Metals, Non-Metals & Metalloids

Metals

• State at room temperature:

Solid

except for Mercury • Appearance:

Shiny lustre

• Conductivity:

Good Conductors of Heat and Electricity

• Malleability and Ductility:

Malleable & Ductile

Non-Metals

• State at room temperature:

Some Gases, some solids, bromine is liquid

• Appearance:

Not very Shiny

• Conductivity:

Poor Conductors of Heat and Electricity

• Malleability and Ductility:

Brittle, Not Ductile

Metalloids

• State at room temperature:

Solids

• Appearance:

Can Be Shiny or Dull

• Conductivity:

Poor Conductors of Heat, May Conduct Electricity

• Malleability and Ductility:

Brittle, Not Ductile

Periods And Families

F A M I L I E S P E R I O D S

Families

• Families are

horizontal rows

of elements in the periodic table • Elements in the same Family have the same

number of electron shells

Periods

• Periods are

vertical columns

of elements in the periodic table • Elements in the same Period have similar

physical and chemical properties

• Four periods of importance are – – – –

Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Halogens Noble Gases

Alkali Metals

• Highly

Reactive

• Reactivity

increases

as you go down the group • React with both

oxygen

and

water

•

Low

• Soft Melting Points

Alkaline Earth Metals

•

Less

Reactive than alkali metals but will burn if they are heated • Bright Flames  used in fire works • Will react with

water

Halogens

• Non-metals • Highly Reactive • Flourine and Chlorine are

gases

at room temperature • Bromine is a

liquid

at room temperature • All others are

solids

• Flourine is the most reactive and iodine is the least reactive

Noble Gases

• • • The most

stable and unreactive

elements

Full

outer electron shell

Odourless

temperature &

Colourless

at room