Transcript Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen.
Experience in Space Programs
Uldis Stirna, Ugis Cabulis, Anda Fridrihsone
Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen
• • • •
founded in 1946 120 employees 32
doctors
of science turnover 2.0 mil. EUR The main scientific research are based on the beneficial and ecologically balanced technologies aimed at maximum and sustainable usage of the plant biomass potential.
Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen
Polymer laboratory
History
•The first activities in polyurethane chemistry in 1964, • In PUR chemistry and technology 40 years, • Main activities in field – PUR from renewable raw materials: tall oil, oxalic
acid, different vegetable oils, starch.
Polymer laboratory
Present
EVolution BioPurFil
Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen
Polymer laboratory History Present
Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen
LH2 & LOX Tank Configuration for the Upper Stage
Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen
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Cryogenic Insulation Requirements
Thermal: heat flux < 0.2 W/m² h
minimized boil-off mass
therm.conductivity especcially in cryogenic regime required.
low Resistance against aerothermal heating: > 10kW/m² & higher
significant degradation
low flammability
self extinguishing.
no Thermal expansion: difference in thermal expansion of substrates and insulation shall be low.
Cryo-pumping: low or negligible
influenced by morphological structure Mechanical properties:
-
Tensile strength (avoid crack formation due to thermal and pressure loads), Compressive strength
Shear strength
difficult in cryo regime, loads from flow field in outer layer and I/F to substrate.
Permeability: limit concentration of hazardous gases and those which can degrade thermal performance
compatibility to purging gases (He + N2).
Mass & volume: m< 2.2kg/m², thickness < 60mm.
Other requirements:
pollution during ground & flight
recurring costs.
Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen Foams Mechanical and Thermal Properties SOFI Material Morphology SOFI Material Technological Parameters Thermal and Diffusion Properties (Cryopumping) Chemical Structure and M c of Foam Material Polymer Matrix Thermal Stresses and Thermal Strain Properties External Tank Insulation Cryogenic Resistance SOFI Material Deffects Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen
M
c
influence on mechanical characteristics
2 1,5 1 0,5 0 0 500 M c 1000 296 K 77 K 1500 Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen
M
c
influence on mechanical characteristics
30 296 K 77 K 20 10 0 0 500 M c Conventional PU foams 1000 1500 Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen
M
c
influence on mechanical characteristics
5 4 3 2 1 0 0 500 1000
K
s
=
e
77
/
D
l
77-300 1500 M c Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen
The upper layer of spray PUR performs mainly the heat protection functions The middle layer during the flight should perform mainly the functions of a good thermal insulation material + The layer adjacent to the metal (the cold part), are especially important – this layer should be capable of resisting the tensile stress, which arises as the LH 2 is fuelled tank -
Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen
Thermal Conductance Measurements at Cryogenic Temperatures
Liquid Hydrogen Calorymeter Heater Plate Sample 1 Sample 2 Cryostat Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen Cooperation with EADS Astrium GmbH since 2005, the following common projects were done: 2005
No. M15/4500089060
Feasibility Study on Cryogenic Insulation materials and Technologies Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen 2006
No. 06/EADS-ST GmbH/ Latvian / 1 / D.2371.01
Bacground study 2006 - 07
No. 06/ASTRIUM GmbH / Latvian C3B / 0001
Feasibility Study , Preparation of the First Feasability Tests 2007 - 08
No. 07/ASTRIUM GmbH / Latvian C3B / 0001
C 3
B – Technologies for re-ignitable cryogenic upper stages, Internal Insulation (ITI)
2007 - 08
No. 07/ASTRIUM GmbH / Latvian C3B / 0002
External Thermal Insulation (ETI) 2009 - 10
No. 09/ASTRIUM GmbH / LSIWC-Success/0001
Continuation of External Cryogenic Insulation (ETI) Development Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
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Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga
Development of Cryogenic Insulation Material for Liquefied Hydrogen
Thank you for attention !
Workshop „Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in Research and Application” , Oct.4-5, 2012, Riga