Transcript 고등무기화학-1111
Nomenclature Inorganic, Transition Metal, and organometallic compounds 연*경 INDEX Nomenclature 1) Inorganic compounds 2) Transition Metal compounds 3) Organometalic compounds Inorganic Chemistry What is Inorganic Chemistry? Organic chemistry Inorganic chemistry the chemistry of life the chemistry of everything else the chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds the chemistry of the whole Periodic Table C, H, N, O (including carbon) Inorganic Chemistry Nomenclature of inorganic compounds 이온결합화합물 1) 이성분 화합물 영어명의 경우 양이온(원소명) + 음이온(원소명 어간 + ide) Ex) NaCl sodium chloride KBr potassium bromide 3) 전이금속 a. 두 종류 이상의 양이온을 만드는 금속 이온의 경우 전하가 낮은 쪽을 -ous, 전하가 높은 쪽을 -ic를 붙여서 명명 Ex) FeCl2ferrous chloride FeCl3 ferric chloride b. 산화수 사용(Stock식) 원소명 뒤에 괄호 안에 로마숫자로 나타낸다. 2) 삼성분 화합물 이성분 화합물의 경우와 같은 방법으로 명명 Ex) KCN potassium cyanide H2O2 hydrogen peroxide Ex) FeCl2 FeCl3 iron(II) chloride iron(III) chloride Nomenclature of inorganic compounds 분자화합물 1) 이온화합물의 경우와 같이 음이온의 이름 끝에 –ide를 붙인다. (한 쌍의 원소가 둘 이상의 화합물을 만들 때는 원소의 수를 그리스어 접두사를 붙여서 표시) Ex ) HCl hydrogen chloride SiC silicon carbide CO2 carbon dioxide NO2 nitrogen dioxide HBr hydrogen bromide CO carbon monoxide N2O dinitron oxide N2O4 dinitrogen tetraoxide 2) 수소를 포함하는 분자화합물 관용명을 사용하거나 H 원자수를 나타내지 않는다. Ex) B2H6 diborane PH3 phosphine SiH4 silane H2S hydrogen sulfide NH3 ammonia Nomenclature of inorganic compounds 산과 염기 1) 산의 명명 a. 외형적 상태에 따라 이름이 다르다. Ex) HCl hydrogen chloride HCl hydrochloric acid (기체나 순수한 액체) (물에 녹은 경우) b. 산소산(화학식은 수소+중심원소+산소 순으로 표기) Ex) H2CO3 carbonic acid H2SO4 sulfuric acid HNO3 nitric acid HClO3 chloric acid c. 같은 중심원자에 다른 산원자 수를 가지는 산 Ex) HClO4 HClO3 HClO2 HClO perchloricacid chloric acid chlorous acid hypoclorous acid 2) 염기의 명명 Ex) NaOH sodium hydroxide Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide Nomenclature of inorganic compounds 수화물 화합물명 +(배접사+ hydrate) 무수물의 경우는 anhydrous라고 표현한다. Ex) BaCl22H2O LiClH2O MgSO47H2O barium chloride dihydrate lithiummonohydrate magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Nomenclature of Transition Metal compounds No. Nomenclature Rules Example [Ag(NH3)2]Cl, diamminesilver(I) chloride 1 The positive ion (cation) comes first, followed by the negative ion (anion). K3[Fe(CN)6], potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) Nonionic complexes: one-word name [Co(NO2)3(NH3)3], triamminetrinitrocobalt(III) 2 The inner coordination sphere is enclosed in square bracket in the formula. Within the coordination sphere, the ligands are named before the metal, but in formulas the metal ion is written first. tetraamminecopper(II) sulfate, [Cu(NH3)4]SO4 Nomenclature of Transition Metal compounds No. Nomenclature Rules Example dichlorobis(ethylemediamine)cobalt(III), [Co(NH2CH2CH2NH2)2Cl2]+ The number of ligands of one kind is given 3 by the following prefix Ligands are named in alphabetical order, 4 although exceptions to this rules are common. 2 3 4 5 di tri tetra penta bis tris tetrakis pentakis 6 7 8 9 10 hexa hepta octa nona deca hexakis heptakis octakis nonakis decakis tetraamminedichlorocobalt(III), [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ Nomenclature of Transition Metal compounds No. Nomenclature Rules Anion ligands are given an o suffix. Example chloro, Cl- bromo, Br- sulfato, SO42- 5 Neutral ligands retain their usual name. ammine, NH3 aqua, H2O carbonyl CO designing charge or oxidation number; a. The Stock system puts the calculated oxidation number of the metal ion as a 6 Roman numeral in parentheses after the tetraammineplatinum(II) or tetraammineplatinum(2+), name of the metal. [Pt(NH3)4]2+ b. The Ewing Bassett system puts the charge on the coordination sphere in parentheses after the name of the metal. Nomenclature of Transition Metal compounds No. Nomenclature Rules Example The prefix cis- and trans-designate 7 adjacent and opposite geometric locations. tris(tetraammine-μ-dihydroxocobalt)cobalt(6+), [Co(Co(NH3)4(μ-OH)2)3]6+ Bridging ligands 8 between two metal ions have the prefix μ -. μ-amido-μ-hydroxobis(tetraamminecobalt)(4+) Nomenclature of Transition Metal compounds No. Nomenclature Rules When the complex is negatively charged, the name ends with –ate. Example iron (Fe) ferrate silver (Ag) argentate lead (Pb) plumbate tin (Sn) stannat 9 the names for the following metals are derived from the source of their symbols, rather than from their English names: gold(Au) aurate teteachloroferrate(III) or tetrachloroferrate(1-), [FeCl4]dicyanoaurate(I) or dicyanoaurate(1-), [Au(CN)2]- Nomenclature of Transition Metal compounds Ligands with two or more points of attachment to metal atoms are called chelating ligands, and the compounds are called chelates. One point attachment ligands: monodentate (ex: ammonia) Two point attachment ligands: bidentate (ex: ethylenediamine) Organic ligands are frequently named with older trivial name rather than with IUPAC names! Common Monodentate Ligands Common Multidentate Ligands Common Multidentate Ligands Organometallic Chemistry Organometallic chemistry 무기화학과 유기화학의 관점을 융합한 화학으로 탄소와 무기물인 금속 사이의 결합으로 이루어진 화합물을 다룸 (organometallic compounds) Nomenclature of Organometallic Compounds Write hydrocarbon ligands before the metal Ex) Ferrocene Bis(pentahaptocyclopentadienyl)iron Nomenclature of Organometallic Compounds Number of Bonding Positions Formula Name 1 η1 −C5 H5 Monohaptocyclopentadienyl 3 η3 −C5 H5 Trihaptocyclopentadienyl 5 η5 −C5 H5 pentahaptocyclopentadienyl Nomenclature of Organometallic Compounds Number of Atoms Formula Bridged None(terminal) CO 2 μ2 -CO 3 μ3 -CO Nomenclature of Organometallic Compounds Ex) [(η5 −C5 H5 )Mo(μ2 −CO) 2 ]2 Bis(μ2 -dicarbonylcyclopentadienylmolybdenum) Fe(CO)9 tri-μ-carbonyl-bis(tricarbonyliron) Nomenclature of Organometallic Compounds Example Bis(tricarbonylcyclopentadienylmolybdenum) (η1 −C5 H5 )(η5 −C5 H5 )Fe(CO)2 Organometallic Compounds Example RhCl(PPh3)3 Tris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium chloride (η3 −C3 H5 )Mn(CO)4 Tetracabonyl𝜋-allylmanganese THANK YOU FOR LISTENING