Transcript A yo-yo
Physics 7C lecture 13
Rigid body rotation
Tuesday November 12, 8:00 AM – 9:20 AM
Engineering Hall 1200
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Applying a torque
• Torque:
• τ=r×F
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Torque and angular acceleration for a rigid body
• The rotational analog of Newton’s second law for a
rigid body is z =Iz.
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Another unwinding cable
• What is the angular
acceleration,
assuming uniform
disk?
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Another unwinding cable
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Q10.5
A glider of mass m1 on a frictionless horizontal track is connected
to an object of mass m2 by a massless string. The glider accelerates
to the right, the object accelerates downward, and the string rotates
the pulley. What is the relationship among T1 (the tension in the
horizontal part of the string), T2 (the tension in the vertical part of
the string), and the weight m2g of the object?
A. m2g = T2 = T1
B. m2g > T2 = T1
C. m2g > T2 > T1
D. m2g = T2 > T1
E. none of the above
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A10.5
A glider of mass m1 on a frictionless horizontal track is connected
to an object of mass m2 by a massless string. The glider accelerates
to the right, the object accelerates downward, and the string rotates
the pulley. What is the relationship among T1 (the tension in the
horizontal part of the string), T2 (the tension in the vertical part of
the string), and the weight m2g of the object?
A. m2g = T2 = T1
B. m2g > T2 = T1
C. m2g > T2 > T1
D. m2g = T2 > T1
E. none of the above
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Rigid body rotation about a moving axis
• The motion of a rigid body is a
combination of translational
motion of the center of mass and
rotation about the center of mass.
• The kinetic energy of a rotating
and translating rigid body is
K = 1/2 Mvcm2 + 1/2 Icm2.
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Rigid body rotation about a moving axis
• What’s the center-of-mass’s
motion?
• What’s the motion around
center-of-mass?
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Rolling without slipping
• The condition for rolling without slipping is vcm = R.
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A yo-yo
• Find the angular
speed of yo-yo.
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A yo-yo
• Find the angular
speed of yo-yo.
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Q10.6
A lightweight string is wrapped
several times around the rim of a
small hoop. If the free end of the
string is held in place and the hoop
is released from rest, the string
unwinds and the hoop descends.
How does the tension in the string
(T) compare to the weight of the
hoop (w)?
A. T = w
B. T > w
C. T < w
D. not enough information given to decide
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A10.6
A lightweight string is wrapped
several times around the rim of a
small hoop. If the free end of the
string is held in place and the hoop
is released from rest, the string
unwinds and the hoop descends.
How does the tension in the string
(T) compare to the weight of the
hoop (w)?
A. T = w
B. T > w
C. T < w
D. not enough information given to decide
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The race of the rolling bodies
• These objects have the same mass. Which would
acquire the largest speed at the bottom?
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The race of the rolling bodies
• These objects have the same mass. Which would
acquire the largest speed at the bottom?
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Acceleration of a yo-yo
• We have translation and rotation, so we use Newton’s
second law for the acceleration of the center of mass
and the rotational analog of Newton’s second law for
the angular acceleration about the center of mass.
• Find the acceleration.
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Acceleration of a yo-yo
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Q10.7
A solid bowling ball rolls
down a ramp.
Which of the following forces
exerts a torque on the bowling
ball about its center?
A. the weight of the ball
B. the normal force exerted by the ramp
C. the friction force exerted by the ramp
D. more than one of the above
E. The answer depends on whether the ball rolls without
slipping.
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A10.7
A solid bowling ball rolls
down a ramp.
Which of the following forces
exerts a torque on the bowling
ball about its center?
A. the weight of the ball
B. the normal force exerted by the ramp
C. the friction force exerted by the ramp
D. more than one of the above
E. The answer depends on whether the ball rolls without
slipping.
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Acceleration of a rolling sphere
• Find the acceleration.
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Acceleration of a rolling sphere
• Find the acceleration.
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Rolling without slipping
• The condition for rolling without slipping is vcm = R.
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Q10.8
A yo-yo is placed on a horizontal
surface as shown. There is
sufficient friction for the yo-yo to
roll without slipping. If the string
is pulled to the right as shown,
F
A. the yo-yo rolls to the right.
B. the yo-yo rolls to the left.
C. the yo-yo remains at rest.
D. The answer depends on the magnitude F of the pulling
force compared to the magnitude of the friction force.
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A10.8
A yo-yo is placed on a horizontal
surface as shown. There is
sufficient friction for the yo-yo to
roll without slipping. If the string
is pulled to the right as shown,
F
A. the yo-yo rolls to the right.
B. the yo-yo rolls to the left.
C. the yo-yo remains at rest.
D. The answer depends on the magnitude F of the pulling
force compared to the magnitude of the friction force.
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Q10.10
F
A yo-yo is placed on a horizontal
surface as shown. There is
sufficient friction for the yo-yo to
roll without slipping. If the string
is pulled straight up as shown,
A. the yo-yo rolls to the right.
B. the yo-yo rolls to the left.
C. the yo-yo remains at rest.
D. The answer depends on the magnitude F of the pulling
force compared to the magnitude of the friction force.
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A10.10
F
A yo-yo is placed on a horizontal
surface as shown. There is
sufficient friction for the yo-yo to
roll without slipping. If the string
is pulled straight up as shown,
A. the yo-yo rolls to the right.
B. the yo-yo rolls to the left.
C. the yo-yo remains at rest.
D. The answer depends on the magnitude F of the pulling
force compared to the magnitude of the friction force.
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Q10.9
A yo-yo is placed on a horizontal
surface as shown. There is
sufficient friction for the yo-yo to
roll without slipping. If the string
is pulled to the right as shown,
A. the yo-yo rolls to the right.
B. the yo-yo rolls to the left.
C. the yo-yo remains at rest.
D. The answer depends on the magnitude F of the pulling
force compared to the magnitude of the friction force.
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F
A10.9
A yo-yo is placed on a horizontal
surface as shown. There is
sufficient friction for the yo-yo to
roll without slipping. If the string
is pulled to the right as shown,
A. the yo-yo rolls to the right.
B. the yo-yo rolls to the left.
C. the yo-yo remains at rest.
D. The answer depends on the magnitude F of the pulling
force compared to the magnitude of the friction force.
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F
Q10.9
A yo-yo is placed on a horizontal
surface as shown. There is
sufficient friction for the yo-yo to
roll without slipping. If the string
is pulled to the right as shown,
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F
Work and power in rotational motion
• A tangential force applied to a rotating body does work on it.
• The total work done on a body by the torque is equal to the
change in rotational kinetic energy of the body and the power due
to a torque is P = zz.
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Work and power in rotational motion
• P = zz.
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