Transcript Course 7 – Igneous Rocks Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks

Modern Concepts in Earth Science
Course 7 – Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks
Formed in Rift
Igneous Rocks
Formed Above
Subducting Plate
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Extrusive Igneous Rock
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Intrusive Igneous Rock
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Bowen’s Reaction Series
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Igneous Rock Classification by Composition
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Mafic Rocks
Gabbro
Basalt
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Intermediate Rocks
Diorite
Andesite
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Felsic Rocks
Granite
Rhyolite
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Ultramafic Rocks
Peridotite
Komatiite
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Ternary Diagrams
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Modal Classification of Igneous Rocks
Q
Q
Quartzolite
90
90
Plutonic
Volcanic
Quartz-rich
Granitoid
60
60
20
10
A
Rhyolite
20
Quartz
Syenite
Syenite 35
(Foid)-bearing
Syenite
Quartz
Monzonite
Qtz. Diorite/
Qtz. Gabbro
Quartz
Monzodiorite
Monzodiorite
Monzonite
65
(Foid)-bearing
(Foid)-bearing
Monzonite
Monzodiorite
5
90
(Foid)-bearing
Alkali Fs.Syenite
(Foid)-bearing
Diorite/Gabbro
(Foid)
Monzodiorite
60
20
Trachyte
35
A
(foid)-bearing
Trachyte
10
Q = Quartz
(foid)-bearing
Latite
Tephrite
60
60
A = Alkali Feldspar
F = Feldspathoids
P = Plagioclase
65
(foid)-bearing
Andesite/Basalt
P
10
(Foid)ites
(Foid)olites
F
Andesite/
Basalt
Latite
Phonolite
60
Dacite
20
Diorite/Gabbro/
Anorthosite
P
10
10
(Foid)
Monzosyenite
60
Granodiorite
Granite
Alkali Fs.
Quartz Syenite
Alkali Fs.
5
Syenite
60
F
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Igneous Textures
Aphanitic texture - basalt
Phaneritic texture - granite
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Igneous Textures
Porphyritic texture - Granite
Volcanic Glass - Obsidian
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Igneous Textures
Volcaniclastic Rock - Pyroclastic Flows
Pegmatite
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Summary of Igneous Rock Texture and Composition
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Continental Large Igneous Provinces
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Geothermal Gradient
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Melting Temperatures (Dry Igneous Rocks)
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Melting Temperatures (Wet Igneous Rocks)
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Decompression melting
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The Role of Water
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Magmatic Differentiation and Assimilation
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The Andesite Line
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Structure of Oceanic Crust and Formation of Ophiolites
pillow basalt
sheeted diabase dike swarms
gabbro
layered gabbro
mantle peridotite, dunite,
lherzolite, or hartzbergite.