Transcript The Role of Music in the struggle against apartheid

The Sound of Resistance
THE ROLE OF MUSIC
IN THE STRUGGLE AGAINST APARTHEID
Song of protest
Ndodemnyama we Verwoerd
Pasopa Nantsi ndodemnyama, Verwoerd
Pasopa Nantsi ndodemnyama, Verwoerd
Pasopa Nantsi ndodemnyama, Verwoerd
Pasopa Nantsi ndodemnyama, Verwoerd
Nantsi ndodemnyama, Verwoerd
Nantsi ndodemnyama, Verwoerd
Nantsi ndodemnyama, Verwoerd
Nantsi ndodemnyama, Verwoerd
Pasopa Nantsi ndodemnyama, Verwoerd
Pasopa Nantsi ndodemnyama, Verwoerd
Pasopa Nantsi ndodemnyama, Verwoerd
Pasopa Nantsi ndodemnyama, Verwoerd
Nkosi Sikelel’I Afrika
Nkosi Sikelel’ i Afrika
God bless Africa
Malupakam’ upondo Iwayo
Raise up her spirit
Yiva imitandazo yetu
Hear our prayers
Usi - sikelele
And bless us
Sikelel’ amadol’ asizwe
Bless the leaders
Sikelela kwa nomlisela
Bless also the young
Ulitwal’ ilizwe ngomonde
That they may carry the land with patience
Uwusiki lele
And that you may bless them
Sikelel’ amalinga etu
Bless our efforts
Awonanyana nokuzaka
Through learning and understanding
Uwasikelele
And bless them
Yihla Moya~ Yihla Moya!
Descend, Spirit! Descend, Spirit!
Yihla Moya Oyingcwele
Descend, Holy Spirit!
The Bushman
• Unlike the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, the
South African government was constantly banning music that
they saw as offensive and against the beliefs of the country.
South African musicians had to change their lyrics and
depended on people’s interpretations to see other meanings of
their lyrics. Steve Kekana released his song called “The
Bushman” in 1982.
• The song’s literal translation is about a Bushman who teaches
himself how to use a bow and arrow. “This fitted in well with
apartheid notions of blacks as primitives and was consequently
play on SABC, a local radio station” (Cloonan, M., “Policing
Pop”). People of South Africa used symbolism to understand
the true meaning of the song. People considered the
“Bushman” to be the guerrillas of South Africa. Since their
music was monitored, they depended on symbolism to convey
the correct message and bring people together.
The Bushman
In nineteen twenty five
A Bushman came alive
Taught himself to shoot
With a bow and arrow
His will to stay alive
Was burning him inside
Day by day he'd hunt
In search of wildlife
Wo-ho, wo-ho, the Bushman
Wo-ho, wo-ho, the Bushman
Wo-ho, wo-ho, the Bushman
Wo-ho, wo-ho, the Bushman
He fights like a man should do
He strives like a man should do
He never cries
He never lies
He's just a simple man
He fights like a man should do
He strives like a man should do
He never cries
He never lies
He's just a simple man
All he wants to be is friendly
But nobody understands him
He's never seen the world
He's living in
It makes me so sad
He lives under a tree
Hides himself and sleeps
His mind is tuned
To be aware of danger
He never makes mistakes
Survival is his way
At night he plays a song
On a wooden kalimba
Wo-ho, wo-ho, the Bushman
Wo-ho, wo-ho, the Bushman
The sun was beating down
His feet were bare and strong
He'd walk for miles and miles
No heat exhaustion
Wo-ho, wo-ho, the Bushman
Toyi-Toyi
The Soweto uprising in
Stander -Un poliziotto
scomodo (2003)
The Role of Music in South Africa's Anti-Apartheid Movemen
THE ROLE OF MUSIC:
THE INTERNATIONAL PRESSURE
The Nelson Mandela 70th
Birthday Tribute was a
popular-music concert staged
on June 11, 1988 at Wembley
Stadium, London and
broadcast to 67 countries and
an audience of 600 million. It
was also referred to as
Freedomfest, Free Nelson
Mandela Concert and
Mandela Day.
Sting (introduced by Harry Belafonte) – "If You Love Somebody Set Them
Free", "They Dance Alone", "Every Breath You Take", "Message in a Bottle"
George Michael (introduced by Lenny Henry) – "Village Ghetto Land", "If
You Were My Woman", "Sexual Healing"
Eurythmics (introduced by Richard Gere) – "I Need a Man", "There Must Be
an Angel (Playing with My Heart)", "Here Comes the Rain Again", "You Have
Placed a Chill in My Heart", "When Tomorrow Comes", "Sweet Dreams (Are
Made of This)", "Brand New Day"
Graham Chapman - speech
Tracy Chapman (1st appearance) - "Why?", "Behind the Wall", "Talkin' Bout
a Revolution"
Bee Gees - "You Win Again", "I've Gotta Get a Message to You"
UB40 (introduced by Gregory Hines) - "Rat in Mi Kitchen", "Red Red Wine"
"I Got You Babe", "Breakfast in Bed", "Sing Our Own Song"
Hugh Masekela/Miriam Makeba - "Soweto Blues"
Miriam Makeba - "Pata Pata"
Simple Minds (introduced by Emily Lloyd & Denzel Washington) "Waterfront« "Summertime Blues« "Mandela Day", "Sanctify Yourself",
"East at Easter", "Alive and Kicking"
Peter Gabriel, Simple Minds & Youssou N'Dour - "Biko"
Steven van Zandt, Simple Minds, Peter Gabriel, Meat Loaf, Jackson
Browne, Youssou N'Dour & Daryl Hannah - "Sun City"
Jerry Dammers, Simple Minds - "Free Nelson Mandela"
Whitney Houston (introduced by Corbin Bernsen and Jennifer Beals) "Didn't We Almost Have It All", "Love Will Save the Day", "So Emotional",
"Where Do Broken Hearts Go", "How Will I Know", "He/I Believe" (duet
with her mother Cissy Houston), "I Wanna Dance with Somebody",
"Greatest Love of All"
Derek B - "Free Mandela"
Stevie Wonder - "I Just Called to Say I Love You", speech, "Dark 'n Lovely"
Dire Straits featuring Eric Clapton (introduced by Billy Connolly) - "Walk of
Life", "Sultans of Swing", "Romeo and Juliet", "Money for Nothing",
"Brothers in Arms", "Wonderful Tonight", "Solid Rock"
Jessye Norman - "Amazing Grace" (Finale)
September '77
Port Elizabeth weather fine
It was business as usual
In police room 619
Oh Biko, Biko, because Biko
Oh Biko, Biko, because Biko
Yihla Moja, Yihla Moja
-The man is dead
You can blow out a candle
But you can't blow out a fire
Once the flames begin to catch
When I try to sleep at night
The wind will blow it higher
I can only dream in red
Oh Biko, Biko, because Biko
The outside world is black and white Yihla Moja, Yihla Moja
With only one colour dead
-The man is dead
Oh Biko, Biko, because Biko
Oh Biko, Biko, because Biko
And the eyes of the world are
Yihla Moja, Yihla Moja
watching now
-The man is dead
watching now
It was 25 years they take that man away
Now the freedom moves in closer every day
Wipe the tears down from your saddened eyes
They say Mandela's free so step outside
Oh oh oh oh Mandela day
Oh oh oh oh Mandela's free
It was 25 years ago this very day
Held behind four walls all through night and day
Still the children know the story of that man
And I know what's going on right through your land
25 years ago
…
If the tears are flowing wipe them from your face
I can feel his heartbeat moving deep inside
It was 25 years they took that man away
And now the world come down say Nelson Mandela's free
…
The rising suns sets Mandela on his way
It's been 25 years around this very day
From the one outside to the ones inside we say
…
25 years ago
What's going on
And we know what's going on
Cos we know what's going on
Free Nelson Mandela
21 years in captivity
Shoes too small to fit his feet
His body abused, but his mind is still free
You're so blind that you cannot see
Free Nelson Mandela
Visited the causes at the AMC
Only one man in a large army
You're so blind that you cannot see
You're so deaf that you cannot hear him
Free Nelson Mandela
Free Nelson Mandela
Free free
Free free free Nelson Mandela
21 tears in captivity
You're so blind that you cannot see
You're so deaf that you cannot hear him
You're so dumb that you cannot speak
Free Nelson Mandela
We're rockers and rappers united and strong
We're here to talk about South Africa we don't like what's going on
It's time for some justice it's time for the truth
We've realized there's only one thing we can do
I ain't gonna play Sun City
Relocation to phony homelands
Separation of families I can't understand
23 million can't vote because they're black
We're stabbing our brothers and sisters in the back
I ain't gonna play Sun City
Our government tells us we're doing all we can
Constructive Engagement is Ronald Reagan's plan
Meanwhile people are dying and giving up hope
This quiet diplomacy ain't nothing but a joke
I ain't gonna play Sun City
Boputhuswana is far away
But we know it's in South Africa no matter what they say
You can't buy me I don't care what you pay
Relocation to phony homelands
Don't ask me Sun City because I ain't gonna play
Separation of families I can't
I ain't gonna play Sun City
understand
It's time to accept our responsibility
23 million can't vote because
Freedom is a privilege nobody rides for free
they're black
Look around the world baby it can't be denied
We're stabbing our brothers and
Why are we always on the wrong side
sisters in the back
I ain't gonna play Sun City
The children got a letter from the master
It said, no more Xhosa, Sotho, no more Zulu
Refusing to comply they sent an answer
That's when the policemen came to the rescue
There was a full moon on the golden city
Looking at the door was the man without pity
Accusing everyone of conspiracy
Tightening the curfew, charging people with walking
Children were dying, bullets flying
The mothers screaming and crying
The fathers were working in the cities
The evening news brought out all the publicity
Yes, the border is where he was awaiting
Waiting for the children, frightened and running
A handful got away but all the others
Hurried their chain without any publicity
Just a little atrocity, deep in the city
Soweto blues, soweto blues
Soweto blues, soweto blues
Just a little atrocity, deep in the city
Benikuphi ma madoda
(Where were the men?)
Abantwana beshaywa
(When the children were throwing stones)
Ngezimbokodo mabedubula abantwana
(When the children were being shot)
Benikhupi na
(Where were you?)
Soweto blues, soweto blues
Soweto blues, abu yethu a mama
Soweto blues, they are killing all the children
Soweto blues, without any publicity
Soweto blues, oh, they are finishing the nation
Soweto blues, while calling it black on black
Soweto blues but everybody knows they are behind it
Soweto blues, without any publicity
Soweto blues, they are finishing the nation
Soweto blues, god, somebody, help
Soweto blues
(Abu yethu a mama)
Soweto blues
www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WqJ1k43NAA
Well Jo'anna she runs a country
She runs in Durban and the Transvaal
She makes a few of her people happy, oh
She don't care about the rest at all
She's got a system they call apartheid
It keeps a brother in a subjection
But maybe pressure will make Jo'anna see
How everybody could a live as one
She got supporters in high up places
Who turn their heads to the city sun
Jo'anna give them the fancy money
Oh to tempt anyone who'd come
She even knows how to swing opinion
In every magazine and the journals
For every bad move that this Jo'anna makes
They got a good explanation
Even the preacher who works for Jesus
Gimme hope, Jo'anna Hope, Jo'anna
Gimme hope, Jo'anna 'Fore the morning comeThe Archbishop who's a peaceful man
Together say that the freedom fighters
Gimme hope, Jo'anna Hope, Jo'anna
Will overcome the very strong
Hope before the morning come
I hear she makes all the golden money
To buy new weapons, any shape of guns
While every mother in black Soweto fears
The killing of another son
Sneakin' across all the neighbours' borders
Now and again having little fun
She doesn't care if the fun and games she play
Is dang'rous to ev'ryone
I wanna know if you're blind Jo'anna
If you wanna hear the sound of drum
Can't you see that the tide is turning
Oh don't make me wait till the morning come
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fmf9ZJ_Yn0A&list=RDFmf9ZJ_Yn0A
The Sound of Resistance
THE ROLE OF MUSIC
IN THE STRUGGLE AGAINST APARTHEID
Nkosi sikelel' iAfrika
Maluphakanyisw' uphondo lwayo,
Yizwa imithandazo yethu,
Nkosi sikelela, thina lusapho lwayo.
The Sound of Resistance
The role of music
in the struggle
against apartheid