SURFACE HAULAGE National Mine Safety and Health Academy John G. Tyler 304-256-3541

Surface Powered Haulage

Analysis Of Surface Powered Haulage Accidents January 1, 1990 to July 1, 1996

Scope of Analysis

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Surface Powered Haulage Accidents

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Self-propelled Mobile Equipment

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Serious Accidents

Accident Review

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MSHA Accident and Injury Reports

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MSHA Fatal Accident Reports

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Mine Operator Accident Reports (Part 50)

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U.S. Bureau of Mines Studies

Summary of Findings

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4,397 Haulage Accidents

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1,300 Truck Accidents

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640 Truck Accidents Resulting in Traumatic Injury

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139 Fatal Accidents

Major Factors

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Steep Road Gradients vs. Load Limits

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Dump Locations

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Roadway and Dump Berms

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Defective Equipment

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Maintenance Practices

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Obstructed Visibility

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Truck Loading and Unloading Practices

Common Accident Causes

Fatalities

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Road Gradients Exceeding 7% 36

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Brakes or Steering Failure 20

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Trucks Overturning at Dumps 25

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Obstructed Vision 15

SURFACE HAULAGE FATALS 1994 THROUGH 1997

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Total=161 This total includes classifications (such as machinery) that involved people that were in some way working on, near, or under haulage equipment or performing a haulage function such as grading a haulroad or repairing a truck. They were all haulage related.

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Surface Loading And Haulage Includes:

– Roadways including those providing access to pit areas, dump sites, stockpiles, and reclamation areas.

– Trucks  off-road, highway, service, delivery, mantrip – Endloaders – Conveyors – Shovels  electric, hydraulic

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SURFACE LOADING and HAULAGE INCLUDES: cont’d

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Crane carriers (these accidents are classified as machinery)

–

Scrapers

–

Back-hoes, gradalls, excavaters, dozers (accidents will be classified as machinery but these pieces are used on fills, to maintain roadways,drainage, etc.- all functions directly related to haulage operations)

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Surface Loading and Haulage cont’d

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Draglines (accidents are not classified as haulage) -but, the operations can affect haulage operations.

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Endloaders are used for cleaning drag pits , in certain applications, moving cable trees and cables, and as ground pieces.

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Drag maintenance is dependent on service trucks and rubber- tired cranes.

Surface Loading and Haulage : cont’d

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Graders

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Service trucks

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tire trucks, flat beds, grease trucks, fuel trucks,welding trucks, mechanic trucks, and water trucks.

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Barges

MINING INDUSTRY FATALS 1994-1997

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Total fatals=358

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Total surface mine fatals=232

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Total surface haulage fatals=161

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45% of all mine fatals were surface haulage related

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69% of all surface mine fatals were haulage related

SURFACE HAULAGE FATALS 1994-1997

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Trucks= 63

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Maintenance= 19

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Dozers= 10

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Tire work= 5

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Trains= 5

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Small vehicles= 13

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Conveyors= 15

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Cranes= 3 Crushers= 5 Draglines= 3 Endloaders= 13 Graders= 1 Excavators= 2 Forklifts= 1 Scrapers= 1 Shovels= 2

WHERE ARE FATALS OCCURRING AT SURFACE MINES?

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Trucks= 39% Cranes=2%

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Haulage Maintenance=12% Draglines=2%

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Conveyors=9% Shovels=1%

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Endloaders=8%

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Small Vehicles=8%

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Tire Work=3%

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Trains=3%

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Crushers=3%

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What were these people doing when they were killed?

Truck Drivers

 While driving the truck; – traveled out of roadway (some went in water and drowned and others went over embankement ) – were not wearing a seat belt ( thrown out or jumped out of truck ) – lost control on steep grade – overtraveled over the edge of a dump

Truck Drivers (cont’d)

 While driving – raised bed into energized power lines ( in one case raised tarp rigging into power ) – did not secure bed in travel position before moving – pulled in front of moving train at crossing – did not use positive two way communication

Truck Drivers (cont’d)

 Other work with truck; – out of truck on ground and was ran over with other equipment – fell off top of truck – ran over by truck because park brake did not hold or was not set – unloading truck and struck by load – truck caught on fire – under bed when it fell

Truck Drivers (cont’d)

 Other work with truck; – tried to catch runaway truck and was run over by truck – load shifted on truck while driving and mashed cab and driver

Maintenance Related To Haulage

 Working under raised equipment – not secured or blocked  Not in clear when equipment started or moved  Electric equip. not locked out ( blocked against movement)  Fire – welding or using torches  Tire maintenance not considered here

Endloaders

 Lost control on steep grade  Caught by boom or bucket  Riding outside cab  Traveled out of road or over edge of dump  Not wearing seat belt  Ran over another person on ground

Powered Haulage Issues

 Pre- Operational Equip.Check

 Maintenance/Brake  Adj. System Leaks, Hyd.& Air.

 Low Air Warning System.

 Steering System (Emergency)

Powered Haulage Cont.

 Haul Roads & Dumping Sites  Visibility  Communications  Industry Statistics