Transcript Shibboleth
Shibboleth •A word which was made the criterion by which to distinguish the Ephraimites from the Gileadites. The Ephraimites, not being able to pronounce sh, called the word sibboleth. See --Judges xii. •Hence, the criterion, test, or watchword of a party; a party cry or pet phrase. • - Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913): Shibboleth - What is it? •an initiative to analyze and develop mechanisms(architectures, frameworks, protocols and implementations) for interinstitutional web access control •facilitated by Mace (a committee of leading higher ed IT architects) and Internet2 •“authenticate locally, act globally” the Shibboleth shibboleth •oriented towards privacy and complements corporate standards efforts •open solution •http://middleware.internet2.edu/shibboleth •vendor participation - IBM et al Isn’t This What PKI Does? •PKI does this and a whole lot more; as a consequence, PKI does very little right now •End-to-end PKI fits the Shibboleth model, but other forms of authentication do as well •Uses a lightweight certificate approach for inter-institutional communications - uses the parts of PKI that work today (server side certs) and avoids the parts of PKI that don’t work today (eg client certs). •Allows campuses to use other forms of authentication locally •May actually have benefits over the end-user to target-site direct interactions... Related Work •Previous DLF work • http://www.clir.org/diglib/presentations/cnis99/sld001.htm •OASIS Security Services Technical Committee (vendor activity, kicked off 1/2001) • http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/security/index.shtml • http://lists.oasis-open.org/archives/security-services/ •UK - Athens and Sparta projects • http://www.jisc.ac.uk/pub00/sparta_disc.html •Spain - rediris project • http://www.rediris.es/app/papi/index.en.html Assumptions •Leverage vendor and standards activity wherever possible (OASIS) •(Initially) disturb as little of the existing campus infrastructure as possible •Work with common, minimal authorization systems (eg htaccess) •Encourage good campus behaviors •Learn through doing •Create a marketplace and reference implementations •Protect Personal Privacy! Stage 1 - Addressing Three Scenario’s •Member of campus community accessing licensed resource • Anonymity required •Member of a course accessing remotely controlled resource • Anonymity required •Member of a workgroup accessing controlled resources • Controlled by unique identifiers (e.g. name) •Taken individually, each of these situations can be solved in a variety of straightforward ways. •Taken together, they present the challenge of meeting the user's reasonable expectations for protection of their personal privacy. Architectural Model •Local Authentication •Local Entity Willing to Create and Sign Entitlement • • • • Set of assertions about the user (Attribute/value pairs) User has control over disclosure Identity optional “active member of community”, “Associated with Course XYZ” •Target responsible for Authorization • Rules engine • Matches contents of entitlements against ruleset associated with target object •Cross Domain Trust • Previously created between origin and target • Perhaps there is a contract (information providers..) Shibboleth Architecture Concepts - High Level Pass content if user is allowed Authorization Phase Target Web Server Browser Authentication Phase First Access - Unauthenticated Origin Site Target Site Shibboleth Architecture Concepts (detail) Authentication Authorization Success! Phase Entitlements Attribute Server Ent Prompt Req Ent Web Login Server Target Web Server Browser Auth OK Authentication Second Access - Authenticated Pass entitlements for authz decision Redirect Pass content User toifLocal user Web is allowed Login Ask to -Obtain Entitlements First Access Unauthenticated Origin Site Target Site Charge -- OASIS Security Services Technical Committee •Standardize: • an XML format for "assertions” (authentication, authorization, authorization decision, access yes/no) • (maybe) a (stateless ?) request/response protocol for obtaining assertions • transport bindings for this protocol to HTTP, S/MIME, RMI, etc. • This will be accompanied by requirements/scenarios, compliance info, security considerations, etc •Out of Scope… • How authentication is done • Defining specific attributes (eg “member of community” • Establishing trust between origin and target •Note.. • Inter-product, not explicitly inter-domain Component Relationship Model ORIGIN TARGET Authorization Attributes •Typical Assertions in the Higher Ed Community • • • • • [email protected] “active member of the community” “active in course X” member of group “georgetown.giia ? •Signed by the institution! (optional in OASIS, required in Shib Isn’t This What LDAP Does? •Since this doesn’t exist yet, it can do a lot more than LDAP! (-: •XML is so extensible that this is the last protocol that we’ll ever need! (-: •OK, tell me really….. • The key here is the CONTROLLED dissemination of attribute information, based on multiple factors. Shibboleth Architecture -- Managing Trust •TRUST Attribute Server Browser Origin Site Shib engine Target Web Server Target Site Personal Privacy •An Attribute Authority releases Personal Information to site X based on: • Site Defaults – Contract provisions – Business Rules • User control – myAA Shibboleth vs OASIS Security Effort vs Products •OASIS Security Effort • Defining Standards to support inter-operation of web access control products •Vendor Products • Implement Standards • Add value in Authentication, Attribute Authority, PDP •Shibboleth • • • • Open Source Implementation! Create Trust Framework Define Higher Ed specific Attributes (hopefully) “Where are you from?” service Campus and Resource Requirements •To Participate in Shibboleth, a site must have: • • • • campus-wide authentication service campus-wide identifier space (EPPN) Implementation of Eduperson objectclass Ability to generate attributes (eg “active member of the community”) Issues •Personal Privacy (reasonable expectation, laws) •Relation to local weblogin (Single Signon) •Portals •Use of Shibboleth framework by services beyond the web •Grid resources and users Relationship - Shibboleth to Portals Web Web Resource Res Apps PortalPortal Dir Shibboleth Shibboleth Shibboleth PDP Web Dir Login AuthN Project Status/Next Steps •Requirements and Scenarios document nearly finished •IBM and Mace-Shibboleth are refining architecture and evaluating issues •IBM intends to develop an Apache web module •Internet2 intends to develop supporting materials (documentation, installation, etc) and web tools (for htaccess construction, filter and access control, remote resource attribute discovery). •Technical design complete - April, 2001 •Coding... •Pilot site start-up - Aug, 2001 •Public demo- Internet2 Fall Member Meeting 2001 Shibboleth, eduPerson, and Middleware Inputs & Outputs everything else Licensed Resources Grids OKI Embedded App Security JA-SIG & uPortal Inter-realm calendaring Shibboleth, eduPerson, Affiliated Dirs, etc. Campus web sso Enterprise Directory Enterprise Authentication Legacy Systems futures Enterprise authZ Questions?