Transcript Ch 11

Chapter 11

Using Energy

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PowerPoint ® Lectures for College Physics: A Strategic Approach, Second Edition

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Efficiency © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

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Reading Quiz 1. A machine uses 1000 J of electric energy to raise a heavy mass, increasing its potential energy by 300 J. What is the efficiency of this process?

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

100% 85% 70% 35% 30% © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

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Answer 1. A machine uses 1000 J of electric energy to raise a heavy mass, increasing its potential energy by 300 J. What is the efficiency of this process?

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

100% 85% 70% 35%

30%

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Example Problem Light bulbs are rated by the power that they consume, not the light that they emit. A 100 W incandescent bulb emits approximately 4 W of visible light. What is the efficiency of the bulb?

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The Ideal Gas Model

T

 2 3

K

avg

k

B © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

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Checking Understanding:Temperature Scales Rank the following temperatures, from highest to lowest.

A.

B.

C.

D.

300 °C > 300 K > 300 °F 300 K > 300 °C > 300 °F 300 °F > 300 °C > 300 K 300 °C > 300 °F > 300 K © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

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Answer Rank the following temperatures, from highest to lowest.

A.

B.

C.

D.

300 °C > 300 K > 300 °F 300 K > 300 °C > 300 °F 300 °F > 300 °C > 300 K

300 °C > 300 °F > 300 K

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 What is Heat??

 Energy transferred between 2 objects at different temperatures.

 Always flows from hot to cold  Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

 How to increase the thermal (internal) energy of the water?

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 First Law of Thermodynamics  D U = Q + W  +Q…heat flows into system  -Q…heat flows out of system  +W…Work done ON System  -W…Work done BY system © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Operation of a Heat Engine © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

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The Theoretical Maximum Efficiency of a Heat Engine © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

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Operation of a Heat Pump © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

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Second Law of Thermodynamics © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

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Summary © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

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Summary © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

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