Transcript 3.01_Remember_the_structures_of_the_nervous_system

3.01 Remember the structures of
the nervous system
Essential Question

What are the structures of the nervous system?
3.01 Remember the structures of the
nervous system
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Introduction: Structures of the
nervous system
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nervous system
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Cellular structures of the nervous
system
Neuron- a nerve cell

Extensions of the neuron

Dendrites - many

Axon - one
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Cellular structures of the nervous
system
Neuron- a nerve cell


Myelin sheath - a
special covering of the
axon
Synapse – the space
between neurons
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nervous system
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Structures of the nervous system

Central nervous
system

Brain

Spinal cord
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nervous system
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Structures of the nervous system

Peripheral nervous
system


Nerves

Cranial nerves

Spinal nerves
Sensory receptors
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Structures of the
central nervous system:
BRAIN
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Structures of the
central nervous system: BRAIN

Cerebrum

Divided into two
hemispheres
(right and left)
Frontal lobe
 Occipital lobe
 Parietal lobe
 Temporal lobe

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Structures of the
central nervous system: BRAIN

Diencephalon
Located between the
cerebrum and the
midbrain
 Structures





Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pineal body
Pituitary gland
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Structures of the
central nervous system: BRAIN

Diencephalon
Thalamus – spherical mass of gray
matter; deep in the cerebral
hemispheres
 Hypothalamus – lies below the
thalamus; part of the limbic system
 Pineal body – endocrine system
gland
 Pituitary gland – endocrine
system gland

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nervous system
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Structures of the
central nervous system: BRAIN

Limbic system
Located in the center
of the brain
 Encircles the top of
the brain stem.


Composed of the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulated gyrus, and other
intricate structures. (Informational only for reference.)
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Structures of the
central nervous system: BRAIN

Cerebellum
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nervous system
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Structures of the
central nervous system: BRAIN
Brain stem
Midbrain
 Pons
 Medulla oblongata

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nervous system
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Structures of the
central nervous system: BRAIN

Meninges
Dura mater
 Outermost layer
 Arachnoid
 Middle layer
 Pia mater
 Innermost layer

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Structures of the
central nervous system: BRAIN

Ventricles - lined cavities
deep within the brain
 filled with cerebrospinal
fluid
 Choroid plexus – rich
network of blood vessels
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Structures of the
central nervous system:
Spinal Cord

Surrounded by the
vertebrae, meninges, and
cerebrospinal fluid
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nervous system
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Structures of the
central nervous system:
Spinal Cord

Peripheral
nervous system
12 cranial nerves
 31 pairs of spinal
nerves

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nervous system
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Structures of the
central nervous system

I. Olfactory

II. Optic
III. Oculomotor
IV. Trochlear
V. Trigeminal
VI. Abducens
VII. Facial
VIII. Vestibulocochlear
IX. Glossopharyngeal
X. Vagus
XI. Accessory
XII. Hypoglossal










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nervous system
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Structures of the
central nervous system

Peripheral
nervous system

31 pairs of spinal
nerves
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nervous system
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Structures of the
central nervous
system

Peripheral
nervous system
12 cranial nerves
 31 pairs of nervous

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nervous system
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Structures of the
central nervous system

Motor system
Autonomic
nervous system
 Sympathetic
nervous system
 Parasympathetic
nervous system
 Somatic nervous
system

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Structures of the
central nervous system
Autonomic nervous system

Sympathetic
nervous system


Extends from the base
of the brain, along both
sides of the spinal
column
These nerves connect
to all internal organs

Parasympathetic
nervous system


The vagus nerve
connects the medulla
with organs of the
upper body
The pelvic nerve
emerges from the
spinal cord and
connects with the
organs of the lower
body
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nervous system
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Structures of the
central nervous system
Somatic nervous system

These nerves are
located along the
spinal cord.

Connect skeleton,
muscles and joints
to the brain.
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Structures of the
central nervous system
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nervous system
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Structures of the nervous system
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nervous system
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Essential question

What are the structures of the nervous system?
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nervous system
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