Transcript Sai Kung Air Pollution Sector

Sai
Kung
Sector
Air Pollution
Geographical characteristics and
popultaion
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Sai Kung District covers area of 12,680
hectares and has a population of:
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Sai Kung Central – 13 261
Pak Sha Wan – 14 973
Sai Kung Islands – 9 360
Hang Hau East – 17 714
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Map
Main Concerns
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Why do I scope on air pollution ?
Air Pollution is a very serious problem in Hong Kong and thus, Sai Kung.
Although, Sai Kung is an outlying area, so the situation is not that bad right
mow, as amongst the skyscrapers in downtown.
But without taking appropriate steps, it will change to worse.
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Air pollution can make you sick. It can cause burning eyes
and nose itchy, irritated throat, as well as trouble in breathing.
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Some chemicals found in polluted air cause cancer, birth
defects, brain and nerve damage and long-term injury to the
lungs and breathing passages.
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Some air pollutants are so dangerous that accidental
releases can cause serious injury or even death.
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Air pollution can damage the environment - Trees, lakes and
animals have been harmed by air pollution.
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Air pollutants have thinned the protective ozone layer above the
Earth - this loss of ozone could cause changes in the environment
as well as more skin cancer and eye damages in people.
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Air pollution can damage property - It can dirty buildings and other
structures. Some common pollutants eat away stone, damaging
buildings, monuments and statues.
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Air pollution can cause haze, reducing visibility in cities and national
parks and sometime interfering with aviation.
General Guidelines
Clear Air Act
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Was passed by US congress in 1963, last amended in 1990.
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It requires to set national Ambient Air Quality Standards for
pollutants considered harmful to public health and
environment.
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Those standards were divided into two categories:
Primary standards
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They set limits to protect public health, including
„sensitive” population such as asthmatics,
children and the elderly
Secondary Standards
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They set limits to protect public welfare,
including protection against decreased visibility,
damage to animals, crops, vegetation and
buildings
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Unit of measure for the standards, are parts per
million (ppm) by volume, milligrams per cubic
meter of air (mg/m3), and micrograms per cubic
meter of air (µg/m3).
Hong Kong Government Air
Pollution Index
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The Air Pollution Index (API) is a simple tool to describe air
quality in Hong Kong. It is in the form of scale from 0 to 500,
which is calculated from several sets of air pollution data (6
main pollutants)
Air Pollution Index in Hong Kong
15:00 21-Oct-2006
Station Placement
There is no Station located near Sai Kung !
There are six common air
pollutants :
One of the ground level air pollutant, that causes human health problems
and damages the environment is ozone. It is also the main ingredient of
urban smog VOC + NOx + Sunlight = Ozone
Particulate Matter – in another words a particle pollution or PM – it is a complex
amalgam of extremely small particles and liquid droplets. It is mainly consists of
acids (like nitrates and sulfates), organic chemicals, metals, soil and dust particles
Carbon monoxide, is a odorless, colorless gas which is formed when
carbon in fuel is not burned Completely. It is a component of motor vehicle
exhaust. Massive improvements in emission control technology and vehicles,
reduced it’s emissions
Nitrogen oxides, in another words NOx, it’s a group of gases, in which all of them
Can find nitrogen and oxygen in varying amounts. They are mainly color and
odorless.
However, nitrogen dioxide NO2 which is common pollutant, can be seen as a
brown-reddish layer over urban areas.
Sulfur dioxide, in another words SO2. Those gases are easily dissolvable in water.
SO gases are formed during burning of fuel that contains coal or oil or during gasoline
extraction from oils.
Lead is a metal, which is found naturally in the environment, as well as in
manufactured
Goods. Historically, the major source of lead have been motor vehicles (cars,
trucks, etc.)
but now highest level of lead emission is in the metal processing sector.