangan Restriksi
Kuantitatif
•Forum Pengambilan Keputusan
• Waiver dan Pembatasan
Darurat terhadap Impor
•Forum Negosiasi
• Perkecualian untuk
Perjanjian Perdagangan
Regional
•Sekretariat Internasional
•Forum Penyelesaian Sengketa
•Organisasi Internasional
The Final Act Embodying the Results of
the Uruguay Round of Multilateral
Trade Negotiations
1. The Final Act…
2. Agreement Establishing the World Trade
Organisastion
Annex 1A : Multilateral Agreements on Trade in
Goods (GATT 1994)
1B : General Agreement on Trade in
Services
1C : Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects
of International Property Rights
(TRIPs)
Annex 2 : Understanding on Rules and
Procedures Governing the
Settlement of Disputes (DSU)
3 : Trade Policy Review Mechanism
(TPRM)
4 : Plurilateral Trade Agreements
3. Ministerial Decisions and Declarations
4. Undesrtanding on Commitments in
Financial Services
Implementasi Komitmen Putaran
Uruguay
Market Access Negara Maju
Tariffs
Tariff Reduction
of 40 % overall
Tariff Bindings at
the Lower
Rates
6 yrs
Textiles &
Clothing
Phase-out of MFA
in 3 stages: 1998,
2001, 2004
Increase quota
AGRICULTURE
Growth Rates
Tariffication NTBS
10 yrs
Tariff Reduction of 36 %
Reduction of Export
Subsidies of 36 %
Reduction of Domestic
Support of 20%
6 yrs
Implementasi Komitmen Putaran
Uruguay
Market Access Negara
Berkembang
Tariffs
Tariff Reduction
of 33 % overall
Tariff Bindings across
the Board
10 yrs
Textiles &
Clothing
Phase-out of MFA
in 3 stages: 1998,
2001, 2004
Increase quota
AGRICULTURE Growth Rates
Tariffication NTBS
10 yrs
Tariff Reduction of 24 %
Reduction of Export
Subsidies of 24 %
Reduction of Domestic
Support of 13%
10 yrs
NEW
AREAS
Implementasi Komitmen
Putaran Uruguay
Services
1. Framework Agreement:
-Rules for Trade in Services
-Non-discrimination and transparancy basic principles
-National Treatment subject to Negotiation
-Exemption from MFN to be reviewed
2. Schedule of Specific Commitments for Binding
of Market Access by Each Country
3. Further Negotiations after 5 Yrs
4. Time period: Immediate
Application
NEW
AREAS
Implementasi Komitmen
Putaran Uruguay
TRIPs
1. National Treatment and MFN basic principles
2. Minimum Standards of Practices established for:
Copyrights,Trademarks, Patents,
Industrial Designs, Integrated Circuits,
Undisclosed Information
3. Time Period :
- 1 yr for Developed Countries
- 5 yrs for Developing and Transition
Economies
NEW
AREAS
Implementasi Komitmen
Putaran Uruguay
TRIMs
1. Notification of Prohibited TRIMs
within 90 days
2. Removal of :
Local content measures, Trade-balancing
Requirements, Foreign Exchange Balancing,
Export Limitation Requirements
3. Time Period:
2 yrs for developed countries
5 yrs for developing countries
7 yrs for least-developed
countries