Transcript chptr 14 15 and 16
CHAPTER 14 INDEPENDENT STUDY
NEW MOVEMENTS IN AMERICA - RESEARCH AND WRITTEN RESPONSE ESSAY TEST
CHAPTER 14 INDEPENDENT STUDY
• • • • Monday-Wednesday - Immigrants and Urban Challenges, The American Arts, Reforming Society & The Movement to End Slavery (Some Women’s Rights) For each section, you will research the IDEAS, EVENTS, PEOPLE – first define using textbook, then further research using any credible sources (Example to follow) Thursday - SIP DAY - Research completion, check-in Friday – Summative Written Response (written in class using your notes/research)
CLASS EX. - STRUCTURE OF RESEARCH ● TRANSCENDENTALISM
(BIG IDEAS)
- BEGIN RESEARCHING THIS AND THE OTHER 2 WILL COME UP IN YOUR RESEARCH ○ BROOKS FARM
(EVENTS/PLACES)
- WOULD BE DISCUSSED AS YOU READ ABOUT ABOVE ○ POE, EMERSON, LONGFELLOW
(PEOPLE)
- WOULD BE INCLUDED UNDER THE ABOVE EVENTS/PLACES
*** USE STYLE OF FREE NOTES, CHARTS, MIND MAPS, ETC. - WHICHEVER WORKS BEST FOR YOU!
LIST OF IDEAS, EVENTS, PEOPLE
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SECTION 1 – MONDAY- IMMIGRANTS AND URBAN CHALLENGES NATIVISTS KNOW-NOTHING PARTY MIDDLE CLASS TENEMENTS IMMIGRANTS IRISH POTATO FAMINE GERMAN REVOLUTION ***EX. PREVIOUS SLIDE
LIST OF PEOPLE, EVENTS, IDEAS
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SECTION 2 TUES – AMERICAN ARTS TRANSCENDENTALISM RALPH WALDO EMERSON MARGARET FULLER HENRY DAVID THOREAU UTOPIAN COMMUNITIES/BROOKS FARM NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE EDGAR ALLAN POE
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EMILY DICKINSON
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HENRY WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW WALT WHITMAN The Midnight Ride of Paul Revere Rap Video https://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=_dKJ75F3tj8&scrlybrkr ***CLASS SHARE OUT OF 14.1 AND 14.2 AT END OF DAY 2
THE “SO WHAT???” - HISTORY ASKS THIS QUESTION - ALWAYS BE THINKING ABOUT THIS AS YOU READ, RESEARCH, ETC. GOAL - WHAT MOVEMENT (DEFINE, EXAMPLES) HAD THE BIGGEST _______________ ON __________________?
LIST OF PEOPLE, EVENTS, IDEAS
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SECTION 3 TUES – REFORMING SOCIETY
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SECOND GREAT AWAKENING
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DOROTHEA DIX COMMON-SCHOOL MOVEMENT HORACE MANN CATHARINE BEECHER THOMAS GALLAUDET
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CHARLES GRANDISON FINNEY LYMAN BEECHER TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT
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ABOLITION
LIST OF PEOPLE, EVENTS, IDEAS
SECTION 4 WED – THE MOVEMENT TO END SLAVERY WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY ANGELINA AND SARAH GRIMKE FREDERICK DOUGLAS SOJOURNER TRUTH https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2SQNeZKUh38&spfrelo ad=10&scrlybrkr
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UNDERGROUND RAILROAD HARRIET TUBMAN ***CLASS SHARE OUT OF 14.3 AND 14.4 (5) AT END OF DAY 3
RESEARCH NOTES CHECK-IN DAY 1.HAVE NOTES OUT ON YOUR DESK FOR CHECK-IN 2.NEW SEATING CHART IS ON LONELY DESK 3.YOU CAN TALK TO YOUR NEW NEIGHBORS - STAY IN YOUR SEATS 4.BRING NOTES FOR TEST FRIDAY!
IN-CLASS SUMMATIVE WRITTEN RESPONSE •
Take the writing prompt from Lonely Desk – DO NOT write on prompt
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Using loose leaf paper, answer the prompt – turn both into the Lonely Desk when finished - make sure your name is on it! YOU MAY USE ANY NOTES YOU HAVE FROM THIS WEEK!
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You MUST include details about the people, events/places, and ideas pertaining to your answer – REMEMBER TO INCORPORATE
ANALYSIS
NOT JUST SPEW OUT FACTS!
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HIGHLIGHT OR UNDERLINE 1 EXAMPLE EACH OF AN 1) IDEA, 2) EVENT/PLACE, AND 3) PERSON YOU INCLUDED IN YOUR RESPONSE
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GOOD LUCK – I am very excited to read your thoughts!
CHAPTER 15 DAY 1 1. Read each section of Chptr 15 & Answer the questions on the guided notes sheet for that section - in complete sentences!
2. MON/TUES - SECTIONS 1 & 2 - SHARE 15.1
3. TUES/WED - SECTIONS 3 & 4 - SHARE 15.2
4. THURS - CHECK-IN/SHARE OUT 15.3, 15.4 - Go over Mind Map Instructions/Video 5. FRI-ONLY 1 WORK DAY-DUE FRIDAY MAY 6TH
15.1 - DAY 2 AT END
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1848 Mex-Amer War - what to do with 500,000 miles of land?
Wilmot Proviso Popular Sovereignty California Gold Rush - wants to be a state - Free or Slave?? They want “Free” - Sen. Jefferson Davis (Miss) says this will upset balance HENRY CLAY (KY- creator of M. Compromise) COMPROMISE OF 1850: 1. CA Free state 2. new land divided into Utah and New Mexico - pop. sovern. decides 3. TX gives up land claims for $$$ 4. Slave TRADING outlawed in D.C.
5. New Fugitive Slave Act created
15.2 - DAY 3 AT END Bleeding Kansas- A Battleground for National Issues
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1st Missouri Comp., then Comp. of 1850, now Kansas-Nebraska Act
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Angry voters cross from Missouri to vote pro-slavery in Kansas; anti slavery protestors form govt. in Topeka; now two opposing govt.s in Kansas; Pres. Pierce only recognizes pro-slavery one
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Sack of Lawrence
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Pottawatomie Massacre
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Somebody get that guy a cane - What??? Preston Brooks
15.3 - DAY 3
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Political Parties 1856 (D) James Buchanan wins Presidency DRED SCOTT RULING - 1) Not a citizen, 2) Went back to Missouri on his own (free soil negated), and 3) Missouri Comp. is illegal; Congress can’t deny Life, Liberty, PROPERTY (slave) to any citizen http://www.pbs.org/video/2298073069/ (R) SENATOR ABRAHAM LINCOLN OF IL - A House Divided Cannot Stand - Famous speech (a family), moderate and wanted to stop spread of slavery but uphold in existing areas, lost election but becomes national figure (compared to Obama’s Speech at Dem. Nat. Convention - moral, philosophical orator) http://www.history.com/topics/us presidents/abraham-lincoln/videos/gilder-lehrman-house-divided (skip)
15.4 - DAY 4 • • • • •
BELL WORK - CHECK IN TWO SHEETS, THEN TODAY GO OVER 15.4 AND MIND MAP INSTRUCTIONS LINCOLN WINS - and says he would not expand nor abolish slavery...but this would mean eventually it would die out!
Once secession talks start in state of SC, Senator John J. Crittenden proposes a compromise but Lincoln, “The tug has come and better now than later…” December 20, 1860 SC seceded from Union - Miss., FL, AL, GA, LA, TX March 4, 1861 Lincoln’s inauguration - people can exercise right to amend, change, even overthrow...but not leave All gov.t property in South still belongs to Federal Govt/Union (Ft. Sumter) , hope the South comes back and we don’t have a war...
DAY 4 & 5 - CHAPTER 15 MIND MAP PROJECT
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4wZ5wV5dPZc MIND MAP VIDEO INSTRUCTIONS 1. CENTRAL IDEA (an image with a label) 2. MAIN TOPICS BRANCHES (curved, 1st, 2nd, 3rd level) 3. COLORS (diff. for each branch) 4. WORDS (Label 1 branch each for People, Events, Ideas) 5. IMAGES ( to ALL branches is best) 6. CONNECTIONS (now add specific words, images, definitions, and information - ex. Popular Sovereignty - is the authority of a government, etc… - image of white house)
UNIT 5 – THE NATION BREAKS APART
PRE-UNIT DAY
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COMPLETE MAP ACTIVITY - USE TEXTBOOK MAP ON PAGE 512 - DUE MON. MAY 9TH
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COMPLETE KTP/WORD SCRAMBLE - DO BOTH SIDES - DUE WEDNESDAY MAY 18TH
MAP OF THE UNITED STATES LEADING TO WAR - FREE, SLAVE, BORDER, ETC. STATES
UNIT 5 – THE NATION BREAKS APART CHAPTER 16 THE CIVIL WAR
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DAY 1 BELL WORK: IN YOUR NOTES SECTION OF BINDER, CREATE A CHART
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COMPARING THE CAUSES OF WAR AND THE EFFECTS OF WAR. WHEN IS WAR JUSTIFIED? WHEN DO THE BENEFITS OUTWEIGH THE COSTS?
Any questions about the Map OR KTP/Word Scramble???
DAY 1 – Background
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President Lincoln & President Davis – see article
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Lincoln – was NOT an Abolitionist! Wanted Union to stay together ( 1 Federally controlled Country not Sovereign States), protect democracy, not extend slavery into Territories
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Davis – Wealthy cotton family, career military & politician, “ States are INHERENTLY Sovereign ”
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Read their Bios – Think about, “Who would have been the better leader?”
DAY 1 - Background
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North v South – resources & advantages/disadvantages – INDEPENDENT RESEARCH – pay attention to the following:
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Union – population (22 V. 9 MILL), rail/canal/road, industry
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Confederacy – currency, exports, military tradition, farming/food production, strategy, short supply lines, home turf/wilderness
DAY 2 - Background
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Scott’s Great Snake – aka The Anaconda Plan
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Strategy - 1) Naval Blockade & 2) Control Mississippi River from Illinois to New Orleans to cut off insurgent states – goal was economic squeeze out with little bloodshed and no destruction of South
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Effects Confederacy to world, Destroy economy of the Confederacy, Cut comm./trade lines - see article - Cut off communication from
DAY 2 - Background
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Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee
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Grant – General failure, aka “Unconditional Surrender Grant”, “He Fights!”, scrappy and into the scorched Earth/destroy the South war philosophy
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Lee – a good man & great soldier, family military back to Revolution, still holds record for only West Point graduate without a single demerit against him, married Martha Washington’s great-granddaughter, aggressive methods that cost many lives, spent rest of life trying to heal wounds of nation
DAY 2 - Background
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Union and Confederate Soldiers UNION - had weapons, rations, sleeping tents UNION $13 V. CONFED. $11 MONTH 3.2 MILL TOTAL SOLDIERS
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22 people in North, 9 million people in South BOTH - Patriotism, leaving home
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Fort Sumter – Charleston, South Carolina - first spark of Civil War April 12th, 1861 Southern troops attack it and try and gain control from Union And so it begins…
DAY 3 & 4 - Battles Battle Chart - partner work
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Fort Sumter
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Battle of Bull Run
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7 Days Battle
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2 nd Battle of Bull Run
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Battle of Antietam
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Battle of Shiloh
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Siege of Vicksburg
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Battle of Gettysburg
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Pickett’s Charge
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In the style of ROME
Ancient battle formation, endless rows, mass casualties -
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Weapons - tied bayonets onto guns & charged
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Friend against friend, neighbor against neighbor - Bloody and violent on both sides
DAY 3 & 4 - Battles
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Confederate soldiers Paid $13 Larger population 2:1 Fighting against former friends/even family Well-supplied due to Industry of the North
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Union soldiers Paid less - $11 Smaller population pool Heavy desertion Less supplies but shorter supply lines
DAY 3 & 4 - Battles
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1st Battle of Bull Run - first major battle shattered hopes of quick victory http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/first-battle of-bull-run Battle of Antietam - bloodiest battle in U.S. History http://www.history.com/videos/the-battle-of-antietam Battle of Shiloh - Union gains control of Miss. River Valley http://www.history.com/videos/the-battle-of-shiloh Siege of Vicksburg - major turning point, began downfall of the Confederacy http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil war/american-civil-war-history/videos/the-union-siege-of-vicksburg Battle of Gettysburg - key battle that finally turned the tide - South will not advance further North http://www.history.com/videos/the battle-of-gettysburg
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DAY 5 – Emancipation Bell Work -CHECK-IN MAP AND BATTLE CHART Read the “Gettysburg” article and answer the following in your notes binder – “General Pickett is famous throughout History for leading the futile charge at Gettysburg. How would July 3 Cemetary Ridge?” rd have been different if he had not led the charge on Watch Gettysburg video if not done the day before
DAY 5 – Emancipation The Emancipation Proclamation – came after Union wins at Antietam – emancipated no one at all!!!
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President Lincoln did not feel he had the Constitutional right to end Slavery
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Many in North felt it should not be a goal of the Union to end slavery
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Lincoln knew he needed to use his Commander-In Chief role (War Powers) to emancipate them - thus the proclamation became a military strategy
DAY 5 – Emancipation http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham lincoln/videos/gilder-lehrman-the-emancipation-proclamation So Stated: 1.
Military order that freed slaves only in areas controlled by Confederacy 2.Allowed slavery in border states to continue to exist 3.Impossible to enforce because Confederacy was not under Federal control 4.Although the words were powerful, the impact was purely symbolic
DAY 6 – Daily Life
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CENTERS - Using your worksheet, read & examine the sources and answer the prompts (Prisoners of War/Desertion, Belle Boyd- Girl Spy, Drummer Boys)
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The Undertaker’s Role - We will read this as a class
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Dog tags created for identification purposes
DAY 7 – Daily Life
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From the beginning of the Civil War, President Lincoln argued that the Union forces were not fighting to end slavery but to prevent the disintegration of the United States
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Abolitionists own freedom ending slavery was the reason for the war & black people should be able to join the fight for their
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They were not allowed to serve as soldiers in the Union Army until January 1, 1863 - when the Emancipation Proclamation decreed that “ such persons [that is, African American men] of suitable condition, will be received into the armed services of the United States.
”
DAY 7 – The 54th Massachusetts Infantry
• • http://www.history.com/topics/the-54th-massachusetts-infantry Led by Robert Gould Shaw in Boston, Mass - prominent abolitionist family • Fort Wagner - heroic, kept going, a brave charge although they lost • William Carney ground” - first black man ever to receive the Congressional Medal of Honor, “Flag never touched the • Willing to sacrifice their lives for a nation that they were not citizens of…
(Glory http://www.imdb.com/video/imdb/vi732561689/ )
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DAY 7 – Gettysburg
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Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address one of the most powerful and poignant speeches in American History is regarded as
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In November 1863, President Abraham Lincoln was invited to deliver remarks at the official dedication ceremony for the National Cemetery of Gettysburg most decisive battles of the Civil War in Pennsylvania, on the site of one of the bloodiest and Though he was not the featured orator that day, Lincoln’s 273-word address would be remembered as one of the most important speeches in American history
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DAY 7 – Gettysburg
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In it, he invoked the principles of
equality
its
human
contained in the Declaration of Independence and connected the sacrifices of the Civil War with the desire for “a new birth of freedom,” as well as the all-important preservation of the Union created in 1776 and
ideal of self-government
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https://youtu.be/9TCMHVmNc5w The Gettysburg Address
DAY 8 – The War Comes to a Close
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Sherman’s March to the Sea - Spring of 1864 Union General William Tecumseh Sherman 100,000 troops from TN to Atlanta, GA - goal of taking out that important railroad link
• Sept. 2, 1864 -
fire/artillery and is evacuated “War is war and not popularity landslide seeking” Atlanta leaves with falls after heavy
• Helps to re-elect increasingly unpopular Lincoln in a
DAY 8 – The War Comes to a Close
• Sherman practiced
Total War - destroying all civilian and economic resources
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“Make Georgia Howl” , freed slaves, burned plantations
(Gone with the Wind)
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Break the South’s will by marching through heart of the Confederacy - instilled a hatred of the North that would last generations (aka “The War of Northern Aggression”) http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil war/american-civil-war-history/videos/shermans terrifying-tactics
DAY 9 – The South Surrenders
• Early April 1865 - Sherman closes in on NC, Grant
breaks Petersburg, and Lee retreats from Richmond
• Grant surrounds Lee in VA and Lee tries to get to the
Carolinas but could not break through the Union Line
• April 9, 1865 -
Courthouse “There is nothing left for me to do but go and see General Grant...and I would rather die a thousand deaths...” Lee surrenders at Appomattox
• Confederate troops would be fed, allowed to keep
horses, not tried for treason
DAY 9 – Causes & Effects of the Civil War
• • DISAGREEMENT OVER THE INSTITUTION OF
SLAVERY ECONOMIC
DIFFERENCES • PLOTICAL DIFFERENCES – STATES’ RIGHTS VERSUS FEDERAL POWER
(federalism vs. anti federalism
) • • • • • • 620,000 Americans killed End of Slavery in the South (although majority of freed had no homes or jobs) Southern economy in ruins Military Districts created Tremendous amount of hostility between North and South Life as citizens difficult for African-Americans especially in the South (civil rights)
DAY 10/11 – Effects of the Civil War
PRESIDENT LINCOLN • Revenue Act of 1862 established the United States' first income tax, largely to pay the costs of total war & the Homestead Act of 1862 encouraged settlement of the West by offering 160 acres of free land to settlers • Created the Department of Agriculture & formally instituted the Thanksgiving holiday. Greatly restricted the civil liberties of due process & freedom of the press
DAY 10/11 – Effects of the Civil War
On April 14, 1865, while attending a play at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., Abraham Lincoln was shot by Confederate sympathizer, John Wilkes Booth. The assassination was part of a larger plot to eliminate the Northern government that also left Secretary of State William Seward grievously injured. Lincoln died the following day, and with him the hope of reconstructing the nation without bitterness
DAY 10/11 – Effects of the Civil War
President Davis • Davis was devastated by the fall of the Confederacy. Refusing to admit defeat, he hoped to flee to a sympathetic foreign nation such as Britain or France, and was weighing the merits of forming a government in exile when he was arrested by a detachment of the 4th Michigan Cavalry • A certain amount of controversy surrounds his capture, as Davis was wearing his wife’s black shawl when the Union troops cornered him. The Northern press ridiculed him as a coward, alleging that he had disguised himself as a woman in an ill-fated attempt to escape. However, Davis, and especially his wife, Varina, maintained that he was ill and that Varina had lent him her shawl to keep his health up during their difficult journey
DAY 10/11 – Effects of the Civil War
President Davis • Imprisoned for two years at Fort Monroe, Virginia, Davis was indicted for treason, but was never tried – the federal government feared that Davis would be able prove to a jury that the Southern secession of 1860 to 1861 was legal. Varina worked determinedly to secure his freedom, and in May 1867 Jefferson Davis was released on bail, with several wealthy Northerners helping him pay for his freedom • After a number of unsuccessful business ventures, he retired to Beauvoir, his home near Biloxi, Mississippi, and began writing his two volume memoir
The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government
(1881). He died in 1889 and was buried at New Orleans; four years later, his body was moved to its permanent resting spot in Richmond, Virginia
DAY 10/11 – Effects of the Civil War
• General Grant • After the Civil War, President Andrew Johnson named Grant Secretary of War over the newly reunited nation • In 1868, running against Johnson, Ulysses S. Grant was elected eighteenth President of the United States • Unfortunately, Grant’s administration was riddled with corruption & scandal – lots of scandal!!!
DAY 10/11 – Effects of the Civil War
General Grant • • Following his second term in office, Grant made a triumphal tour of the world In 1884, he lost his entire savings to a corrupt bank. To make up some of his losses, he was inspired to write his excellent autobiography,
Personal Memoirs of U.S. Grant
the age of sixty-three , finishing the two-volume set only a few days before dying of cancer at • Ulysses S. Grant is buried in New York City in the largest mausoleum of its kind in the United States. Reminiscent of Napoleon's tomb in Paris, Grant's tomb is a National Memorial
DAY 10/11 – Effects of the Civil War
General Lee • After Robert E. Lee surrendered at Appomattox courthouse on April 9, 1865, the general was pardoned by President Lincoln. He was unable to return to his estate in Arlington, Virginia, however, because it now sat in the middle of a national cemetery, overlooking the graves of thousands of union soldiers • Lee and his family instead moved to Lexington, Virginia, where he became the president of Washington College -he accepted this low-profile post, which paid only $1,500 a year, because he felt it unseemly to profit after such a bloody and divisive conflict • In 1865, Lee signed an amnesty oath, asking once again to become a citizen of the United States - he did so as an act of encouragement for confederate soldiers to rejoin the United States
DAY 10/11 – Effects of the Civil War
General Lee • Lee's own desire to become an American citizen fell victim to fate. His oath of allegiance was misplaced, and he was still considered a guest in his own country when he died of heart failure on October 12, 1870. Lee's oath was only discovered 100 years later in the National Archives • On August 5, 1975, at a ceremony at Arlington House, President Gerald Ford called Lee an example to succeeding generations and had his citizenship restored. He is buried on the grounds of the former Washington College, now known as Washington and Lee University
DAY 11 - 14
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D11 - FINISH NOTES FROM YESTERDAY AND READ IN CONCLUSION ARTICLE - WHOLE CLASS D12 - KTP CHECK-IN, PHOTO ANALYSIS -
Complete the Level I Analysis Questions for the photo attempt Level II Analysis - discuss end of class
D13 - STUDY GUIDE DUE THUR 5/19 - Review Day D14 - TEST FRI 5/20 - WILL ALSO SERVE AS YOUR FINAL EXAM - ONE CLASS PERIOD
TEST DAY 1. TAKE A TEST SHEET FROM LONELY DESK 2. WRITE ON LOOSE LEAF; NOT ON THE TEST 3. TURN INTO BINS ON LONELY DESK WHEN FINISHED MAKE SURE YOUR NAME IS ON IT 4. SIT QUIETLY OR READ 5.
RELAX….YOU KNOW THIS! :)
EXTRA DAYS
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RECONSTRUCTION THINGLINK Create a ThingLink discussing Reconstruction – see handout You will use this next year!
LAST DAY - HAND BACK TESTS, BINDER DUMP, & THE LAST LECTURE VIDEO Marcus Tullius Cicero (Roman statesman, 106 –43 B.C.) "To be ignorant of what occurred before you were born is to remain always a child. For what is the worth of human life, unless it is woven into the life of our ancestors by the records of history?"
— Cicero
LAST LECTURE :)