Transcript GPS Based Land Observations

Sujay Dutta
Crop Inventory & Modelling Division
Pre - Ground Truth Preparation
• Schedule:
One month in advance of proper crop stage
Procure Following:
Geo-referenced images prints
•
Current season or Previous season
•
overlay AWiFS/LISS-III and vectors
(Reproject images/vectors, if needed )
•
•
Vector coverage:
•
•
Good GPS:
•
•
•
Load in GPS: Images and vectors
Mark the features of special importance
Major/minor roads
Rails, canals, built-up, forest etc.
Image/vector display s/w
On-line marking/editing in GPS
Input/output - computer
Objectives: GPS-GIS Unification
Applications: GPS Data Collection, Mobile Mapping,
Surveying, Data Collection for Disaster
Damage Assessment
Compatible H/W : Windows based Pocket PC
Data Exchange with PC:
Using Microsoft
Active Sync
Remark:
System is built using
Indigenous Qpad s/w
Crop: Jowar
Crop Stage: 40 Days
Field Area: 2304 Sq.m
Field Perimeter: 215.5 m
Photo Id: 67,70,71
Crop : Paddy
Crop Stage : 30 Days
Field Area : 1109 Sq m
Field Perimeter : 127 m
Field Photo : 72.73.74.75
Field Visit
Crop1 :
Crop2 :
Type, stage, height, growth, density etc.
Type, stage, height, growth, density etc.
GPS reading:
coordinates (Long., Lat.) with rmse
Crop proportions, spatial location (if patches)
Moisture condition:
Field size:
Wet / semi-wet / dry
Single field size, synthetic field size
Adjacent Fields:
Crop type, directional location etc.
Photographs:
Showing different crop stages, crop densities,
crop’s ground cover etc. along with panoramic
view
Fill-up GT forms (Important info. – in-field)
Crop wrt. Previous season (Optional)
Any govt. or any other scheme affecting crop
Any observed change/ expected change etc.
Remark, if any:
A Sample of GT Sheet
Sr
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Detail / Information
Year (Crop season )
Crop under study (Mustard)
State, District, (Village - Optional)
Date of Observation (yyyy-mm-dd)
Field / Site ID (yyyymmdd-nn)
Geog. Latitude (N) location of the site centre (GPS)
Geog. Longitude (E) location of the site centre(GPS)
Type of Crop / Land cover / Land use of the site
Size of the crop field/LULC site (m) (Approximate)
Synthetic size of crop/LULC site (m) (if applicable)
Crop Growth Stage
Crop Health/Condition (Good/Average/Poor)
Crop Cover on Ground (%) (Eye Judgement)
Date of sowing, harvesting (Approximate, Expected)
Others crops in the field (In case of mixed crops)
Other Crops proportions
Other information, if any
Inforamtion collected by institute
Name of the leader of team
Free hand Field sketch
Field photograph (ph1-Overview, ph2 - Close view)
Location 01
…
Location 19
2008-09
Mustard
Rajasthan, Jaipur
20081215
20081215-01
26d 29m 39.2s
75d 56m 48.4s
Mustard
250x500
2500x5000
Flowering Siliquau formation
good
80%
Ist week Oct. Ist week of March
Rainfed
NRCRM,Bharatpur
Mr Vinod Kumar
2008-09
Mustard
UP. Agra,
20081207
20081207-20
27d 51m 11.7s
78d 02m 39.4s
Potato
1000x1000
> 1000x1000
Vegetative
Good
85%
Ist week of Nov.
Potato dominant region
NRCRM,Bharatpur
Mr Vinod Kumar
20081215-01.jpg
20081215-01_ph1.jpg
20081215-01_ph2.jpg
20081207-20.jpg
20081207-20_ph1.jpg
20081207-20_ph2.jpg
…
GROUND-TRUTH INFORMATION
Opium
Gram
Coriander
Garlic
Wheat
Mustard
Post-GT Processing
• Download: GT info. From GPS to computer
• GT Details in .xls format
• Vector coverage of GT with all attributes
• Scanning of hand drawn sketch of the the site
• Attaching of sketches & photographs with .xls file
• Using GT for Image Classification
• Using GT for accuracy assessment
Class assigning with the help of spectral profile
Issues regarding Ground Truth
Quality of Location:
Spatial Distribution:
No. of GT Locations:
Competing Crops:
Field ID on sketch:
GPS Location Mark:
North Direction:
Linkages:
Drawing Sketch:
Details in Sketch:
Format of values:
Photographs:
It should be identifiable on AWiFS image
(size of field/synthetic field > 100 x 100 m)
Distribution should represent the crop
distribution in district (well distributed)
To cover all crops in the study area
All major competing crops to be covered
Sketch should have Field-ID marked
GPS location w.r.t. sketch is important
North direction need to be marked
Scanned Sketch & Photographs to be linked
Fields (polygon), Road/Canal (two lines) …..
Crop Type & fields measurement need to be shown
Follow the standard format of reporting the values
(1) Panoramic (multiple fields)
(2) Close View (Crop stages)
Remarks:
Major crops in the region
Crop status w.r.t. Previous season (Optional)
Any govt. or any other scheme affecting crop
Any observed change/ expected change etc.
FCC AWiFS Jan. 19, 2011
GPS points overlaid on FCC of AWiFS Mosaic of Bihar state, 2011
Sugarcane area progress in Maharashtra, May 2010
Simulation of Aphid build-up
Kalyani
G(t) = G0 / [ 1 + exp { - (x – a)/b}]
where G(t) = aphid count at time t in days, G0 =
peak aphid count, x = daily cumulative TOVS air
temperature in 0C from sowing dates up to time t
aphid count per
10cm shoot
800
600
400
200
0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Cum ulative TOVS tem perature
•
The sigmoidal aphid growth was assumed nearly
linear between 10% of peak population (As) and its
peak.
•
Linear growth rate (LGR = Apeak–As/CATpeak-CATs)
•
Common LGRs of all 3 stations were obtained for
all sowing dates
•
Simulation of the aphid growth = f (LGR, As and
wtd. CAT )
•
LGR vs. sowing date : polynomial 2nd order fit
Nov.5
Oct.22
3-Dec
15-Oct
Nov.19
Model predicted dates of aphid onset and peak incidence in
north west INDIA
Probable dates of aphid onset
Level of peak aphid incidence
Dutta et al. (2008). Int. J. pest management
Study of Sclerotinia disease in mustard crop 2005
using EO-I Hyperion data
Initial stage
advanced stage
Disease–Water Stress Index (DSWI) =
R800/R1660
Disease score %
50
40
30
y = 1.9688x5.5584
20
R2 = 0.6821
10
Observed points
0
1.45
1.50
1.55
1.60
1.65
DWSI (1660/680)
1.70
1.75
Dutta et al. 2006, J. ISRS,34 (3):325-330
1.80
2005
2003
2006
2004
2007
temperature vegetation dryness index
(TVDI)
NDWI profiles at site 3-15% and site 1446% for January and February 2005
TVDI profiles at site 3-15% and site 14-46%
for January and February 2005
Normalize Difference Water Index
Detection of diseased mustard crop using
EO-1 Hyperion data Feb. 4, 2005
NRCRM FARM
Normal mustard
Non-agriculture
Diseased mustard crop
Non-mustard crop
NRCRM FARM
Studies on remote sensing parameters for detection of
mealy bug (Maconellicoccus hirsutus) in cotton crop
cotton
Rice
Haryana state, India
FCC Sep. 28, 2010
Data Used
AWiFS - Sept 28, Oct. 12, Oct.17 and Oct. 27, 2010
MODIS - Sep. 14, Oct. 08 and Oct. 24, 2009
Field data of severity index from 20 sample locations at weekly intervals in Sirsa
Modified Perpendicular Drought Index (Ghulam et al.,2007), ISPRS J.photogrammetry
& remote sensing, which takes into account both vegetation status and soil moisture
condition
M = Soil line slope
Fv = Fraction of vegetation cover
Land Surface Water Index (Xiao et al.,2006)
LSWI
=
r
r
NIR
NIR
- r
+ r
SWIR
SWIR
Severity Index
Data used for Model Development with MPDI
2.50
y = 4.635x + 0.7315
Location
R2 = 0.7187
2.00
CICR
1.50
1.00
0.50
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
MPDI
Observed SI
Predicted SI
Aug.29,2009
0.26
1.95
1.95
Oct. 24 , 2009
0.27
2.00
2.01
Sept. 28 , 2010
0.19
1.50
1.68
Oct. 17, 2010
0.15
1.33
1.50
Oct.27, 2010
0.17
1.60
1.58
Sept. 14, 2009
0.29
2.08
2.09
Sept. 28,2010
0.11
1.36
1.33
Oct. 12, 2010
0.20
1.56
1.70
Oct. 17,2010
0.17
1.61
1.56
Oct.27 ,2010
0.23
1.72
1.84
Oct.8,2009
0.19
1.66
1.68
Sept.28,2010
0.14
1.33
1.47
Oct.17 ,2010
0.14
1.59
1.45
Oct.27,2010
0.17
1.69
1.60
Aug.29, 2009
0.16
1.42
1.52
Sept.6, 2009
0.17
1.61
1.57
Sept.14, 2009
0.19
1.81
1.68
Sept.28,2010
0.14
1.00
1.46
Oct. 27,2010
0.15
1.33
1.52
Modanwali
0.40
MPDI
Y = 4.635  MPDI + 0.7315
R2=0.71, n = 19
Date
Jhopra
Bhurtwala
Validation of blind sites
2.5
y = 1.0125x + 0.4305
Sources of error:
1. Only one parameter is taken into
account MPDI
2. Spatail distribution of met data need to
be taken
3. Association of alternate hosts in off
season need to be taken an association
factor need to be included
4. Accuracy of the model to be improved
using higher resolution data and more
no. of years
2
Predicted Value
R = 0.6191
2
1.5
1
1:1 Line
0.5
0
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
Observed Value
Location
CICR
Modanwali
Jhopra
Bhurtwala
Date
Observed SI
Predicted SI
6-Sep,2009
1.09
1.73
8-Oct,2009
1.23
1.84
12-Oct,2010
1.33
1.57
29-Aug.2009
1.25
1.83
8-Oct,2009
1.78
2.11
24-Oct,2009
1.67
2.09
29-Aug,2009
1.00
1.49
6-Sep,2009
1.17
1.89
14-Sep,2009
1.33
1.91
12-Oct,2010
1.00
1.06
17-Oct,2010
1.00
1.23
Validation points of blind sites
Classified
data of
Oct. 12, 2010
Legend
Low SI = 1.33 -1.5
Medium SI >1.5-1.8
High SI >1.8-2.09
Severity Index map of mealy bug, 2010
BPH pest infestation of paddy in Godavari district
AWiFs Andhra Pradesh
Data
Godaviari
Andhra Pradesh
Early maturing rice
Late maturing rice
Common rice growing areas
In 2007 and 2009 rabi season
Population count
Model based on indices derived from AWiFS data 2007 and 2009
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
( -0.5 * (ln
model
predicted
y = 304.466 * e
observed pest
count
x
)/0.0714) 2
0.4168
r2 = 0.54
Adj. r2 = 0.45 and SEOE = 29.97
where, y = BPH pest count levels in numbers
x = LSWI values derived from AWiFS data
0
0.2
0.4
LSWI Index
0.6
Estimated pest count
Model based on indices derived from MODIS data 2007and 2009
Y = - 16158.33 + 51.898*LST – 129.324*NDWI
+ 660.179*NDVI
R2 = 0.88
250
200
r2 = 0.88* Adj. r2 = 0.82
SEOE = 29.56 n = 10
t (LST) = 2.723, t (LSWI) = -2.124,
t (NDVI) = 6.17
150
1:1 line
100
50
* significant at
0
0
50
100
150
200
Observed pest count
250
5%
where, Y = BPH pest count levels in numbers
Identification of Late blight affected potato growing
areas in winter 2009 Burdhaman district , West Bengal
AWiFS
Jan10, 2009
Late blight affected
Potato area
AWiFS
Jan29, 2009
Potato area in
Burdhaman dist. WB
NDVI- AWIFS
NDVI- MODIS
NDVI value of diseased crop in comparison NDVI value of diseased crop in comparison to
to healthy crop using AWiFs data
healthy crops using MODIS data
LSWI- AWIFS
Reference
In case of Late blight disease of tomato plants
using AVIRIS data at univ. of California, Davis
(2003). For hyperspectral study band ranges of
950–1030 followed by 1040–1130 nm bands
manifested more than 10% difference between
healthy and diseased plants (Zang et al. 2003)
Variation of LSWI value of diseased crop in comparison to healthy crop
Late blight affected potato growing areas Burdhaman, 2009
FCC 10 January,2009
Late blight affected
Potato area
FCC 29 January,2009
Potato areas in
Burdhaman dist. WB
Classified Image
Taluka wise potato crop damage areas
Taluka
Potato
Area (%)
Disease
Area (%)
Potato
Area(Ha)
Disease
area (ha)
1 Howrah
Uluberia
10.83
0.33
10905.44
328.97
2 Nadia
Ranaghat
17.60
0.65
8312.28
306.07
3 Bardhman
Katoya
3.51
0.42
1588.70
191.92
4 Nadia
Kalyani
17.60
0.65
8312.28
306.07
5 Bardhman*
Kalna
20.67
0.18
20174.52
171.54
6 Hugli*
Hugli
37.14
0.33
43227.88
380.08
7 Medinipur*
Ghatal
15.86
0.55
13641.29
469.15
8 Bankura*
Bishnupur
17.14
3.27
10611.91
2025.23
9 North 24 Paraganas
Basirhat
8.69
0.07
24462.37
204.15
10 Bardhman*
Bardhman
20.00
1.34
60353.89
4036.66
11 Hugli*
Arambag
41.73
1.08
44139.20
1138.68
12 North 24 Paraganas
Banagaon
17.80
0.66
15116.77
562.91
Sr.No.
District