Transcript One_Med.ppt
Integrative Medicine Recent Developments in Medicine Comparison of East & West East • Empirical Observations over Thousands of Years • Art of Medicine • Holistic View • Circular Logic • Energetic West • Scientific Method & Case-Based Medicine • Technology of Medicine • Molecular & Organ View • Linear Logic • Mechanistic Science versus Art • Over the last 10 • years, there has been no change in mean life expectancy in human beings, dog or cats There is an increase in incidence of inflammatory diseases and cancer over our ability to detect the conditions What’s Been Happening? • CAVM Guideline were re-written in a less than supportive manner • Medicine has begun to look at itself with greater scrutiny New findings • The basic dietary recommendations for human beings have been found lacking • Atkin’s lowcarbohydrate diet is vindicated Obese Nation • Recent study showed that being obese is more likely to cause a heart attack than smoking cigarettes • We are fat!!! New Findings • Study (sham-controlled) showed that surgery on human knees created more damage than corrected, unless there was clear ligament damage New Findings • Major multi-center study showed that estrogen replacement put more women at risk for heart disease than it helped at menopause Basic Tenets of AP • Based upon the AP point selected • Based upon the method of stimulation – – – – Dry needles Electrical AP Aquapuncture Hemoacupuncture • Based upon the length of stimulation • Low-rate, twisting stimulation of GV26 leads to endorphin response, while highfrequency needling of GV26 leads to epinephrine response Effects of Acupuncture • Using manganeseenhanced fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging), visual effects can be seen in human and animal neural tissues Baseline Mn Infusion Mannitol EA GB34 Effects of Acupuncture • Activation of cortex is site specific • Leads initially to specific effects GB34 ST36 Effects of Acupuncture • Activation has temporal effects • Longer stimulation activates more cortical structures • Leads to broader effects 5 minutes 20 minutes Effects of Acupuncture • In separate study, analgesic AP points were compared to non-analgesic points – Analgesic AP altered brain regions involved in pain modulation • PAG, MnR, hypothalamus, thalamus – Non-Analgesic AP did not activate same areas Method of Stimulation • Stimulation of BL-20 (the SP association point) in horses led to analgesia using dry needles or electrical AP. • Only EA increased release of endrophins into the blood. Medication Timing & TCM 24-hour Clock LIV GB TH 1-3 AM LU 3-5 AM LI 5-7 11-1AM 9-11 PM PC 7-9 PM KID BL ST 7-9 AM SP 9-11 AM HT 5-7 PM 3-5 PM SI AM 1-3 PM 11-1 PM One Medicine • Proven medicine or unproven medicine • Scientific or unscientific • Good or bad What is Non-Traditional Medicine? • Any form of medicine not taught in veterinary school • Medicine out of the mainstream Why Alternative Medicine? • People are asking for it for themselves and for their pets • Offers approaches which might work when traditional medicine fails Use of Alternatives in Human Medicine • Most patients are usually women who are between 3549 years of age, affluent and well educated • Results in around $278 billion in annual sales Use of Alternatives in Human Medicine • 629 million visits to alternative medicine practitioners in 1997 • Exceeds the number of visits to primary care physicians What is Integrative Medicine? • Term coined in Human Medicine for utilizing both traditional and non-traditional modes of therapy • Similar to Holistic Veterinary Medicine Integrative Medicine • Uses a bigger medicine bag • Includes all of traditional medicine and all of alternative medicine • Adds everything that will benefit the patient Integrative Medicine • Treatment of MIND, BODY & SPIRIT • Offers medical choices where choices exist Integrative Medicine • Base your medical decisions on: – – – – what is best for the patient the client’s wishes your abilities your confidence and experience in treating other cases • Still starts with a strong basic understanding of traditional medicine Integrative Medicine • Enter a partnership with client to help maintain animal’s optimal health • Pay attention to: – – – – Exercise Diet Supplement Vaccinations Exercise • Need 20 minutes of constant aerobic exercise 2 times a week and 1 hour (at slower pace) once a week – Walking – Swimming • Alternate days of hard and soft work-outs Diet • Let food be your medicine and medicine be your food – Hippocrates • Many of today’s chronic diseases can be traced to diet • No commercial dog or cat food is as nutritious as fresh, homeprepared food • Dogs & cats have no carbohydrate requirement Basic Canine Diet #1 8 8 2 2 ½ ¼ oz Catfish oz Tofu tbs Virgin Olive Oil Whole Carrots cup Spinach cup Green Pepper ½ cup Broccoli ¼ tsp Dry Ginger 1 Raw Garlic Cloves ¼ tsp Dry Mustard 2½ tab Flintstones plus Calcium Contains 1355 Calories with a 27/13/60 percent protein/carbohydrate/fat content Basic Canine Diet #2 4 4 8 1 1 ½ ¼ Strips Bacon Large Eggs oz Tofu tbs Virgin Olive Oil Whole Carrots cup Spinach cup Green Pepper ½ cup Broccoli ¼ tsp Dry Ginger 1 Raw Garlic Cloves ¼ tsp Dry Mustard 1 tab Flintstones plus Calcium Contains 1370 Calories with a 23/12/65 percent protein/carbohydrate/fat content Basic Canine Diet #3 1 4 8 1 1 ½ ¼ oz Beef Tallow Large Eggs oz Tofu tbs Virgin Olive Oil Whole Carrots cup Spinach cup Green Pepper ½ cup Broccoli ¼ tsp Dry Ginger 1 Raw Garlic Cloves ¼ tsp Dry Mustard ½ tab Flintstones plus Calcium Contains 1479 Calories with a 20/11/69 percent protein/carbohydrate/fat content Canine Diet for Athletes • • • • • • 2 4 8 2 ¼ 2 oz Pork Chop oz Tofu oz Brown Rice tsp Virgin Olive Oil cup Honey Whole Carrots • • • • • • • 1 4 4 ¼ 1 ¼ 1 cup Spinach Tbs Green Pepper Broccoli Spears tsp Dry Ginger Raw Garlic Cloves tsp Dry Mustard tsp Bone Meal Basic Cat Food 3 2 4 2 2 1 1 ¼ oz Salmon oz Chicken Heart oz Beef Kidney oz Turkey Breast oz Chicken Liver oz Sardines tbs Virgin Olive Oil cup Broccoli ¼ cup Spinach ½ tab Vitamin B complex (B-50) 1 tab Vitamin C (500 mg) 1½ tab One-a-Day plus Calcium 400 IU Vitamin E 250 mg Taurine Contains 737 Calories with a 45/4/51 percent protein/carbohydrate/fat content Vaccinations • Vaccinations should • Give only be based upon vaccinations that scientific are truly verification of necessary efficacy, not upon the manufacturers • Give them based upon titers recommendation (unless based upon • Support research such science) NIH Classification of Alternative Therapies • Mind-Body Interventions • Bioelectromagnetics • Alternative Systems of Medical Practice • Manual Healing Methods • Alternative Pharmaceutics and Biologics • Herbal Medicine NIH Classification of Alternative Therapies • Mind-Body Interventions • Bioelectromagnetics • Alternative Systems of Medical Practice • Manual Healing Methods • Alternative Pharmaceutics and Biologics • Herbal Medicine Mind-Body Interventions • • • • Meditation Biofeedback Hypnosis Mental Healing (Distant Intentionality) Distant Intentionality • Prayer reduces ICU stay and complications from other diseases • Our intention may affect the outcome of our treatment NIH Classification of Alternative Therapies • Mind-Body Interventions • Bioelectromagnetics • Alternative Systems of Medical Practice • Manual Healing Methods • Alternative Pharmaceutics and Biologics • Herbal Medicine Bioelectromagnetics • Effects of nonthermal, nonionizing radiation on the body • Bone repair, nerve regeneration, wound healing and immune stimulation Static Magnet Therapy • As old as the earth • Egyptian scrolls (circa 2800 BC) contained references to loadstones N – Cleopatra used them on her forehead to prevent aging • Hindus used magnets 1000s of years BC S Static Magnet Therapy • Magnetism is defined as the alignment of a permeable material so that the molecules face in a uniform direction (i.e., north facing one direction and south facing the opposite). Bar Magnet (unipolar) Static Magnet Therapy • North Pole – – – – – – – – alkaline ( pH) suppresses mitosis (–) energy pole bacteria & viruses stops bleeding shrinks tumors bone healing inflammation • South Pole – – – – – – – – acid ( pH) stimulates mitosis (+) energy pole bacteria & viruses vasodilation tumor growth bone healing inflammation NIH Classification of Alternative Therapies • Mind-Body Interventions • Bioelectromagnetics • Alternative Systems of Medical Practice • Manual Healing Methods • Alternative Pharmaceutics and Biologics • Herbal Medicine Alternative Systems of Medical Practice • Traditional Chinese Medicine • Ayurvedic Medicine • Homeopathy • Naturopathy Homeopathy • • • • 200 years old Sam Hahnemann “Like treats Like” Dilute, potentized remedies • One remedy has recently been FDA approved to treat certain forms of Asthma NIH Classification of Alternative Therapies • Mind-Body Interventions • Bioelectromagnetics • Alternative Systems of Medical Practice • Manual Healing Methods • Alternative Pharmaceutics and Biologics • Herbal Medicine Manual Healing Methods • • • • Chiropractics Massage T Touch Healing Touch Healing Touch • Hippocrates called magnetism “the force that flows from many people’s hands” • Galen stated, “a sick body can gain strength from the unbroken contact with a healthy body” NIH Classification of Alternative Therapies • Mind-Body Interventions • Bioelectromagnetics • Alternative Systems of Medical Practice • Manual Healing Methods • Alternative Pharmaceutics and Biologics • Herbal Medicine Alternative Pharmaceutics and Biologics • Medicines and Vaccines which are not yet Mainstream – Bee venom therapy – Plant extracts (mistletoe, Venus fly trap, etc. – Orthomolecular medicine Orthomolecular Medicine • The preservation of health and prevention of disease through the provision of the optimum molecular constituents of the body Basic Principles of OM • Nutrition First • Biochemical Individuality • Drugs can be Toxic • Inescapability of Pollution • Hope reigns Supreme OM Therapy • Prescribed in quantities sufficient to prevent, treat or control certain diseases. • Includes – Antioxidants – Membrane Stabilizers – Cofactors Antioxidants • • • • • • • • Vitamin E Vitamin C Selenium Beta Carotene (Vitamin A) Superoxide dismutase Glutathione peroxidase Acetylcysteine L-methionine Membrane Stabilizers • Omega-3 fatty acids • Gamma-linolenic acid • Coenzyme Q-10 • L-carnitine • L-taurine Cofactors • B Vitamins – – – – niacin folic acid thiamin cyanocobalamin – – – – zinc iron copper cobalt • Trace Minerals Vitamin E • antioxidant against lipid peroxides • also a membrane stabilizer • boosts immune defenses • can affect primary hemostasis • therapeutic dose is around 20-50 IU/kg Vitamin C • regenerates vitamin E • stimulates synthetic enzymes (for repair) • antioxidant against nitrosamines and many free radicals • can cause flatulence and diarrhea • 4-8 mg/kg or to gastric tolerance level Basic Antioxidants Dogs • Vitamin E 10 IU/lb daily • Vitamin C 5-10 mg/lb twice a day • Selenium 2 µg/lb daily • Beta carotene 250 IU/lb daily Cats • Vitamin E 100-400 IU daily • Vitamin C 100-250 mg twice a day • Selenium 50 µg daily • Vitamin A 1000-5000 IU daily NIH Classification of Alternative Therapies • Mind-Body Interventions • Bioelectromagnetics • Alternative Systems of Medical Practice • Manual Healing Methods • Alternative Pharmaceutics and Biologics • Herbal Medicine Western Herbal Medicine • 3000 BC (Bronze Age) – Sumerians used laurel, caraway and thyme • 2700 BC – Oldest herbal book- -China • 300 BC – Hippocrates taught that health could be maintained using a few simples herbs, with rest and with proper diet Western Herbal Medicine Regulatory Status • Drugs – must meet strict requirements • ingredients must be identified • safety must be demonstrated • effectiveness must be shown – regulated by the FDA Western Herbal Medicine Regulatory Status • Herbs – harder to meet drug requirements • ingredients may not all be known • safety may not be established • efficacy may not be shown – sold as dietary supplements under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994- - ONLY AFFECTS HUMANS – must be proven unsafe by the FDA FDA Regulation of Animal Supplement • FDA regulates all animal supplements • Any that is not a food additive (in quantities established by NRC & AAFCO) are considered drugs • Prescribing supplements is considered “extralabel” drug usage • FDA primarily prosecutes cases of adulteration (having wrong ingredients or improper claims) Ginger Zingiber officinale • Common Uses – – – – nausea & vomiting stomach problems anti-inflammatory appetite stimulant • Dosage – morning sickness • 250 mg 4 times a day – rheumatoid arthritis • 0.1-1 gm dry or 5 gm fresh Ginkgo biloba • Common Uses • improve memory and concentration • Cognitive benefits • can stabilize or improve cognitive function and social behavior in Alzheimer’s disease • improves cerebral blood flow • Dosage • 2-4 mg/kg (dog & cat) • 350 mg/kg was non-toxic to rats Hawthorn Crataegus oxyacantha • Common Uses – heart tonic • • • • lower blood pressure reduce incidence of chest pain treat tachycardia or arrhythmias control atherosclerosis • Effectiveness – increases coronary circulation 20-140% after 1 mg of dry extract Hawthorn • Actions – inhibits vasoconstriction and dilates blood vessels – proanthocyanidins (bioflavonoid) inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme – antiarrhythimic – inotropic effect • Dosage – 1-2 mg/kg 2-3 times a day Integrative Medicine • Base your medical decisions on: – – – – what is best for the patient the client’s wishes your abilities your confidence and experience in treating other cases • Still starts with a strong basic understanding of traditional medicine TCM Prayer • Just for today, I will let go of my anger. • Just for today, I will let joy in my heart. • I will not worry or be sad. • Just for today, I will embrace life. • I will live without fear, in harmony with myself and the Universe.