Transcript Technical Methods 406 -GTM-

METHODS OF LANGUAGE
TEACHING
By: Ms. Reem
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NCH0
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Methods of language teaching include:
1) Grammar-translation approach
2) Direct approach
3) Reading approach
4) Audiolingual method
5) Community language learning
6) Suggestopedia
7) The silent way
8) Total physical response
9) The natural way
10) Communicative language teaching
The methods that will be studied are:
Grammar translation method
Direct Method.
Audiolingual Method.
Communicative Language Teaching
Approach.
Silent Way.
The Natural Method.
Total Physical response.
Community Language Learning.
suggestopedia.
Outline for the approaches of language teaching
 Grammar Translation Written literary texts .
Translate from English into your native language .
 Direct Method (also called Natural Method) Everyday
spoken language .
Student learns by associating meaning directly in English .
 Audio-Lingual Method Sentence and sound patterns
Listening and speaking drills and pattern practice only in
English.
Cognitive Code Approach Grammar rules .
English grammar rules deduced and then understood in
context .
Outline for the approaches of language teaching
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The Silent Way : Student interaction rather than teacher
Teacher is silent to allow student awareness of how English works
 - Suggestopedia: Meaningful texts and vocabulary
Relaxed atmosphere, with music; encourages subliminal learning of
English
 - Community Language Learning: Student interaction
Understanding of English through active student interaction
 - Comprehension Approach (Natural Approach, and Total
Physical Response) Listening comprehension
English speaking delayed until students are ready; meaning clarified
through actions and visuals
 Communicative Language Teaching Interaction, authentic
communication and negotiating meaning
Understanding of English through active student interaction; role play,
games, information gaps
What is the best teaching method for
learning English?
 According to academic research, linguists have demonstrated that there
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is not one single best method for everyone in all contexts, and that
no one teaching method is inherently superior to the others.
Also, it is not always possible – or appropriate – to apply the same
methodology to all learners, who have different objectives, environments
and learning needs.
Applying the most appropriate method for that learner’s specific
objectives, learning style and context.
An experienced professional language teacher always adopts
the Principled Eclecticism approach, deciding on the most suitable
techniques and applying the most appropriate methodology for that
learner’s specific objectives, learning style and context.
Methods of teaching English have developed rapidly, especially in the
previous 40 years. As a language learner, training manager, or teacher,
it is important to understand the various methods and techniques so that
you are able to navigate the market, make educated choices, and boost
your enjoyment of learning a language.
The difference between methods and
approaches
Approach: it refers to the theories about
language and language learning that serves as
a source of practices and principals of
language teaching. It offers a modal of
language competence. It describes the nature
of the subject matter to be taught.
Method: is the practical realization of an
approach. It includes various procedures and
techniques as a part of their standard fare.
Objectives and definition of GTM
 To be able to read literature written in the target
language
 To be able to translate from one language to another
 To develop reading and writing skill
Definition of Grammar Translation Method:
A method of foreign or second language teaching which
makes use of translation and grammar as the main
learning and teaching activities.
An Overview of Grammar Translation Method
 Sometimes also known as the Classical Method, this is a
traditional teaching technique that was used to teach Latin
and Greek and was particularly in vogue during the 16th
Century.
 The focus at this time was on the translation of texts,
grammar, and rote learning of vocabulary. There was no
emphasis on speaking and listening comprehension
because Latin and Greek were taught more as academic
subjects rather than a means of oral communication.
 This teaching method is still common in many countries and
institutions around the world, and still appeals to those
interested in languages from an intellectual or linguistic
perspective. However, it does little to improve your ability to
use the language for oral communication
Grammar-Translation Approach
 In this method, classes are taught in the students'
mother tongue, with little active use of the target
language.
 Vocabulary is taught in the form of isolated word lists.
 Elaborate explanations of grammar are always
provided.
 Grammar instruction provides the rules for putting
words together; instruction focuses on the form and
inflection of words.
 Little attention is paid to the content of texts.
 Drills are exercises in translating disconnected
sentences from the target language into the mother
tongue, and vice versa.
 Little or no attention is given to pronunciation.
Advantages GTM
 An effective way for application of grammar and
sentence structure
 Few demands on teachers
 Least stressful for students since the interaction
is in the first language.
 Only uses textbooks.
 Students learn the new language without contact
with a native speaker.
 Doesn’t require teachers to speak good English
or make good lesson preparation.
Disadvantages of GTM
Wrong idea of what language is , because it
doesn’t allow students to create meaning in
English.
Create frustration for learners
Less learners’ motivation
Students lack comprehension due to word-toword translation.
Extensive memorization.
It depends on reading and writing and
neglects speaking.
Application: Typical Techniques
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Translation of a Literary Passage
Reading Comprehension Questions
Antonyms/Synonyms
Cognates
Deductive Application of Rule
Fill-in-the-blanks
Memorization
Use Word list.
Composition
Thank you for attention
and participation