Transcript paper 2 overview and advice

Paper 2:
20th Century World History
Tips! Tricks! Advice! Do’s
and Don’t’s!
You’ve got this!
O We have been studying IB History Route 2: This is our 20th
Century History paper.
This paper is 90 minutes long: you must answer 2 questions
which gives you 45 minutes (one class period) for each essay.
O We only need two topics: We could potentially answer a
question from four different topics.
O
O
O
O
Topic 1:
Topic 2:
Topic 3:
Topic 5:
Causes, Practices and Effects of War
Democratic States- Challenges and Responses
The Rise of Single Party States (dictatorships)
Cold War
What resources should you have?
The studying should already begin.
You should have big binders and files of history
notes: you will not learn these just by reading
them.
To prepare for the exams, you need to condense
your notes into a manageable size
Revision and summarization of key events/ideas will
help you learn and organize the data into useable
work.
How: Do the work–
there are no shortcuts
O Flashcards
O ID Terms
O Timelines
O Study buddies
O Charts
O History squares
O Cause and effect
O Repetition and practice
O Teach someone else
Google is your friend
O Get online and look at past exams and study material to
help you get familiar with the exam formatting
O Identify and clarify command and historical terms
O Produce essay plans for questions: identify facts
needed to answer a question
O Practice writing in the allocated time for each
exam/essay
O Work with a study buddy and use mark schemes to
mark each other’s essays.
You must take the time to plan:
O Read the questions carefully during the 5 minute
reading time.
O Choose questions you have studied: be smart!
O Look at Section 1 first: 20th Century War
O Look at Section 5 next: Cold War
O Then look in Sections 2 and 3 if you have to…
O DO NOT TACKLE Section 4 unless you have EXPERT
knowledge… (no offense but you probably don’t.)
O READ ALL of the Questions in the section before you
make your selection. Sometimes there is an easier
question.
A few minutes in the beginning
could save you a lot later.
O Write a brief outline (or at least key words) to help keep your
essay organized and on topic.
O Watch your timing: a major mistake is to spend so much
time on one essay that you don’t have time to fully develop
the second essay. They are equally weighted.
O Write legibly-- Make it as easy on your moderator as possible
O Number your answers/essays clearly on the answer book
and on the cover sheet.
ATBQ!
O Answer the bloody question!!
O (I borrowed this from a British teacher!)
O Whether its in your introduction or in the
conclusion, ruthlessly focus on the demands of
the question and give a direct, clear answer.
O No matter how amazing and knowledgeable your
essay is, if you don’t answer the question, you will
not mark high.
Make your essay dummy proof
O Not a narrative: Answer the question being asked – and all
parts of the question!
O Double CHECK This!
O Repeat your thesis statement MANY TIMES!
O Stay focused
O Need to support your answer with dates, facts etc
O Signposting – using words from the question throughout the
essay
O Use transition sentences to show that you are
honoring the command terms.
O Conversely, In contrast, Compared to, Therefore,
Furthermore, etc.
Common Mistakes
and how to avoid them.
Telling the story:
O You need to link your information to the question – not write a
narrative
Writing general answers:
O You must include detailed evidence to support your ideas
Spending too long on questions:
O Timing is crucial in the exam
O Don’t spend too long on one question – then not have enough time
to write the other/s
Missing the focus of a question:
O Use the command and clarifying terms to identify the focus of the
question
Provide concrete details
O Discuss dates, events, historical people, etc.
O Don’t be wrong! If you can’t remember a specific
date, put what you do know. A vague answer is still
right… but a wrong answer is wrong!
O For example: World War I began in 1914:
O June 28: Assassination
O July 28: Austria declares war
O August 3: Germany declares war, etc.
O If you can’t remember the day, put the month, if you can’t
remember the month, put the year… if you can’t
remember the year… you should have studied or chosen a
different question.
O This isn’t “English” so don’t worry about sounding
redundant or not having “hooks” you are going to for
maximum knowledge not artistry.
O Be clear and concise. You don’t want to ramble.
There is no minimum word count so say what you
mean and move on.
O Never ever give a hypothetical or “what if” response.
This is history. We deal in what did happen, not what
could have happened!
O (Think of all the pregnant women in the GD)
Your conclusion is critical
O This is the last thing your reader will see and will leave
the final impression. This is more important than the
intro kinda
O Be strong.. Don’t fizzle…
O ATBQ! AGAIN!
O Answer the Bloody Question! Again! Refer directly to
the question: AGAIN! Just to make sure!
O Make any final thoughts, wrap ups, analysis.
O Leave your paper on a strong final thought. This is
your last “kick in the head” to the fight you are
engaged in. Make it HURT. :D
Historical terms and vocabulary
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
Right Wing State
Left Wing State
Single Party State
Authoritarian State
Totalitarian State
Multi-party State
Democratic State
Ideology
Social Policy
Economic Policy
Political Policy
Domestic Policy
Foreign Policy
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
Historical Circumstances
Outbreak of War
Outcome of War
Consolidation of Power
Rise to Power
To maintain Power
Nationalism
Imperialism
Alliance
Agreement
Armistice
Treaty
Your task is to…
O Go through past essay questions
O Write practice essays for your teacher – use
the assessment criteria to guide you
O Submit and resubmit
O Write outlines and drafts for essays
O Write detailed plans for essays
If you finish early: you
probably missed something
O Go back through quickly and see if you can
add any details in (maybe squeeze in a date,
or a person, or the name of a treaty).
O If you have a lot of time, add another
supporting paragraph with another example
to support your assertion. Yes it may be out
of order, but if it isn’t there then you can’t
earn points.
You will write on ONE essay from Topic ___and ONE essay from Topic ___.
There will be five options per topic.
You cannot write two essays from the same topic. I said, YOU CANNOT
WRITE TWO ESSAYS FROM THE SAME TOPIC!
O You cannot guarantee any questions but past papers indicate some sort
of pattern!
O You can be judicious in choosing your favored topics.
What aspects of the two topics do you most want to write on?
O Topic __ - ________________________________
O Topic __ - ________________________________
What other aspects do you think you could do OK on?
O Topic __ - ________________________________
O Topic __- ________________________________
O Which wars are you most comfortable with to use as your SUPPORTING
EVIDENCE? Choose 3
O So that’s what you are going to study….
Don’t forget this is a REGIONS exam:
Pay attention to the map and the question.
O If the question says “from two different regions” go back
to the cover and double check the map to your examples.
O People mess this up EVERY YEAR! Don’t be the one that
does it this year!
Different types and nature of 20th
century warfare
• Civil
• Guerrilla
• Limited war,
• Total war
Origins and causes of wars
• Long-term,
• short-term
• immediate causes
1. Political
2. Economic,
3. Religious,
4. Social
5. Ideological
Nature of 20th century wars
Effects and results of wars
Technological developments
• tactics and strategies,
• air, land and sea
Peace settlements and wars ending
without treaties
Home front:
• economic and social impact
• (including changes in the role and
status of women)
Resistance and revolutionary movements
Attempts at collective security pre- and
post-Second World War
Political repercussions and territorial
changes
Post-war economic problems
O Material for detailed study
20th Century Wars
O First World War (1914-8)
O Second World War (1939-45)
O Mexican Revolution
O Korean War
O Vietnam War
Let’s talk about a typical
(tricky) question:
In what ways, and for what reasons, did
technological developments affect the nature and
the outcome of two twentieth century wars, each
chosen from a different region? (N 2010)
What would you say if I said you MUST draft an
answer using WWI and WWII?
1. Account for either the defeat of the Central Powers in the First
World War or the Axis powers in the Second World War.
2. To what extent do you agree with the view that war accelerates
social change?
3. Evaluate the contribution made towards the war effort by
civilians on the home front and the battlefront in two wars, each
chosen from a different region.
4. Compare and contrast the reasons for, and impact of, foreign
involvement in two of the following: Russian Civil War; Spanish
Civil War; Chinese Civil War.
5. Peace settlements create conditions for new conflicts.. With
reference to at least two settlements, explain to what extent you
agree with this statement.
1. To what extent should Germany be held responsible for
causing both the First and Second World Wars?
2. Why was there so much civil strife and civil war in China
during the first half of the twentieth century?
3. Compare and contrast the outcome and effects of two
revolutionary wars, each chosen from a different region.
4. How and why has guerilla warfare been used in the
twentieth century? Examples should be given from at
least two different regions.
5. Explain the impact of war on two of the following: women,
the arts, and the media.
1.
Assess the significance of either the Mexican Revolution
(1910-1940) or the Vietnam War (1964-1975).
2.
In what ways have wars a) caused suffering and hardship to
women and b) helped promote women’s equality? Specific
evidence must be given from at least two regions.
3.
Analyze the reasons for the outbreak of war either in Algeria
in 1954, or in Korea in 1950.
4.
In what ways and for what reasons did foreign intervention
play an important role in two civil war, each chosen from a
different region?
5.
Evaluate the successes and failures of one twentieth
century treaty in addressing the causes of conflict, and
restoring peace and normality.
1.
Using specific examples explain the popularity of war
themes in a) films and b) novels and/or plays.
2.
To what extent has any twentieth century war changed
the role of women?
3.
How far do you agree with the view of some recent
historians that Chamberlain’s appeasement of Hitler at
Munich was NOT a mistake?
4.
“The First and Second World Wars were European civil
wars that required outside intervention to settle.” How
far do you agree with this quotation?
5.
Examine the extent to which guerilla warfare has been
successful since 1945 in any two wars each chosen
from a different region.
1.
In what ways did Truman’s policy of “limited warfare” in
Korea set the pattern of military conflict up to 1990?
2.
To what extent can it be said that the First World War
was caused by the alliance system?
3.
Evaluate the role of ideological differences in two civil
wars each chosen from a different region.
4.
In what ways and for what reasons have tactics
changed in twentieth century warfare?
5.
How valid is the claim that treaties are not necessary to
end wars? Support your answer with evidence from at
least two regions.
1.
Explain with specific examples from their work, how
artists have reacted to two of the following: Mexican
Revolution, Spanish Civil War, and Vietnam War
2.
Explain in what ways did the causes of the Second World
War differ from the causes of the First World War?
3.
Evaluate the importance of naval warfare in twentieth
century wars. Specific examples must be given from at
least two wars.
4.
Analyze the results of two wars, each chosen from a
different region.
5.
Assess the social and economic effects of one war on
two of the countries involved, in the ten years following
the end of the war.
1.
Explain with specific examples from their work, how
artists have reacted to two of the following: Mexican
Revolution, Spanish Civil War, and Vietnam War
2.
In what ways did the causes of the Second World War
differ from the causes of the First World War?
3.
Evaluate the importance of naval warfare in twentieth
century wars. Specific examples must be given from at
least two wars.
4.
Analyze the results of two wars, each chosen from a
different region.
5.
Assess the social and economic effects of one war on
two of the countries involved, in the ten years following
the end of the war.
Don’t forget this is a REGIONS exam:
Pay attention to the map and the question.
O If the question says “from two different regions” go back
to the cover and double check the map to your examples.
O People mess this up EVERY YEAR! Don’t be the one that
does it this year!
The Origins of the cold war:
Nature of the Cold War:
1.Ideology,
2.suspicion & fear
3.wartime allies to post war enemies.
1. Ideological opposition,
2. Superpowers & spheres of
influence,
3. Alliances and diplomacy
Development & Impact of the Cold War:
End of the Cold War:
1. Global spread from Europe,
2. Cold War policies of:
A. containment,
B. brinkmanship,
C. peaceful coexistence,
D. Détente
2. UN & non aligned movement
3. Role and Significant leaders
4. Arms race, proliferation & limitation
5. Social, cultural and economic impact
1. End of USSR,
2. Internal and external
problems/pressures,
3. Breakdown of Soviet control over
central and eastern Europe.
DETAILED STUDY:
O Wartime Conferences: Yalta & Potsdam
O U.S. Policies and developments in Europe
O Truman Doctrine & Marshall Plan, NATO
O Soviet Policies, Sovietization of East Europe
O COMECON, Warsaw Pact
O Sino-Soviet relations versus US-Chinese relations
O Proxy Wars
O Germany (Berlin 45-61) Congo (60-64) Afghanistan (79-88)
Korea, Cuba, Vietnam
O Important Leaders
O Castro, Gorbachev, Kennedy, Mao, Reagan, Stalin, Truman
You will write on ONE essay from Topic ___and ONE essay from Topic ___.
There will be five options per topic.
You cannot write two essays from the same topic. I said, YOU CANNOT
WRITE TWO ESSAYS FROM THE SAME TOPIC!
O You cannot guarantee any questions but past papers indicate some sort
of pattern!
O You can be judicious in choosing your favored topics.
What aspects of the two topics do you most want to write on?
O Topic __ - ________________________________
O Topic __ - ________________________________
What other aspects do you think you could do OK on?
O Topic __ - ________________________________
O Topic __- ________________________________
O Which wars are you most comfortable with to use as your SUPPORTING
EVIDENCE? Choose 3
O So that’s what you are going to study….
1.
Assess the significance for the development of the Cold War between 1945
and 1950 of three of the following:
a)
The Yalta Conference, 1945
b)
The Iron Curtain speech, 1946
c)
The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan, 1947
d)
The expulsion of Yugoslavia from the Soviet block, 1948
e)
The Berlin Blockade and Airlift, 1948-1949
f)
The formation of NATO, 1949.
2.
“A different kind of Cold War.” To what extent is this a valid statement about
the Cold War after 1953?
3.
Using specific examples, evaluate the successes and/or failures of
“Détente”.
4.
What role did economic issues play in ending the Cold War?
5.
“Ideological differences played only a minor role in the origin and
development of the Cold War.” How far do you agree with this statement?
1. Analyze the importance of spheres of interest for one of the
superpowers in the Cold War.
2. “The Cold War was caused by fear, not aggression.” To what extent
does this view explain how the Cold War developed between 1945
and 1949?
3. Examine the impact of the Cold War on educational developments in
two countries, each chosen from a different region.
4. Compare and contrast the aims and policies of the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization and the Warsaw Pact up to 1970.
5. For what reasons, and with what results, up to 1963, did the United
States adopt the policy known as “containment”?
1. Excluding the superpowers, assess the role of two countries in the
development of the Cold War after 1950.
2. Assess the importance in the development of the Cold War of two of
the following: the Yalta Conference; Berlin; the arms race; nonalignment; South East Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO).
3. Examine the impact of the Cold War on the social life and culture of
two countries each chosen from a different region.
4. How, and to what extent, did the conferences at Yalta and Potsdam
(1945) contribute to the origin of the Cold War?
5. “Although it began in Europe the spread of the Cold War to other
regions was a much more dangerous development.” To what extent
do you agree with this judgment?
1. How and why did the policies of either the USA or the USSR
affect superpower rivalry between 1950 and 1970?
2. In what ways were gender and social issues affected by the
Cold War?
3. Assess the importance of détente and internal opposition to
Communist rule in Communist countries, in ending the Cold
War
4. To what extent did events in the final year of the Second World
War turn wartime allies into Cold War enemies?
5. Compare and contrast the policies of the USA and the USSR
towards Korea between 1945 and 1955.
1.
Assess the impact of the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan
on the development of the Cold War between 1945 and
1961.
2.
In what ways, and to what extent, did the Cold War become
less confrontational after 1970?
3.
Assess the importance of social and economic issues in
causing opposition to communist regimes.
4.
“Ideological differences played little part in the origin of the
Cold War.” How far do you agree with this judgment?
5.
To what extent was Germany the cause of East/West
disagreements between 1943 and 1963?
1.
Define “superpower rivalry” and assess its importance in
international politics since 1945.
2.
Analyze the role of either Cuba or Vietnam in the development
of the Cold War.
3.
Compare and contrast the economic and social impact of the
Cold War on two countries, each chosen from a different
region.
4.
“The build up of missiles in Cuba in 1962 was a deliberate,
provocative and unjustified action.” To what extent do you
agree with this statement?
5.
What were the main social and cultural consequences of the
Cold War?
I’m out of advice
O Please know that you know how to do this. You have
been training for this for years in some manner or
another.
O There is a question somewhere for you to choose
from so find it and do the best you can. Do what you
can do and let the rest go.
O Of course we want all students to score perfect, but
at the end of the day, we am proud of you no matter
how this paper turns out.
Mrs. B and Mrs. G