Transcript Document 7707986
DOMINANT AND RECESSIVE TRAITS
ATTACHED / UNATTACHED EARLOBES
UNATTACHED
DOMINANT
ATTACHED
RECESSIVE
ROLLING YOUR TONGUE
ROLLER
DOMINANT
NONROLLER
RECESSIVE
WIDOW’S PEAK
WIDOW’S PEAK
DOMINANT
STRAIGHT HAIRLINE
RECESSIVE
HITCHHIKER’S THUMB
STRAIGHT THUMB
DOMINANT
HITCHHIKER’S THUMB
RECESSIVE
PINKIES
BENT PINKIES
DOMINANT
STRAIGHT PINKIES
RECESSIVE
CLEFT CHIN
CLEFT
DOMINANT
NO CLEFT
RECESSIVE
SECOND TOES
LONGER SECOND TOE
DOMINANT
SHORTER SECOND TOE
RECESSIVE
NUMBER OF FINGERS
SIX FINGERS: POLYDACTYLY
DOMINANT!!!!
FIVE FINGERS
RECESSIVE
• A family tree traces a family name and various family members through successive generations.
• Through a family tree, you can identify the relationships among your cousins, aunts, uncles, grandparents, and great-grandparents.
• A pedigree is a family tree that traces an inherited trait.
• It is made up of a set of symbols that identify
males
and
females
, individuals
affected
studied, and family relationships.
by the trait being
Male Female Affected male Affected female
Pedigree Symbols
Ended Relationship Line Relationship Line Parent/Children Line Male carrier of a recessive trait Female carrier of a recessive trait
• Each
individual
is given a
number
. It always begins back at #1 for each generation, moving left to right.
• The
generations
are identified in sequence by
Roman numerals
• If you are tracing a simple
Dominant
trait, people will either be shaded or they won’t • What would have to be the genotype of the people that are not shaded if you are tracing a
Dominant
trait?
• If you are tracing a
Recessive
trait, you will need to shade in the people that have the trait, AND half shade your known carriers.
Begin with a family tree….
And then convert it into a pedigree.
1. You can either use your family or a friend’s…if you are adopted you can still use the adoptive family.
2. Choose which side of the family you want to track (mom’s or dad’s) 3. Choose which generation you want to begin with (keep in mind, you must use three generations AT LEAST) 4. Choose an allele to track- ONLY ONE! If you choose right handedness, you’ll only indicate people that use their right hands….you will NOT indicate people who use their left (it is implied)
I II
□ 1 Ο Ο 2 3 □ 1 4 □ □ 5 Ο 6 Ο 2 □ 7 Ο Ο 8 9 10 □□ □ 11 Ο 12 13
III
□ 1 2 Ο Ο 3 □ 4 Ο 5 Ο 6 □ 7 8 9 □ 10 Ο Ο 11 12 13 □ Ο 14 Then you can go back and change the names to boxes and circles, and use the relationship lines the pedigree calls for.
Remember to use Roman Numerals for generations and numbers for each person in a generation My family is so ginormous, I probably should have put it on a poster (good idea for those with big fams….more room to work with…cause I even left people out… 15 □
I II
□ 1 Ο Ο 2 3 □ 1 4 □ □ 5 Ο 6 Ο 2 □ 7 Ο Ο 8 9 10 □□ □ 11 Ο 12 13
III
□ 1 2 Ο Ο 3 □ 4 Ο 5 Ο 6 □ 7 8 9 □ 10 Ο Ο 11 12 13 □ Ο 14 15 □ Once you have the relationship lines, now research your trait and shade in your affected and carrying relatives.
For my trait- anxiety is DOMINANT
I II
□ 1 Ο Ο 2 3 □ 1 4 □ □ 5 Ο 6 Ο 2 □ 7 Ο Ο 8 9 10 □□ □ 11 Ο 12 13
III
□ 1 2 Ο Ο 3 □ 4 Ο 5 Ο 6 □ 7 8 9 □ 10 Ο Ο 11 12 13 □ Ο 14 15 □ For the last part of the visual, I marked deceased relatives.
Next, make a key of the symbols you used in your pedigree.
You do not need to include symbols not shown in your visual.
□ Ο □ Ο □ □ □ Ο Ο Ο Key Male Relative Female Relative Relationship Ended Relationship Fraternal Twins Those blessed with high anxiety Deceased
Pedigree Project
Purpose of Project: To learn how to read and create a pedigree.
To learn how to trace an inherited trait.
Important Points to remember: You
do not
have to trace a trait in your own family.
There needs to be at least 3 generations shown.
There needs to be at least 8 family members.
**You can leave people out if it gets too big or too complicated.
Rough Draft is due:
NEXT THURSDAY 12/8 WHEN YOU WALK IN - complete the family tree and answer the questions on the rough draft page.
- If you do not do this, I will notify home that you did not show proof of project work and will deduct 10 points from your final grade.
- On 12/8 you ONLY need to turn in your rough draft paper, no binder necessary yet
Final Project is due:
Friday, Jan. 6th- It is a
TEST GRADE
!!!!
- In your binder: TOC entry, pedigree chart, key, explanation, rough draft, and rubric - Use your rubric as a checklist.
Websites on dominant and rec. traits.
http://www.blinn.edu/socialscience/LDThomas/Feldman/Handouts/0203hand.htm
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=omim http://www.highlands.edu/academics/divisions/socialcultural/psych/johnson/hnd-domrec.htm
Pick one: Attached/Free Ear lobes, Hitch hiker’s thumb, cleft chin, dimples, Curling tongue, Widow’s Peak, Longer second toe, nearsighted (rec), farsighted (dom.), double jointedness (dom.), right (dom.) or left (rec.) handedness, freckles…..
***If there is another trait that runs in your family and you would like to use that for your project, please make sure to get it approved before beginning the project.
I
Doreston + Lollé Irene
Decide where you want to start, keeping in mind you need to do AT LEAST 3 generations.
II
Michael
—
Pam Kay
—
Joe Jim Janet
—
Ricky
—
Marcia Susan
—
?
Mark
Then write out the second generation of siblings only, first. Then you can add in spouses, so you can see how much room you will need. REMEMBER: You don’t have to include all relationships. I chose to just use relationships in which children were born.
Mary
—
Jay Adam
III
James Katie Vanessa Jason Tammy Sarah Dan Steph. Allison Damon Alex Rita Michael Hollye Rebecca
Then write out the third generation.
After that add in spouses if necessary.
Then you must pick out a trait you want to trace. You can do this by asking questions, looking at pictures, ect.
Pick something that is ruled by simple dominance…I have a list.