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Question

• What is a plantation?

Answer

• A large farm that grows cash crops

Question

• What is an indentured servant?

Answer

• A person who agrees to work for a certain amount of time to pay off a debt.

Question

• What is an apprentice?

Answer

• A child who is given as a trainee to a craftsman. The child works as a servant and learns the craftsman’s trade.

Question

• What is the Maryland Toleration Act?

Answer

• It was the first law in the 13 Colonies that granted religious toleration to other religious.

Question

• What were Slave Codes?

Answer

• • • • They were the laws passed after Bacon’s Rebellion to restrict the rights of slaves.

These laws were made because slaves participated in Bacon’s Rebellion and the planters were scared of a slave rebellion.

They changed what slavery was like in the 13 Colonies. They made the life of slaves much harsher and restricted what slaves could do, where before slaves were treated similarly to indentured servants and apprentices.

They made it illegal for slaves to learn to read and marry. They made slaves property, not people.

Question

• What was Bacon’s Rebellion and why is it important?

Answer

• • • • Nathaniel Bacon lead a rebellion of former indentured servants against the Virginia governor. The indentured servants moved west onto Native lands when they were freed. The Natives fought back. Bacon and his followers were angry because the governor wouldn’t protect them.

It was important because planters saw the danger of large numbers of indentured servants. This lead to a decline in indentured servitude and an increase in African slavery.

They planters made peace with the indentured servants by making war on the Native Americans.

They also refocused the hatred of the indentured servants onto slaves, who were competing with them for jobs. This lead to the development of Slave Codes and the beginning of racism against Black slaves.

Question

• Describe the task system of slavery.

Answer

• Slaves were given a list of tasks to finish every day. If they finished their tasks, they were free to use their time how they pleased. This is what slavery was often like early in the history of the colonies.

Question

Describe the gang system of slavery.

Answer

• Gangs of slaves were forced to work in the fields all day. It was much harsher than the task system. Slavery in the colonies shifted from the task system to the gang system as huge plantations developed, as Slave Codes were passed, and Africans slaves started to be used more often than indentured servants.

Question

• What was the House of Burgesses?

Answer

• It was a group of lawmakers that were elected by the citizens of Virginia Colony. It worked like Congress works today. In fact, it was one of the inspirations for Congress.

Question

• What is a proprietary colony?

Answer

• A colony owned by a lord or a group of lords. It was usually run by a governor appointed by the proprietors.

Question

• What was a royal colony?

Answer

• It was a colony owned by the King of England. The King often eventually got ownership of the proprietary colonies. He appointed governors to rule the colonies for him.

Question

• What is a charter colony?

Answer

• It is a colony that is ruled by an English company or corporation (Virginia and Massachusetts are examples). The Jamestown and Plymouth Colonies formed companies to pay for the move to the New World.

Question

• Where was New England? What are some examples of colonies?

Answer

• • It was the most northern group of colonies. It was mainly settled by Puritans seeking religious freedom.

Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Vermont, and New Hampshire

Question

• • Describe where the Middle Colonies were located.

Name the Middle Colonies.

Answer

• • They were in the middle, between New England and the Southern Colonies.

New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware

Question

• • Where were the Southern colonies located?

Name the Southern colonies.

Answer

• • They were obviously the most southern colonies.

Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia

Question

• What was the Great Awakening?

Answer

• • • • • • It was a religious movement in the 13 Colonies. It was revival, or renewed interest in religion It focused on Heaven and Hell It focused on emotion and feeling It was lead by traveling preachers It had huge outdoor gatherings for which thousands gathered to hear preachers speak It was a reaction to the Enlightenment

Question

• What was the Enlightenment?

Answer

• • • • • It was a movement in the 13 Colonies that focused more on this world and what it could teach us.

It was lead by thinkers and writers It focused on reason and thinking It focused on science It was a reaction to the Great Awakening

Question

• What was the French-Indian War?

Answer

• • • • • It was a war between England and France. The colonists and Iroquois fought for England.

The French colonists and most of the Native Americans fought for France.

They fought over who would control the Ohio River Valley between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi.

The English won. The French were kicked out of North America. The Natives were dealt a serious defeat. The English colonists started streaming over the mountains and taking Native land.

Question

• What makes the New England colonies similar politically? Economically? Religiously?

Answer

• • • Religiously: settled by Puritans, many didn’t have religious toleration until much later after the Great Awakening.

Politically: They had many different kinds of governments.

Economically: Most people farmed corn or wheat on small farms. Shipping, shipbuilding, and trade were big.

Question

• What makes the Middle Colonies similar economically? Religiously? Politically?

Answer

• • • Economically: Farmed mainly tobacco. Bigger cities, like New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore. Banking, shipping, and trade important.

Religiously: They were many different religions. Pennsylvania was originally Quaker, New York was a mix, Maryland was mainly Catholic. But these colonies were the first to develop religious toleration, then religious freedom.

Politically: They had many different kinds of governments.

Question

• How were the Southern Colonies similar economically? Religiously?

Answer

• • • Economically: Big plantations that farmed tobacco, rice, and indigo. More indentured servants (and later, slaves).

Religiously: Most had the Church of England (Anglican) as their state church, but later developed religious toleration after the Great Awakening.

Politically: They had many different kinds of governments.

Question

•

Describe the difference between House Slave and Field Slaves

Answer

• • • • House slaves were clothed better and ate better because they were around the master’s family.

House slaves were considered privileged by the field slaves Field slaves mainly worked in farming trades Field slaves rarely saw their master’s family, many couldn’t speak English

Question

• Describe the government of South Carolina colony. How is it similar to the USA’s

government today?

Answer

• It had a “president” appointed by the proprietors. It also had a “congress” elected by the people. They were forced to work together to rule the colony. This is similar to the President and Congress of the USA today.

Question

•

Explain the government of Virginia. How is it similar to the USA’s government today?

Answer

• They had the House of Burgesses. This was a group of lawmakers that were elected by the people to govern the colony. This was like the U.S. Congress today.

Question

• What are examples of crops grown in the 13 Colonies?

Answer

• Tobacco, rice, indigo, wheat, corn

Question

What were the three systems of “forced labor?” How were they similar?

Answer

• • Slavery, indentured servitude, apprenticeship They were similar because they all forced people to work, although the terms under which each worked were different.