E7. Promoting Dual Language Success in a Monolingual Classroom
Download
Report
Transcript E7. Promoting Dual Language Success in a Monolingual Classroom
Tracie Myers, Stacey Flanigan, and Katy Knudtson
Community Child Care Center, St. Paul
1
Walking into a new language…
2
Who We Are
Community Child Care Center
demographics
36 of 56 children are dual language learners
(home language other than English), additional
children have another language in the home
17 different languages that are always changing
○ Spanish, Portuguese, Mandarin, Ojibwe, Swahili,
Hebrew, Arabic, Tamil, Korean, Bengali,
Setswana, Hindi, Malayalam, Vietnamese, French,
Catalan, Punjabi
3
Different Programming Styles
Bilingual
Monolingual (English or another
language)
4
Population of DLLs in Schools
20% of U.S. population over age 5 speak a
language other than English at home (U.S.
Census Bureau, 2010)
Number has increased 140% in 30 years
Over 50% of U.S. schools serve at least
one DLL (NCES 2009)
14.1% of public elementary school
students are DLLs (NCES 2009)
6.5% of public secondary school students
are DLLs (NCES 2009)
5
Population of DLLs in Schools
2005: 29% of Head Start participants do
not speak English as first language
(Cheatham & Ro, 2010)
150 languages among U.S. DLL students
(Chen & Shire, 2011)
Predicted that by 2030s, 40% of K-12
students will have limited English
proficiency (Chen & Shire, 2011)
Only 15% of BA and 13% of AA ECE
teacher prep programs require a course on
working with DLLs (Gillanders, 2007)
6
What happens if we don’t serve
them?
Misassessment resulting in overreferrals for special needs, disabilities
(Brooks & Karathanos, 2009)
Results in an invisible, isolated
population of children whose identities
are ignored, stereotyped, or deemed in
need of fixing
7
Stages of Second Language
Acquisition
Using home language in classroom
Nonverbal Period
1.
2.
Going public with words/phrases
3.
4.
Child spends time observing
Socially irrelevant (on the sidelines)
Formulaic and Telegraphic Speech
Productive use
Full participant, fluent communicator
8
Individual Differences
Exposure
Age
Personality
Motivation
Simultaneous or Sequential Acquisition
Order of stages not set in stone, kids
can skip around, backtrack, etc.
9
Communicating at Play Time
How do kids use language with each
other at play time?
Negotiate
Join a game
Assign roles
Take turns
Persuade
10
Byong-Sun
How does this compare to a native
English speaker’s play?
Socially irrelevant
Double Bind
Can’t be social without the language, can’t
learn the language without being social
11
Strategies for ECE Professionals
Developing family-school partnerships
Designing classroom environment
Fostering positive teacher-child
relationships
Supporting positive peer interactions
12
Developing Family-School
Partnerships: Programming
Messages of welcome and support
Family intakes
Enrollment forms
Names
Policies and philosophies
Open-door policy
Sharing information and materials
Community events
13
Developing Family-School
Partnerships: Teachers
Family intake
Home language plan
Native language resources
Sharing information (curriculum, materials, etc.)
Get to know families as individuals, not as a
culture
14
Developing Family-School
Partnerships: Teachers
Home visits, conferences
Goals
Assessment
Authentic, dynamic assessment without
language
Discuss progress vs. results
Dialogue about language development
Invite families to share language/culture
in any way they are comfortable
15
Developing Family-School
Partnerships: Teachers
Families are your best resource!
They are the experts on their culture and
language, so developing partnerships
will help you and you will feel more
comfortable asking about it
16
Classroom Environment
Consistent schedule and routine
Circle Time Routines
Small group vs. Large group
Photo schedule
Safe havens
Individualized
communication tools
17
Classroom Environment
How does your family say “hello”?
Represent languages, cultures
Labels (materials, names)
Books, Read-along stories
Music
Toys/Supplies
Speak a few key words/phrases
18
19
Teacher-Child Relationship
Get to know the language, culture of child
Try a greeting word in the child’s home
language
Learn to pronounce the child’s name
Interact first without language—parallel
play, smiles, and space
Refer to child without speaking to him/her
directly (included in group, but no pressure
to respond)
Narrate the day with running commentary
20
Teacher-Child Relationship
Start slow, with a few key words in home
language
Interact with simple phrases supported
with gestures/visual aids
Repetition
Start with hear and now
Expand their communication
Keep expectations in check
21
Supporting Peer Interactions
Establish class mentors
Invite DLLs to play with you and into play
groups with other children
Small group instruction vs. large group
Model and supply language
Vocabulary words in context
Repeating in social negotiations
Child-centered activities that encourage
peer interaction
Intentional child placement
Safe havens
22
Contact Us
Tracie Myers, Director
[email protected]
Stacey Flanigan, Education Coordinator
[email protected]
Katy Knudtson, Preschool Teacher
[email protected]
Community Child Care Center
www.umncccc.org
23
Refences
Brooks, K. & Karathanos, K. (2009). Building on the cultural and linguistic capital of English
learner (EL) students. Multicultural Education, 16(4), 47-51.
Cheatham, G. A. & Ro, Y. E. (2010). Young English learners’ interlanguage as a context for
language and early literacy development. Young Children, 65(4), 18-23.
Chen, J. J. & Shire, S. H. (2011). Strategic teaching: Fostering communication skills in
diverse learners. Young Children, 66(2), 20-27.
Gillanders, C. (2007). An English-speaking prekindergarten teacher for young Latino
children: Implications of the teacher-child relationship on second language learning.
Early Childhood Education Journal, 35(1), 47-54.
National Center for Education Statistics. (2009). Characteristics of public, private, and
Bureau of Indian Education elementary and secondary schools in the United
States:Results from the 2007–08 Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES 2009-321).
Retrieved from
http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2009/2009321/tables/sass0708_2009321_s12n_02.asp
Nemeth, K. N. (2012). Basics of supporting dual language learners: An introduction for
educators of children from birth to age 8. Washington, D.C.: NAEYC.
Tabors, P. O. (2008). One child, two languages: A guide for early childhood educators of
children learning English as a second language. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing
Company.
U.S. Census Bureau. (2010). New Census Bureau report analyzes nation's linguistic
diversity: Population speaking a language other than English at home increases by 140
percent in past three decades (CB10-CN.58). Retrieved from
http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/american_community_survey_acs/c
b10-cn58.html
24