Transcript EV Maintenance and Training Programs
Get Ready Central Florida Stakeholders Meeting
Overview of National Electric Vehicle Maintenance and Training Programs
Training Type
• •
EV – HEV – PHEV Technology
Informal – Books – Workshops/ seminars – Webinars – Hands-on due-it-yourself Formal – Business and Corporate Education – Credited Educational Units – University and College Degree – – Professional Education Trade Associations
Training Programs
• • • •
Automotive Industry (OEM in-house) Clubs and Associations
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Electric Auto Association
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Cal Start and California Energy Commission
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Electric Drive Transportation Association
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Plug-in American
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Plug-in Partners
– –
National Association of Fleet Administrators Electric Power Research Institute Federally funded program
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National Alternative Fuels Training Consortium
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Clean Cities Program
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National Laboratories National Standards Associations
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National Fire Protection Association
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Society of Automotive Engineer
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Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
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Automotive Service Excellence
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Underwriters Laboratory
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International Code Council
Formal Degrees
Graduate Automotive Technology Education (GATE)
• • • • • • • University of Alabama University of Illinois Virginia Polytechnic Ohio State University Pennsylvania State University University of Tennessee University of Michigan
National Research
U.S. Government Research Institutions
• • • • • • • • National Renewable Energy Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Argonne National Laboratory Idaho National Laboratory National Energy Technology Laboratory Oak Ridge National Laboratory Brookhaven National Laboratory Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Future Car
Clean Cities FuelEconomy.gov
Alternative Fuel Data Center
Maintenance
Types
• • • OEM factory - dealer Third party – repair shop - ASE Do-it-yourself
Maintenance
• • • • • Hybrid EVs with ICE are similar maintenance to conventional vehicles All-electric vehicle typically require less maintenance than conventional vehicles Braking systems typically last longer due to regenerative braking Electric System does not require scheduled maintenance Batteries have limited number of charging cycles based on chemistry as defined by OEM
Safety Programs
EV Standards and Codes for OEM
• • • • • • Must Meet Federal Motor Safety Standards by NHTSA – www.access.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_49/49cfr571_09.html
Current FMVSS Title 49 standard 305 – – www.nhtsa.gov/cars/rules/rulings/lsv/lsv.htm
Safe Car Designs – www.safercar.gov
Safety Citation – www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/pdfs/48605.pdf
Emergency – www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/pdfs/merit_review_2010/ technology_intergration/tiarravt036_klock_2010_o.pdf
NFPA EV safety – http://evsafetytraining.org
Safety Practices
EV Standards and Codes for OEM
• • • • • • • • Undergo the same testing as conventional vehicles Battery packs –encased, sealed, impact, stress Test – overcharge, vibration, temperature, fire, collision Wired for insulated high-voltage lines and color coded Damage – safety deactivate electric systems Limit electrolyte spillage from batteries during crash Charging disconnects motor starter when plugged-in Charging cable brake-away/disconnects from charger driving
Safety Design Factors: High-Voltage Systems
Classification Voltage Ranges
Color Coding for Electric Drive Vehicles (NAFTC)
Low Voltage DC ≤ 30V ________ Intermediate Voltage DC > 30 ≤ 60v __________ High Voltage DC > 60v _________ AC ≤ 15V AC > 15 ≤ 30v AC > 30v >>360 Has two separate electrical systems A low-voltage system (12-volt DC) powers the accessories and the SLI.
A high-voltage system (>60 volts) powers the motor generator (MG). The high-voltage system can be up to several hundred volts so never cut them.
Identification: Under the Hood
Under the hood, the voltage inverter will have decals or markings as indicated.
There may also be a marking or decal on the engine cover.
Wires will be color coded
NAFTC
Safety Design Factors:
High-Voltage Interlock Circuits Thermal Sensors High-Voltage GFCI circuit Inertia Switch High-Voltage fuse High-Voltage Service Disconnect High-Voltage Warning Labels
NAFTC
General Reminders
Even when the ICE is off, high voltage may be present.
The ICE may start at any time unless disabled. (smartkey) HEVs can be treated much like any other vehicle in an accident.
Disconnecting the 12 volt battery disables high-voltage controller
Note: Do not assume that the vehicle is immobile
just because there is no key in the ignition.
NAFTC
Crash and Fire Procedures
Vehicle fires can be handled like any conventional vehicle except in the case of a battery fire.
In the event of a battery fire of the high-voltage battery system, use large volumes of water to help to cool battery cells around the burning cells. Do not attempt to open the battery pack.
Use extreme caution when working in wet or damp areas
Do not cut any orange (high-voltage) cables.
Vehicle Occupant Safety
Primary risks are the same as a conventional vehicle.
The risk of exposure to toxic battery materials is low. Even in the event of catastrophic battery damage, the release of the electrolyte will be small.
In the event of exposure, flush with water.
Potential airbag deployment must be considered.
EV SDO
Grid-tied PV System EV Charger
Photovoltaics (PV)
In 2002, This is one of the PV buildings in the Million Solar Roofs Program charges an electric vehicle in New Smyrna Beach.
Questions?
Contact: Bill Young
Florida Space Coast Clean Cities Coalition c/o Florida Solar Energy Center/UCF 1679 Clearlake Road Cocoa, FL 32922 (321) 638-1443 www.clean-cities.org