Transcript Motorcycle Crashes Michigan Traffic Safety Summit Lidia P. Kostyniuk, Ph.D., P.E.

Motorcycle Crashes
Lidia P. Kostyniuk, Ph.D., P.E.
University of Michigan Transportation Research institute
Michigan Traffic Safety Summit
April 28, 2004
Background
80% of motorcycle crashes result in
death or injury
 Between 1997 and 2001 in U.S.

– 26% increase in motorcycles
– 51% increase in motorcyclist deaths

In 2002
– 2.2% of U.S. vehicles were motorcycles
– 7.6% of U.S. traffic fatalities involved
motorcycles

Increase in motorcycles expected to
continue
UMTRI
Michigan Motorcycle Registrations and
License Endorsements
Registered
Motorcycles
Motorcycle
Endorsements
225,000
525,000
200,000
500,000
175,000
475,000
250,000
550,000
150,000
Rate per 1000 Drivers
1.8101965 1.7056742 1.5518102
1.483
450,000
1.324
125,000
425,000
100,000
400,000
1997 1998
Registrations
Registrations + 45%
Endorsements + 8%
1999 2000
2001 2002
License Endorsements
UMTRI
Crashes involving motorcycles
Michigan, 1997-2002
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
2,997 2,914
3,184 3,216 3,051
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2,543
1,500
1,000
500
0
Motorcycle Crashes
20% increase from 1997
But, 7% decrease in all crashes from 1997
UMTRI
Number of persons killed in crashes
involving motorcycles
persons killed
100
94
79
80
80
64
60
54
40
20
82
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
0
28% increase from 1997,
But 12% decrease in all traffic fatalities
UMTRI
Number of persons injured in crashes
involving motorcycles
persons injured
3,000
2,500
2,611
2,540
2,707
2,238
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
2,767
2,607
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
0
17% increase from 1997,
But 18% decrease in all traffic injuries
UMTRI
Crash-involved motorcyclists by age
3,500
Motorcyclists
3,000
2,500
65+
45-64
30-44
19-29
<19
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Age 45-64 - 87% increase
UMTRI
Motorcycle Crash Rates
Count
Rate
4,000
25
20
15
3,000
Rate per 1000 Drivers
1.8101965 1.7056742 1.5518102
1.483
1.324
10
5
2,000
0
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Crash Count
Rate per 1000 Reg. Motorcycles
Rate per 1000 Lic. Motorcyclists
UMTRI
Crash-involved motorcyclists by license
3,500
Motorcyclists
3,000
2,500
no license
2,000
no endorsement on
license
license with
endorsment
1,500
1,000
500
0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
55-56% legally licensed for motorcycle
~10% no drivers’ license of any type
UMTRI
Who was not licensed to drive
motorcycle in 2002
Crash-involved No endorsement
Group
on driver’s license
No driver’s
license
< 19
19-29
30-44
45-64
65+
23%
49%
35%
27%
19%
54%
4%
5%
3%
2%
Men
Women
34%
35%
8%
10%
UMTRI
Most motorcycle crashes






Dry road
(89-94%)
Good weather
(73-81%)
Daylight
(68-71%)
Peak Months June, July, August
Peak days
Saturday, Sunday
Peak hours 3-6 pm
UMTRI
Single and multi-vehicle crashes
About half motorcycle crashes are
single vehicle crashes
 No difference by month, day of
week, weather, road type, road
condition
 More single vehicle crashes at night
 Slightly more single vehicle crashes
involve drinking driver

UMTRI
Percent of drivers
Hazardous Actions, 2002
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
e
n
No
d
e
e
Sp
o
to
st
a
f
i
Fa
o
lt
ld
ie
y
C
ar
e
l
s
di
ce
n
ta
ck
e
R
s
s
le
2002 Citations
13% of motorcyclists, 30% of other drivers
MC - single veh
MC - multi veh
Other - multi veh
UMTRI
Number of Had-been-drinking crashes
(motorcyclist drinking)
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
391
300
256
8-10% of all motorcycle crashes
4% decrease from 1997
243
275
237
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
UMTRI
HBD Motorcycle Crashes

Fatalities
1997 – 30 deaths (47% of mc fatalities )
2002 – 24 deaths (29%)
20% decrease

Injuries
1997 – 302 injuries (14%)
2002 – 270 injuries (10%)
11% decrease
UMTRI
BAC levels of tested fatal-crash involved
motorcyclists
No. of Motorcyclists
70
60
50
BAC>0.10
0.08<BAC<0.10
0.0<BAC<0.08
BAC=0.00
40
30
20
10
0
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
64-84% of fatal-crash involved motorcyclists tested for BAC
UMTRI
Helmet use

Helmet use is high
– 94% in 1997, 96.5% in 2002

Lower severity in crashes
– with helmet
 22-25% killed or severely injured
– without helmet
 27-38% killed or severely injured
UMTRI
DOT-certified helmet and novelty helmet
UMTRI
Michigan trends, 1997-2002








45% increase in registered motorcycles
8% increase in licensed motorcyclists
Aging of licensed motorcyclists
20% increase in all motorcycle crashes
27% increase in fatal motorcycle crashes
44% crash-involved motorcyclists – no
endorsement on license
10% - no license
Proportion of HBD crashes decreased from 12%
to 9%
UMTRI
What can be done

Licensing
– PIE, enforcement
– Training programs, insurance co, dealers

Skill levels
– Train and test on bike of size and type to be used

Helmet use
– Educate, encourage, enforce use of DOT-approved
helmets

Educate other drivers
– PIE programs “how to drive safely near motorcycles”

Obtain better estimates
– of motorcyclists
– amount of motorcycle travel in Michigan
UMTRI
Thank you
UMTRI