Transcript Hydrogen Fuel Standards Division of Measurement Standards Sacramento, CA 95828

Hydrogen Fuel Standards
Division of Measurement Standards
6790 Florin Perkins Road, Suite 100
Sacramento, CA 95828
916 229-3000
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
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Who is the Division of Measurement Standards?
The State agency required by law to establish and enforce the quality
standards for engine fuels, motor oils, gear oils, transmission fluids,
brake fluids, and engine coolants. Also, the advertising and labeling
of those products.
These standards are generally adopted by regulation and are those
established by consensus standards writing organizations such as
ASTM or SAE – if a standard exists. An interim standard may be
adopted until a consensus standard is developed.
The Division has had this responsibility since 1931.
Non-compliant products are removed from sale and criminal penalties
are imposed on violators.
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
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Why is the Division of Measurement Standards
involved in hydrogen fuel specifications?
Senate Bill 76 (2005) placed the responsibility in the Business and
Professions Code (BPC) for the Department of Food and Agriculture,
Division of Measurement Standards (DMS) to adopt specifications
for hydrogen fuel.
BPC, Division 5, Chapter 14, Section 13446. STANDARDS ADOPTION
On or before January 1, 2008, the department, with the concurrence of the State
Air Resources Board, shall establish specifications for hydrogen fuels for use in internal
combustion engines and fuel cells in motor vehicles until a standards development
organization accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) formally
adopts standards for hydrogen fuels for use in internal combustion engines and fuel cells in
motor vehicles. The department shall then adopt by reference the latest standards
established by the ANSI-accredited standards development organization for hydrogen fuel
for use in internal combustion engines and fuel cells in motor vehicles, except that no
specification or standard shall be less stringent than is required by state law.
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
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How will DMS accomplish the adoption of
hydrogen fuel standards?
DMS has contracted with CARB, for funding,
to hire a chemist, whose job is to work with
the industry to develop and adopt the interim
specifications for hydrogen fuel in California
by January 1, 2008.
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
Currently, there is no U.S. or International
standard that specifies what quality of
hydrogen fuel is acceptable for internal
combustion or fuel cell vehicles.
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Several groups are involved in the issue of
hydrogen purity and its impact on fuel cells:
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ASTM D 03
SAE
ISO
CARB
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
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Other groups involved in the
production/delivery/storage aspect
include:
USDOT
OSHA
CGA
ASME
NFPA
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
Current ASTM D 03.14 workgroups
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WK5847 – Standard Practice for Sampling of High Pressure Hydrogen and Related
Fuel Cell Feed Gases
WK5848 – Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Contaminants in
Hydrogen and Related Fuel Cell Feed Gases
WK6527 – Standard Test Method for Selective Electrode (ISE) Determination of
Ammonia Hydrogen and Other Fuel Cell Feed Gases
WK6624 – Standard Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde and Other
Carbonyl Compounds in Hydrogen and Other Fuel Cell Feed Gases
WK8150 – Standard Test Method for Determination of Ammonia in Hydrogen and
Other Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Nitrogen Chemiluminescence
Detection
WK9211 – Standard Test Method Ion Chromatography Based Determination of
Cations in Hydrogen and Other Fuel Cell Feed Gases
WK9688 – Standard Test Method for Determination and Sampling of Particulate
Matter in High Pressure Hydrogen used as a Gaseous Fuel with an In-Stream Filter
WK10196 – Standard Test Method for Determination of Ammonia and Trace Water
in Hydrogen and Other Gaseous Fuels by Infrared Spectroscopy
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
Current SAE work
SAE J2719 – Information Report on the Development of a Hydrogen Quality
Guideline for Fuel Cell Vehicles. Issued November 2005
Provides interim background information and an interim specification of hydrogen
fuel quality for commercial proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell vehicles and
recognizes the following Hydrogen Fuel Quality Specification Guideline
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Hydrogen - >99.99 %
Water – 5 umol/mole %
Total hydrocarbons – 2 umol/mole %
Oxygen – 5 umol/mole %
Helium, Nitrogen, Argon – 100 umol/mole %
Carbon dioxide – 1 umol/mole %
Carbon monoxide – 0.2 umol/mole %
Total sulfur – 0.004 umol/mole %
Formaldehyde – 0.01 umol/mole %
Formic acid – 0.2 umol/mole %
Ammonia – 0.1 umol/mole %
Total halogenates – 0.05 umol/mole %
Maximum particulate size - <10um
Particulate concentration – 1ug/l
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
Current ISO TC197/WG12 – H2 Fuel Product
Specification Working Group
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Hydrogen Fuel Quality Specification Guideline
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Hydrogen - >99.99 %
Water – 5 umol/mole %
Total hydrocarbons – 2 umol/mole %
Oxygen – 5 umol/mole %
Helium, Nitrogen, Argon – 100 umol/mole %
Carbon dioxide – 2 umol/mole %
Carbon monoxide – 0.2 umol/mole %
Total sulfur – 0.004 umol/mole %
Formaldehyde – 0.01 umol/mole %
Formic acid – 0.2 umol/mole %
Ammonia – 0.1 umol/mole %
Total halogenates – 0.05 umol/mole %
Maximum particulate size - <10um
Particulate concentration – 1ug/l
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
Current CARB Standards
CA Code of Regs., Title 13, Division 3, Chapter 5, Article 3
Specifications for Alternative Motor Vehicles Fuels (1994)
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Hydrogen – 98.0 mole % minimum
Combined hydrogen, water, oxygen, an nitrogen – 98.0 mole %
minimum
Total hydrocarbons – 0.01 mole % maximum
Particulate matter – shall not contain dust, sand, dirt, gums, oils
or other substances in an amount sufficient to be injurious to the
fueling equipment or vehicle.
Odorant – gaseous hydrogen fuel, at ambient temperature, must
have a distinctive odor potent enough to detect its presence
down to a concentration in air of not over 1/5 of the lower
flammability limit.
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
DMS considerations for a
development of a standard
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Test methods available to identify impurities
Sampling methods for hydrogen fuel
Levels of impurities that may impact fuel cells
and internal combustion engines
Sources of impurities in production, distribution,
storage and handling and the costs to minimize
the impurities
Hydrogen storage and delivery systems
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
Types of Impurities to Consider
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Constituents – the components of a hydrogen
fuel mixture
Contaminants – impurities that will adversely
affect the fuel cell or fuel storage system
Diluents – impurities that reduce the hydrogen
concentration. May be a contaminant or a inert
substance
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
Contaminants include:
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Water
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Sulfur compounds
Formaldehyde
Formic acid
Ammonia
Halogenates
Hydrocarbons
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
DMS seeks your input and assistance in
order to develop and adopt a standard for
hydrogen fuel that will:
 Protect the motorist and their vehicles
 Provide a standard that is able to be met by
the producers and satisfies the component
manufacturers
 Is not overly restrictive so that it is cost
prohibitive to produce hydrogen fuel
 Is a standard that can be enforced by DMS
Hydrogen Fuel Specifications
Division of Measurement Standards Contact Information
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John Mough, Chemist
6790 Florin Perkins Road, Suite 100
Sacramento, CA 95828
916 229-3054
916 229-3064 FAX
[email protected]
David Lazier, Chief
6790 Florin Perkins Road, Suite 100
Sacramento, CA 95828
916 229-3044
916 229-3064 FAX
[email protected]