Extended Learning Module D Network Basics

   What is a Computer Network? What are the Benefits of Computer Networking? Describe some networks

Introduction



Computer network

- two or more computers connected so that they can communicate with each other and share information, software, peripheral devices, and/or processing power.

Advantages of Networks:

       streamline work _________ and cut costs allow people within organizations to collaborate share hardware, software, and processing power enable geographically distant work groups to communicate with each other allow businesses to ________ information with external groups such as suppliers shorten business lead times and response times support electronic commerce

Introduction

Basic Principles of Networks 1.

2.

3.

4.

Each computer must have a network card. A network has at least one connecting device.

There must be communications media connecting the network hardware devices. Each computer must have software that supports the movement of information.

Peer-to-Peer Home Networks

    

Peer-to-Peer Home Networks

 Internet Access Business Networks LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Communications Service Providers

Peer-to-Peer Home Network



Peer-to-peer network -

a network in which a small number of computers share hardware, software and/or information. 

You can setup a small peer-to-peer network

  With Ethernet cards

(NIC)

cables and dedicated Using the existing phone wiring

Peer-to-Peer Home Network

Home Network Components Figure D.1

Hub, Switch, and Router as Roadway Intersections page 428

Peer-to-Peer Home Network

Home Network Components Typical Home Network Figure D.2

page 429

Peer-to-Peer Home Network

Wireless Access to Your Home Network 

Wireless network access point wireless access point

allows computers to access a or - a device that _________ network using radio waves.

Peer-to-Peer Home Network

Wireless Access to Your Home Network 

WiFi, Wireless Fidelity,

or

IEEE 802.11b -

a way of transmitting information in wave form that is reasonably fast and is often used for notebooks. 

Bluetooth

technology - provides entirely wireless connections for all kinds of communication devices.

Internet Access

     Peer-to-Peer Home Networks

Internet Access

 Business Networks LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Communications Service Providers

Internet Access

3.

4.

5.

Ways to Access the Internet at Home 1.

2.

Telephone line and a telephone or dial-up modem. Telephone line and a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) modem.

Cable TV line and a cable modem.

Satellite dish and a satellite modem. Provider that offers wireless connection for your notebook.

Internet Access Wireless Internet Connection 

Wireless Internet service provider (wireless ISP)

- does the same job as standard Internet service providers except that you don’t need a wired connection for access.

Business Networks

     Peer-to-Peer Home Networks Internet Access

Business Networks

 LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Communications Service Providers

Business Networks



Client/server network

clients.

- a network in which one or more computers are servers and provide services to the other computers which are called

Client/Server Architecture

Client

URL Database Query Requests & Parameters TCP/IP HTTP Response & Results

Server

Disks for Storage

Business Networks

Client/Server: A Physical View  

There are many physical implementations of client/server networks Conceptually, large networks work on the same principles as small ones

Business Networks

Client/Server: A Physical View 

You still need

 Network cards      Hubs Switches Routers Communications media and Network operating systems

Business Networks

Client/Server: A Physical View  (

Communications protocol protocol

) - a set of rules that every computer follows to transfer information.

LANs, MANs, MANs and Communications Media

     Peer-to-Peer Home Networks Internet Access Business Networks

LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media

 Communications Service Providers

LANs, MANs, WANs, & Communications Media Classification of Networks by Geographic Distance 

Local area network (LAN)

- covers a limited _________ distance, such as an office, building, or a group of buildings in close proximity to each other. 

Municipal area network (MAN) -

area.

covers a ________ 

Wide area network (WAN)

geographic distances, such as a state, a country, or even the entire _________.

– covers a large

LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Telecommunications Media: The Paths That Carry Information 

Communications media

- the paths, or physical channels, in a network over which information travels.



Wired ___________ media

over a closed, connected path. - transmit information 

__________communications media -

information through the air. transmit

LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Telecommunications Media: The Paths That Carry Information  Wired Communications Media include:    Twisted-pair cable ________ cable Optical Fiber

LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Telecommunications Media: The Paths That Carry Information  Wireless Communications Media Include:    Microwave _________ Infrared

LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Infrared and Omnidirectional Microware for Short Distances  Wireless communications media radiate information into the air, either very narrowly beamed or in many directions like ripples from a pebble tossed into a pond.



Infrared

- a wireless communications medium that uses radio waves to transmit signals or information.

 Bluetooth 

Microwave

transmission - a type of radio transmission.  WiFi  http://www.wi-fihotspotlist.com/

Communications Service Providers



Communications service providers

parties who furnish the conduit for information. - third 

Public network

- a network on which your organization _________ for time with others.

Communications Service Providers



Private network

- communications media that your organization ______ or exclusively leases to connect networks or network components. 

Value-added network (VAN)

provides services beyond the movement of information from one place to another. - a semipublic network that 

Virtual private network (VPN)

– uses software to establish a ________ channel on the Internet for transmitting data.

Communications Service Providers Key Considerations for Communications Media  To determine the most appropriate communications medium, you must consider:      Capacity Reliability Cost Distance Mobility