Transcript Cellular biology /Intro to radiation biology

Cellular biology-Why do
we need to know this?
Bushong
When an atom is ionized
Chemical binding properties change
in large molecules: breakage or relocation
of molecules…become abnormal
Abnormal means
Function improperly
cease to function -impairment or death of
cell
Damage is Reversible
Ionized atoms become neutral…How?
Molecules are mended by repair enzymes
Immediate response to radiation
Latent response
(Bushong) see Box 32-1
RADIATION INTERACTS AT
ATOMIC LEVEL
Atoms combine to form molecules
The body is made of macromolecules
What is the definition of macromolecules?
With this kind of potential
damage….
The government tends to
get involved
CHAPTER 9 SHERER
FOR DIFFERENTIATING
BETWEEN
ICRP
NCRP
UNSCEAR
NAS/NRC-BEIR
NRC
EPA
FDA
OSHA
What is the smallest
element of protoplasm?
The cell
Which of the following macromolecules
contain enzymes for repair?
A) protein
c) carbs
b) lipids
d) nucleic acids
MORE QUESTIONS
_____provides most
Carbohydrates
of the cell’s energy
DNA and RNA are two Nucleic acids
types of these
What is function of
 store energy
 component of membrane
lipids
 protects against cold and
heat
 assists in digestive process
 components of substances
such as hormones
Tissues are groups of
?
Organs are groups of
?
System is a group of?
An organism is?
Cells
tissues
organs
a human
CELLULAR ANATOMY
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Lysosomes
Golgi Apparatus
RADIATION BIOLOGY
CHAPTER 6..an
introduction-What do you
already know?
DO YOU REMEMBER
BERGONIE AND
TRIBONDEAU?
Pg 102 (Sherer)
TWO TYPES OF CELLS
Somatic
Germ
MALIGNANT CELLS
Divide abnormally
increased amount of chromatin
increased amount of nuclear material
normal cells stay together (tissue)
some malignant cells break away to other
tissues
Direct effect
Where do you think the radiation hits to
be given this name?
INDIRECT EFFECT
What molecule to you think radiation hits?
Most interactions occur here
Forms free radicals which are chemical
components that damage cells
Free radicals are a result of radiolysis of
water
FRACTIONATION
Dividing a dose of radiation into small
amounts over a given time
PROTRACTED DOSE
Dose delivered continuously but at a
lower rate