Transcript Political Life

POLITICAL LIFE:
SOCIAL ORDER AND
DISORDER
VARIATION IN TYPES OF
POLITICAL ORGANIZATION
• BAND ORGANIZATION
• TRIBAL ORGANIZATION
• CHIEFDOM ORGANIZATION
• STATE ORGANIZATION
BAND ORGANIZATION
• Fairly small - usually nomadic
• Politically autonomous
• Informal authority
• Egalitarian hunter-gatherers
TRIBAL ORGANIZATION
• Egalitarian food producers
• Higher population density
• Sedentary
• Clans and age-sets
CHIEFDOM ORGANIZATION
• Formal authority structures
• Densely populated
• Permanent communities
• Social ranking
STATE ORGANIZATION
• Centralized government
• Class stratification
• Intensive agriculture
• Commercial exchange
• Extensive foreign trade
RESOLUTION OF CONFLICT
• Peaceful Resolution of Conflict
– Avoidance
– Community Action
– Negotiation and Mediation
– Ritual Reconciliation - apology
– Oaths and Ordeals
– Adjudication, courts, and codified law
RESOLUTION OF CONFLICT
• Violent Resolution of Conflict
– Individual Violence
– Feuding
– Raiding
– Large-scale confrontations
EXPLANING WARFARE
PREINDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES
– Fear of natural disasters
MODERN TIMES AND WARFARE
– Developing allied relations
– Military buildup
– Trading disputes