Transcript ch16
Chapter 16 Nutrition and Aging: The Adult Years Life Expectancy in the United States Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. How Long Can You Expect to be Healthy? Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. What Causes Aging? As organisms become older, the number of cells they contain decreases and the function of the remaining cells declines. As tissues and organs lose cells, the ability of the organism to maintain homeostasis decreases. Loss of cells occurs throughout life but is not felt for a long time, as organisms begin with reserve capacity. In young adults, the reserve capacity of organs is four to ten times that required to sustain life. As a person ages, reserve capacity decreases and the effects of aging become evident. Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. What Affects the Rate of Aging? Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nutrient Needs for Older Adults Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Factors that Increase the Risk of Malnutrition Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Consequences of Malnutrition Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Physiological Changes that Occur with Aging It is difficult to determine which changes that occur as we age are inevitable and which can be attributed to disease states. Some of the changes seen in aging can include: Sensory decline Macular degeneration Cataracts Periodontal disease Atrophic gastritis Decline in size and functioning of liver and kidneys Increase in body fat, decrease in lean body tissue Reduced hormone levels Decrease in mobility Dementia Alzheimer’s disease Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nutrient and Drug Interactions Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nutrient and Drug Interactions Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Keeping Older Adults Healthy There are a variety of social and economic changes that often accompany aging. These factors are interrelated and can affect nutritional status by decreasing the motivation to shop for, prepare and enjoy food and beverages. These changes can include: Income level Dependent living Depression Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Keeping Older Adults Healthy Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Keeping Older Adults Healthy Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Physical Activity for Older Adults Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Warning Signs of Malnutrition in Older Adults Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. National Nutrition Programs for Older Adults Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 16 Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without express permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Request for further information should be addressed to the . Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his/her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The Publisher assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information herein. Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.