Transcript Laura Morse, Michal Gindi, Amira Aaron

NEXT STEPS FOR INCREASING PCI COVERAGE
How Libraries Can Help
Amira Aaron, Northeastern University
Laura Morse, Harvard University
Michal Gindi, Ex Libris
IGeLU 2015
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CONTENT NEUTRALITY & DISCOVERY SYSTEMS
WHAT IS THE MAJOR ISSUE FOR LIBRARIES?
A&I INDEXES
NISO OPEN DISCOVERY INITIATIVE
EX LIBRIS GOALS FOR PCI COVERAGE
WHAT CAN LIBRARIES DO TO HELP?
NEXT STEPS FOR INCREASING PCI COVERAGE
HOW LIBRARIES CAN HELP
Overview
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• A discovery system needs an intuitive interface, a good
relevancy ranking program, functioning
availability/delivery information – but ultimately it is only
as good as the content covered by the system
• Because discovery systems rely on harvested content from
content providers, it is critical that they receive rich
metadata and content from the content providers on a
timely basis!
• All content providers (including aggregators) need to
provide rich quality data to all discovery systems equally!
• Many content providers/aggregators are not working
effectively to support customer needs at this time.
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Content is Key to Success
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• Libraries are traditionally neutral in presenting the best
content to their users based on professional expertise and
financial realities
• Libraries are paying significant money to purchase or lease
content from content providers
• Libraries are also paying large amounts for discovery
systems and investing in significant staff time
• Libraries have always had choice in what content they
purchase or lease and how they present this content to
their patrons
• This choice is being taken away by some content providers
& vendors
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Content Neutrality
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Assertion:
Libraries have the right to
choose the system/platform by
which their users discover
licensed, paid content
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Library Rights
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• Metadata is their value; should they give it away?
• Fear of cancellations due to discovery systems
• Results are merged with no “credit” given for citation &
no usage stats.
• Results not as targeted; metadata searching not as
effective
• A& I index providers being pressured for expensive,
exclusive deals with aggregators and also being
dissuaded from contributing to all discovery systems
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A & I Services – Provider Concerns
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• A & I content value is diminished if not indexed in
discovery system. If not in discovery systems, it is invisible
to certain researcher types
• Large group of users will still not use multiple databases – especially
undergraduates
• Low use content (full text, A &I services) is under review for
cancellation at many institutions. Exposure via discovery
services would lead to increased use.
• Some dedicated A & I services are still important for graduate
students and faculty. Due to high use they are not likely to be
cancelled, but lack of exposure to new researchers may lead to
diminished use over time.
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A & I Services – Library Business Needs
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• Search of A & I content and delivery can be restricted to
subscribers
• Discovery providers need to all work on developing
features to highlight the source database and recommend
best databases for a search
• Discovery providers need to add more sophisticated
metadata searching, especially subjects
• Early data from content providers shows increased use
after exposure in discovery systems
• We need to organize conversations among all parties and
foster collaboration; libraries need to talk directly to A & I
index providers
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A & I Services – Addressing Concerns
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• Based on a meeting at ALA Annual Conference in New
Orleans on Sunday, June 26, 2011. Recognition of the
following trends and issues:
• Emergence of Library Discovery Services solutions
• Based on index of a wide range of content
• Commercial and open access
• Primary journal literature, e-books, and more
• Adopted by thousands of libraries around the world, and
impact millions of users
• Agreements between content providers and discovery
providers ad-hoc, not representative of all content, and
opaque to customers.
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HOW LIBRARIES CAN HELP
NISO Open Discovery Initiative
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• Define ways for libraries to assess the level of content
providers’ participation in discovery services
• Help streamline the process by which content providers
work with discovery service vendors
• Define models for “fair” linking from discovery services to
publishers’ content
• Determine what usage statistics should be collected for
libraries and for content providers
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NISO ODI – Goals
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• On June 26th, 2014, ODI Working Group published
NISO RP-19-2014, Open Discovery Initiative: Promoting
Transparency in Discovery
• Vocabulary
• NISO Recommended Practice
• Mechanism to evaluate conformance with
recommended practice
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NISO ODI – Recommended Practice
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• What it is . . . .
• A technical recommendation outlining data elements to
be exchanged, including recommendations for data
formats, method of delivery, usage reporting, frequency
of updates and rights of use
• A way for libraries to assess content providers’
participation in discovery services
• A model by which content providers work with discovery
service vendors via fair and unbiased indexing and
linking
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NISO ODI – Recommended Practice
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• Why it matters . . . .
• Simplifies the process of data exchange between
participating discovery vendors and content providers
• Ensures participating discovery vendors are following
fair and unbiased indexing and linking practices
• Mitigates technical and legal issues that might hinder
broader participation by content providers or potential
discovery service creators
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NISO ODI – Recommended Practice
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• Participation – provide core metadata as well as fulltext/original content and enriched content
• Core metadata elements – basic citation metadata
(author, title, publisher, date, type, format, etc)
• Enriched content – indexing data (included A&I data
like subject headings), full text or transcript,
abstracts/description
• Disclosure – provide information to libraries related to
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NISO ODI – RP Highlights for Content
Providers
level of participation
• Technical formats – use existing standards to facilitate
data exchange
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• Disclosure – provide key information in a
consistent, usable form to libraries about content
indexed to facilitate evaluation
• Linking – linking and relevancy methods should
not introduce bias to particular content providers;
libraries should determine linking choices; annual
disclosure related to neutrality
• Data transfer – use existing protocols and provide
documentation, preferences, and indication on
impact on different processes to content providers
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NISO ODI – RP Highlights for Discovery
Providers
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• Formed summer of 2014.
• Following the ODI Recommended Practice
document as our guide, this standing ODI
committee has the following responsibilities:
• to promote educational opportunities about adoption of
these recommended practices
• to provide support for content providers and discovery
providers during adoption (including championship of
self-check conformance lists)
• to provide a forum for ongoing discussion related to all
aspects of discovery platforms for all stakeholders
(content providers, discovery providers, libraries), and
• to determine timing for next steps for ongoing work
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NISO ODI – Standing Committee
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Libraries
Marshall Breeding, Independent Consultant
Laura Morse, Harvard University
Jason Price, SCELC
Ken Varnum, University of Michigan
Dave Whisenant, Florida Virtual Campus
Publishers
Lettie Conrad, SAGE Publications
Michael McFarland, Credo Reference
Jill O’Neill, NFAIS
Elise Sassone, Springer
Aaron Wood, Ingram Content Group
Julie Zhu, IEEE
Service Providers
Scott Bernier, EBSCO Information Services
Steven Guttman, ProQuest
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NISO ODI – Standing Committee Roster
Rachel Kessler, Ex Libris
John McCullough, OCLC
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• Working to promote the Best Practice and ODI initiatives
for all stakeholder groups
• Conferences & Webinars – providing updates about ODI
activities and opportunities for dialog
• Communication streams
• Twitter – please follow NISO_ODI
• Regular email communications – sign up for ODI Discussion list
http://www.niso.org/lists/opendiscovery/
• Coming Soon – brochure summarizing the key points of the best
practice
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NISO ODI – Education
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• Ensure that technology is not a barrier to participation in
ODI
• Focus on outstanding items outlined in the recommended
practice
• APIs
• Linking
• Usage reporting
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NISO ODI – Technology
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• Provide support for content providers and discovery
providers during adoption
• Conformance Checklists
• Content Provider
• Discovery Service Provider
• Conformance Statement Directory
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http://www.niso.org/workrooms/odi/conformance/
Credo
EBSCO
Ex Libris
IEEE
ProQuest
Sage Publication
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NISO ODI – Conformance
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• Engage with to A & I Services and discovery providers to
identify conformance challenges and opportunities
• Provide support to content providers and discovery
providers releasing Conformance Statements
• Create materials for libraries to guide advocacy for ODI
Recommended Practice conformance with content
providers and discovery providers
• Work with Discovery 2 Delivery Committee to identify new
work items from The Future of Library Resource
Discovery white paper
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NISO ODI – Current Initiatives
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• Review NISO RP-19-2014, Open Discovery Initiative:
Promoting Transparency in Discovery
Download NISO RP-19-2014 PDF
• Keep up to date with ODI work
www.niso.org/workrooms/odi/
• Encourage content providers and vendors to truly adopt
ODI principles & honestly disclose conformance
information
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NISO ODI – Current Initiatives
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Ex Libris’ Open Discovery Conformance Statement
Recommendation
Primo
Compliance
Gaps
Content listing for library
customers
1 - Partial
Title level list
Linking and ranking neutrality
6 - Full
Usage metrics to content providers
3 - Full
1 - Partial
# of click-throughs
Usage metrics to libraries
2 - Full
2 - Partial
1- No
# unique visitors/month
Top 500 search queries
Top 100 referring URLs
•
Primo already complies with most of the requirements
•
Remaining gaps to be closed by Q1 2016
•
Open Discovery Conformance Statement available here
© 2015 Ex Libris | Confidential & Proprietary
Primo Central Index Strategy
Primo Central Index Status
• > 1 billion items under agreement
• 920M items indexed
• 1684 collections indexed
• > 300 information providers
© 2015 Ex Libris | Confidential & Proprietary
Ex Libris – ProQuest Collaboration
Increasing Customer
ROI for Subscriptions
Increased use of
ProQuest materials
that are indexed in
Primo Central
© 2015 Ex Libris | Confidential & Proprietary
Improving Content
Discoverability:
Non-Restricted Search
Metadata of full-text
databases to be
discoverable in Primo
Central, regardless of
customer subscriptions
Integration with
Coutts
• Enabling real-time
acquisitions
• Alma Community
Zone to be enriched
with ProQuest data
Primo Central Index Strategy
Content Expansion
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NERS Voting, customer requests
Long tail completion
Metadata enhancement
Regional Content
Open Access Content
Quality Enhancements
• Metadata
• Facets
• Virtual merged records
Technology Enhancements
• Entity extraction
• Citation trail
© 2015 Ex Libris | Confidential & Proprietary
Primo Central Index Content Strategy
TECHNICAL REPORTS
RESEARCH DATA
VIDEO
REFERENCE MATERIALS
STANDARDS
A&I DATABASES
JOURNAL ARTICLES
E-BOOKS, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS,
DISSERTATIONS AND THESES
K-12 MATERIALS | PUBLIC LIBRARY
MATERIALS | NEWS & NEWSPAPER
COLLECTIONS
© 2015 Ex Libris | Confidential & Proprietary
Primo Central Index Content Expansion
NERS Voting Results
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© 2015 Ex Libris | Confidential & Proprietary
PsycINFO
Lexis Nexis
MathSciNet
American Chemical Society
HeinOnline
Philosopher's Index
Journals@Ovid
The Cochrane Library
EBSCO eBooks and Audiobooks
Gale Virtual Reference Library
Primo Central Index Content Expansion
Long Tail Completion
• Legal Material: periodicals (Law Reviews)
and ebooks (Monographs/Treatises) from
publishers such as Westlaw, Hein, and
Wolters Kluwer
• Other full-text DBs: OpticInfo, OnePetro,
Safari Books Online
• Videos: Facts on File, Films on Demand
• A&I DBs: ATLA, RILM, BIOSIS, Inspec,
Philosopher‘s Index, Avery Index, Web of
Science (deeper indexing)
• Technical Reports: National Technical
Information Service (NTIS)
© 2015 Ex Libris | Confidential & Proprietary
Primo Central Index Content Expansion
Metadata Enhancements
• A&I DBs: PsycINFO, CINAHL, EconLit, CAB
Abstracts
• Full Text DBs: American Chemical Society
Journals, Wolters Kluwer LWW Books
• Reference Materials: Gale Virtual Reference
Library (GVRL)
© 2015 Ex Libris | Confidential & Proprietary
Primo Central Index Content Expansion
Regional Content
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© 2015 Ex Libris | Confidential & Proprietary
China
France
Germany
Italy
Japan
The Netherlands
Primo Central Index Strategy
Content Expansion
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•
•
NERS Voting, customer requests
Long tail completion
Metadata enhancement
Regional Content
Open Access Content
Quality Enhancements
• Metadata
• Facets
• Virtual merged records
Technology Enhancements
• Entity extraction
• Citation trail
© 2015 Ex Libris | Confidential & Proprietary
The Process of Making Data Available in Primo
Central
• Background research on each resource
– Existing requests for this resource?
– Alternative coverage—via other resources—already available?
– Satisfactory data quality?
• Contacting the information provider
– Seeking permission to index the content
– Discussing scope and depth of content to be indexed
– Signing an agreement (where required)
• Preparing data for load into Primo Central
– Technical analysis on data samples
– Data-massaging where required (incl. data normalization)
– Test loads and QA
– Complete data load
– Release to Primo Central Index users
© 2015 Ex Libris | Confidential & Proprietary
Quality Enhancements
Continuous improvement of normalization rules
(e.g. author names and dates)
Changes come into effect for existing data over time, with every
reload of collections
Changes are immediately applied for new data sets
Many of the big collections have already been reloaded, resulting
in increased accuracy of certain types of searches (e.g. for
authors)
Currently working on increased normalization for specific areas
(e.g. material type)
© 2015 Ex Libris | Confidential & Proprietary
What can libraries do to help?
• Contacting publishers members have voted as high priority
for inclusion in discovery services.
• Letter notes ELUNA & IGeLU fully endorse the tenets of best
practice, including section 3.2.1.1:
• 1. Content providers should make available to discovery service providers
core metadata, and underlying full-text/original content for complete
offerings, for the purposes of indexing to meet licensed customers’ and
authenticated end users’ needs.
• 2. To this aim, all content providers should make available to discovery
service providers, at a minimum, the core set of metadata elements (see
3.2.1.2) for each item they submit for indexing.
• 3. Content providers should provide the content item (full text, transcript,
etc.) and additional descriptive content (abstract/description and controlled
and/or uncontrolled keywords) (see 3.2.1.3), for as much of their content as
possible
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ELUNA & IGeLU ODI Support and Advocacy
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• Letters also:
• Request that vendors publicly disclose conformance statement (if
not already done)
• Request that vendors become fully compliant as soon as possible
• Remind vendors that ODI does not make provision for demanding
additional goods or services in return for contributing metadata to
discovery systems
• Have contacted EBSCO, Hein, and Philosophers Index
• Watch the ELUNA and IGeLU lists for more information and
opportunities to participate in petitions.
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ELUNA & IGeLU ODI Support and Advocacy
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• Advocate for change!
• in writing and at meetings for collaboration and to end exclusivity in
any form
• for Open Access and participate in initiatives
• Set up professional meetings with publishers and vendors,
especially A & I vendors, to discuss the benefits of collaboration,
the realities of discovery systems, and the needs of the scholarly
communication chain
• Educate the faculty and scholars about the issue
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What Can Libraries Do?
• Participate in and follow standards activities and their
implementation
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• Support vendors/publishers who collaborate and those
who follow NISO ODI guidelines
• Try to get neutral discovery options in licenses – see new
revised LIBLICENSE model license
• Put our money where it counts and advocate for our
users!
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What Can Libraries Do?
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• 5.1.b. Discovery of Licensed Materials. Licensor shall make
the Licensed Materials available through Licensee’s
Discovery Service System(s) for indexing and discovery
purposes. Licensor shall provide to Licensee’s discovery
service vendors on an ongoing basis the citation and
complete descriptive metadata (including all subject
headings, abstracts, and keywords), and full-text content
necessary to facilitate optimal discovery and accessibility
of the content for the benefit of Licensee and Authorized
Users. Discovery Service Systems are defined as user
interface and search systems for discovering and displaying
content from local, database and web-based sources.
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HOW LIBRARIES CAN HELP
Revised LIBLICENSE Model License Agreement –
CRL, ARL, CLIR, CDL, etc.
November 2014
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• 5.1.p. Itemized Holdings List…. Licensor will use reasonable
efforts to update itemized holdings reports as soon as is
practicable when holdings information changes, and will
provide this information to Discovery Service Systems in a
–
timely manner and to Licensee on request.
NEXT STEPS FOR INCREASING PCI COVERAGE
HOW LIBRARIES CAN HELP
Revised LIBLICENSE Model License
Agreement – CRL, ARL, CLIR, CDL, etc.
November 2014
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• Amira Aaron, Northeastern University
[email protected]
• Michal Gindi, Ex Libris
[email protected]
• Laura Morse, Harvard University
[email protected]
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HOW LIBRARIES CAN HELP
Thank You!
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