Transcript 3-2key_to_exercises.ppt

New Horizon College English Book III
Key to Unit Two
Section A
Iron and the Effects of Exercise
Section B
Does Exercise Have Unexpected Benefits?
Exercises
Section A
《读写教程 III》: Ex. III, p. 36
1. Vocabulary
《读写教程 III》: Ex. IV, p. 37
《读写教程 III》: Ex. V, p. 38
2.Collocation
3. Word Building
《读写教程 III》: Ex. VI, p.39
《读写教程 III》: Ex. VII, p.40
《读写教程 III》: Ex. VIII, p. 40
4. Sentence Structure 《读写教程 III》: Ex. IX, p.41
《读写教程 III》: Ex. X, p. 42
4. Translation 《读写教程 III》: Ex. XI, p. 42
《读写教程 III》: Ex. XII, p. 43
5. Cloze
《读写教程 III》: Ex. XIII, p. 43
Vocabulary
III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where
necessary.
moderate
evidence
consume
restrict
calculate
typical
modify
sufficient
select
interfere
impact
advisable
remedy
derive
supplement
1.Church Mill, although of fairly moderate size compared with
some of its neighbors, is a delightful tow-story building of stone.
2.If your weight remains constant you must be using up all your
calories, but if you are gaining weight then some of the calories
you consume are being stored as fat.
3.I don't think it advisable that Tim be assigned the job since he
has no experience.
4.Meals also have to be modified from their original state so that
they will have a beneficial effect on the body.
5.His face was very red, which was a clear evidence of his fever.
moderate
evidence
consume
restrict
calculate
typical
modify
sufficient
select
interfere
impact
advisable
remedy
derive
supplement
6.Families with children tend to be restricted as to when they can
take their vacations.
7.They calculate that the aging population is adding one percent
yearly to health service costs.
8.In the case of a polluted river, the remedy lies in the hands of the
national government.
9.The change in leadership will have a huge impact on government
policy.
10.Given sufficient time, with other things remaining unchanged,
prices and wages would eventually be adjusted and full employment
may be achieved.
Vocabulary
IV. Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with the
expressions below that best keep the original meaning.
go up
at risk
out of breath
take in
sum up
derive from
throw up
bounce back
go to zoo
in general
up to
interfere with
1. He felt depressed when his suggestion was refused, but it didn’t take long
for him to feel OK again.
2. At the end of the class the teacher expressed briefly, the main points of
the lesson in three sentences.
3. As many as 1000 people attended the opening ceremony.
4. The children there are being put in danger every day because many care
workers still do not know how to protect them from HIV.
5. The spirit of the football team fell to its lowest after the team’s third
defeat.
1 bounce back 2 summed up 3 Up to
4 at risk 5 went to zero
Vocabulary
go up
at risk
out of breath
take in
sum up
derive from
throw up
bounce back
go to zoo
in general
up to
interfere with
6. The demand for iron increases as people do more physical exercises.
7. Unfortunately, your feelings about writing have some negative effects on
your ability to write.
8. These vitamins and minerals, ultimately coming from food, are the
necessary sources of energy for animals
9. In most cases, about 70% of graduates are offered positions upon
application.
10. It’s good to stand on top of the hill and have deep breaths of fresh air.
6 goes up
7 interfere with
8 derived from
9 In general
10 take in
Vocabulary
V. Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from
the Word Bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.
A)
E)
I)
M)
remedy
confess
advisable
number
Word Bank
B) heal
C) store
D) process
F) acknowledge
G) moderate
H) modest
J) absorbed
K) endurance
L) persistence
N) allowance
O) supplements
Women who exercise regularly need to be careful with what they eat.
Researchers have found evidence that even moderate exercise can result in
losing iron. They said that women who exercise regularly, especially in
endurance activities, typically lose iron. In order to prevent this from
becoming a problem, it is important that those women consume more meat or
take supplements to replace the iron lost. Those who do not bother to get
plentiful amounts of iron may begin to feel weak and tired. "If you can get the
recommended daily allowance of iron in your diet, you will probably perform
better," said one diet specialist. "One shortcoming of taking iron pills is that
1.G
2. K
3. O
4.N
Vocabulary
A)
E)
I)
M)
remedy
confess
advisable
number
Word Bank
B) heal
C) store
D) process
F) acknowledge
G) moderate
H) modest
J) absorbed
K) endurance
L) persistence
N) allowance
O) supplements
the pill form is not well absorbed and can sometimes make you sick. It is
preferable that you try to remedy the deficiency by getting more iron-rich
meats in your diet."
There are ways to help your body store away the iron it takes in. By getting
plenty of Vitamin C, your body is able to process, or use, the iron better.
Researchers acknowledge that everyone's body is different and the problem
will be less serious for some. Because it is impossible to decide whether or not
this could be a problem for you, health specialists say it is advisable to check
your iron levels. Even when you can't feel it, you may still have a problem.
5. J 6. A
7. C
8. D
9. F
10. I
Collocation
VI. Study the following words that can be modified by “practical” and
complete the sentences with them.
creativity
potential
quality
chance
interest
crime
pollution
strength
efficiency
cost
1. The steeply rising oil prices would increase the _____ of living for
the thousands and would hurt small businesses as well.
2. Inadequately controlled residential development will increase _____
and traffic congestion and consequently impair the public health,
safety, and welfare.
3. The educational systems aim to increase students’ ______ for future
career development.
4. These managers strive to improve the present working systems,
which will be more economic and will also increase the _______ of
customer service.
5. The medical treatment reduces any damage the heart attack might
have caused and appreciably increase the _____ of survival.
1 cost
2 pollution
3 potential
4 quality
5 chance
Collocation
creativity
potential
quality
chance
interest
crime
pollution
strength
efficiency
cost
6.The country experienced four years of recession, which escalated social
injustice and increased _______.
7. As some courses are pretty dull, it might be difficult for teachers to
increase the students’ _______ in the subject.
8. Our meetings have been particularly concerned with directors of the
various service groups on campus to increase operating ______ for all of
us by establishing a chain of supply and demand.
9. If you want to start your day with more energy, you have to increase
your _____ and endurance by taking part in exercises.
10. One of our teachers’ responsibilities is to promote originality and
increase ______ in our students.
6 crime 7 interest 8 efficiency
9 strength
10 creativity
World Building
VII. The suffix –ance or –ence can be added to some verbs to form nouns meaning
the act of doing something or something that is done.
allow + -ance → allowance
refer + -ence → reference
endure + -ance → endurance
prefer + -ence → preference
Study the following group of words formed with the suffix –ance and –ence and
complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.
appear
attend
hinder
utter
maintain
accept
perform
resist
occur
exist
+ -ance → appearance
+ -ance → attendance
+ -ance → hindrance
+ -ance → utterance
+ -ance → maintenance
+ -ance → acceptance
+ -ance → performance
+ -ance → resistance
+ -ence → occurerence
+ -ence → existence
World Building
1. She had an outward appearance of calm, but deep down she was
really worried.
2. Someone’s utterance are the things that they say.
3. We have an average attendance of an audience of 4,000 per game.
4.He would be more of a hindrance than a help to us.
5 The rule says that maintenance of peace and quiet is necessary in
a hospital.
6. Evidence shows that the girl had made resistance before she was
killed.
7. We are going to watch the evening performance a 8 o’clock this
Friday.
8. Environmental pollution threatens the existence of wild animals.
9. The chairman of the department felt it difficult to cope with
complaints that seemed to be an everyday occurrence.
10. In his acceptance speech for the Nobel Prize, he stressed the
inner conflict of man.
Sentence Structure
IX. Combine the following groups of sentences after the model, using an appositive.
Model:
The first and most common is having low iron reserves. It is a condition that
typically has no symptoms.
The first and most common is having low iron reserves, a condition that
typically has no symptoms.
1. Mr. Howe is my favorite professor. He has received a Distinguished
Teacher Award.
2. Yesterday I went fishing. This is something I hadn’t done in years.
1. Mr. Howe, my favorite professor, has received a
Distinguished Teacher Award.
2. Yesterday I went fishing, something I hadn’t done in years.
Sentence Structure
3. Some women are normally inactive but then all of a sudden start a
program of intense exercise. This action breaks the laws of sports
science.
4. Even a brief visit to Greece gives you a deep sense of its culture.
Greece is a modern country with ancient civilization .
5. The ancient Chinese were a people of inventors, discoverers,
philosophers, soldiers, poets, craftsmen, The ancient Chinese gave the
world many of its most useful things.
3. Some women are normally inactive but then all of a sudden start a
program of intense exercise, an action that breaks the laws of sports
science.
4. Even a brief visit to Greece, a modern country with ancient
civilization, gives you a deep sense of its culture.
5. The ancient Chinese, a people of inventors, discoverers,
philosophers, soldiers, poets, craftsmen, gave the world many of its
most useful things.
Sentence Structure
X . Combine the following groups of sentences after the model, using an
absolute structure..
Model:
The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three
hours showed a striking increase. The level went up nearly 30 times.
The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three
hours showed a striking increase, the level going up nearly 30 times.
1. His homework was done. His composition was written. Larry decided
to go and see the film.
1. His homework done, his composition written, Larry decided
to go and see the film.
Sentence Structure
2. The manager sat quietly in the office. His eyes were closed. He
waited for the telephone to ring.
3. The room was a mess. Empty bottles and beer cans were
everywhere.
4. When I walked in, Grandpa was sitting at the kitchen table. The
newspaper was spread before him.
5. Diana stood motionless at the end of the diving board. Tears
streamed down her cheeks.
2. The manager sat quietly in the office, (his) eyes closed, waiting for
the telephone to ring.
3. The room was a mess, empty bottles and beer cans (being)
everywhere.
4. When I walked in, Grandpa was sitting at the kitchen table, the
newspaper spread before him.
5. Diana stood motionless at the end of the diving board, tears
streaming down her cheeks.
Translation
XI. Translate the following sentences into English.
defendant
insist on
innocence
1. 被告是位年仅30岁的女子，她坚持称自己无罪。
1.The defendant, a women of only 30,kept insisting on her
own innocence.
Translation
all things considered
source of iron
2.总体看来，枣、豆类以及一些多叶的绿色蔬菜是最好的铁质来源。
green vegetables
2. All thing considered, date, bean and some leafy green
vegetables are the best source of iron.
Translation
serve
digestion
3.正餐时不供应饮料，饮料会影响消化。
interfere with
3. No beverages are served with meal because they interfere
with digestion.
Translation
take…into consideration
advisable
4.考虑到那个地区受欢迎的程度，提前订旅馆是明智的。
in advance
4.Taking the popularity of the region into consideration , it is
advisable to book hotels in advance.
Translation
as soon as possible
5.服药后若有呕感，请立即停止服用并尽快咨询医生。
throw up
consult
5. If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking
this drug , stop taking it immediately and consult your
doctor as soon as possible.
Translation
sum up
6.总结这次讨论时，他说双方都要好好考虑怎样以最有效的方法
来解决这一问题。
solve
the most effective way
6. Summing up the discussion ,he said both parties
should consider the most effective way to solve the
problem.
Translation
XI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1.
As a way to remedy iron deficiency, experts recommend
meat, chicken and fish, the best sources of iron, and the
only sources of the form of iron most readily absorbed
by the body.
2. Iron reserves gone to zero, you feel weak, tired and out
of breath, which is the typical symptom of the third
stage of iron deficiency
1.作为补救缺铁的一种办法，专家推荐食用肉、鸡和鱼，它们是
最好的铁质来源，也是唯一最容易被身体吸收的铁质来源。
2.铁质储量为零时，你会觉得虚弱，疲乏无力，喘不过气，这是
缺铁第三阶段的典型症状。
Translation
3. Endurance athletes, particularly females, who frequently
have iron deficiency, may bounce back if they consume
additional meat or take iron supplements
4. According to the sports medicine expert, it is advisable
for those who suffer from fatigue and poor performance
to eat red meat, which contains the most easily absorbed
form of iron.
3. 耐力运动员，尤其是女性，经常会缺铁，如果增食肉类食物或服用铁
质补剂，能够恢复到健康状态。
4. 这位运动医学专家认为，感到劳累、工作效率差的人，最好食用牛肉、
羊肉，它们含有最易被吸收的铁质。
Translation
5. People with low iron reserves should consult a physician to
see if the deficiency should be corrected by modifying
their diet or by taking supplements.
6. In general, if you ignore the amount of iron you take in
and do not pay attention to warning signs before iron
reserves are gone, you will be in trouble.
5. 铁质储量低的人应该去咨询医生，看看是否应通过调整饮食或服用铁质
补剂来校正不足。
6. 一般说来，如果你忽视自己摄入的铁质含量，不在铁质储备失去之前注
意警告信号，你会有危险。
Cloze
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
XII. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word or phrase
to fill in each blank.
A. took down
B. took in
C. took on
D. took up
A. praised
B. favored
C. reaped
D. for
A. at
B. in
C. by
D. for
A. inspired
B. disappointed
C. awarded
D. rewarded
A. compatibly
B. advisably
C. agreeably
D. considerably
A. to
B. for
C. by
D. with
A. endurance
B. evidence
C. supplement
D. allowance
Jim Fixx had been a heavy smoker and weighed 214 pounds when he took
up running in the 1960s. He soon reaped the benefits from running. His
weight decreased by 60 pounds by the time his book, The Complete Book Of
Running, was published. His book inspired millions of people. In his book and
on television talk shows, he extolled the benefits of physical exercise and how
it considerably increased the average people’s life expectancy. His readers
and audience became more health-conscious. However , to their shock, Fixx
died at the age of 52 after his daily run. Many who opposed his beliefs said
this was evidence that running was harmful. However, his supporters
1D 2C 3C 4A 5D 6A 7B
Cloze
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
A. rewrote
A. obtained
A. Despite
A. acknowledges
A. consequence
A. explicitly
A. However
A. extreme
B. revised
B. sustained
B. Given
B. pledges
B. impact
B. singularly
B. Furthermore
B. modest
C. reversed
C. suffered
C. For
C. communicates
C. weight
C. commonly
C. Moreover
C. extensive
D. revealed
D. surpassed
D. Because of
D. apologizes
D. press
D. particularly
D. Also
D. moderate
revealed that the real cause of Fixx’s death was a heart attack. He came from
a family where men had poor health stories. His father suffered a heart
attack at the age of 35 and died of one at 42. Given Fixx’s unhealthy lifestyle
until he took up running, many argued that running added many years to his life.
“Running does have its shortcomings,” Acknowledges heart specialist Paul
Thomas, in a recent medical journal. “The impact can be hard on your knees.
Runners are more at risk during their training, particularly if they run
marathons. However, the news for runners isn’t all bad. Evidence suggests in
spite of its shortcomings, moderate amount of running exercise can actually
8 D 9 C 10 B 11 A 12 B 13 D 14 A 15 D
16)
17)
18)
19)
20)
A. result in
A. took up
A. As for
A. remedy
A. likelihood
B. keep to
B. held up
B. As to
B. outcome
B. chance
C. hold on
C. put up
C. As with
C. reward
C. opportunity
D. come about
D. summed up
D. As
D. award
D. probability
result in a longer, improved life.”
Dr. Dale Macdonald, a certified Strength and Conditioning specialist once
summed up a discussion by saying, “As with all athletic endeavors,
running comes with both great reward and inherent risk. More than 60%
of runners will suffer an injury that causes them to take time off running—
each year!” He also said that improving one’s balance can reduce the
likelihood of injury.
16 A
17 D
18 C
19 C
20 A
Section B
Exercises
III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
imply
multiply
concentrate
exhibit
strengthen
equip
obstacle
speculate
mood
revise
possess
complicated
logical
stem
reduction
1.“Are you implying that I have something to do with those
attacks, ”she asked coldly.
2.Though complicated in detail, local taxes are in essence simple.
3. Corruption is major obstacle to economic development. That is
why the government of all nations take tough measures against it.
4. When the new paintings were exhibited at the museum, the
number of people visiting the museum doubled.
5. The new generation would be more intelligent, enjoy better health,
and possess more energy.
Vocabulary
imply
multiply
concentrate
exhibit
strengthen
equip
obstacle
speculate
mood
revise
possess
complicated
logical
stem
reduction
6.The number of people investing in stocks has multiplied because the
stock has kept going up.
7. The school aims to equip students to deal with the kind of problems
they will face in the outside world.
8. It would be useless to speculate what might have been achieved
had these two separate teams been unable to work hand in hand.
9. I’m sick of all the quarrelling among politicians who should be
concentrating on vital issues.
10.The company plans to strengthen its position in Europe by opening
an office in Spain.
Vocabulary
IV. Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with the expressions
below that best keep the original meaning.
benefit from
separate into
engage in
a succession of
stem from
in response to
focus on
attribute to
in the same way that
apply to
go through
in contrast (to)
be associated with in addition to
1. Computers can be used for a far wider range of tasks, including
linguistic studies.
2. As an answer to your inquiry about the possibility of coming to our
school as a visiting scholar, I have the following opinions for you
to consider.
3. People are now aware that iron deficiency has something to do
with one’ daily diet.
applied to
In response to
is associated with
Vocabulary
benefit from
separate into
engage in
a succession of
stem from
in response to
focus on
attribute to
in the same way that
apply to
go through
in contrast (to)
be associated with in addition to
4. His public statements have always been different from his
private opinions.
5. Physical activity is beneficial to the brain just as mental activity
is to it.
6. The fall in the number of deaths from heart disease is generally
believed to be brought about by improvements in diet.
7. There are three stages to complete to improve his iron status.
in contrast to
in the same way that
attributed to
go through
Vocabulary
benefit from
separate into
engage in
a succession of
stem from
in response to
focus on
attribute to
in the same way that
apply to
go through
in contrast (to)
be associated with in addition to
8. They came close to begging all scientists to refuse to carry out
military research but then backed off at the last moment.
9. But I have gotten much help from having a stable, normal home
life in the country.
10. Most of the criticism directed at me is the result of the stand
that I have taken in the past.
engage in
benefited greatly from
stems from