Transcript Earthquake Resistant Expansion Joint using Hinge Finger Type ILWONTECH Co., Ltd.

Earthquake Resistant Expansion Joint
using Hinge Finger Type
2007. 12
We make the happy world !
ILWON
ILWONTECH Co., Ltd.
1.Status of earthquake Damage
1)Geological earthquake
·Earthquake zone within the plate
-USA: Northeastern area
-China: Jaeseong Earthquake in 1975
·Earthquake zone on the plate
boundary
-New Zealand, USA, Japan
(Earthquake-resistant advanced countries)
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Tangshan Earthquake in 1976
2) Major earthquakes of the world (since 1900’s)
(Over 10,000 casualty)
Order
Date of occurrence
Area
1
2005.10.08
Northern area, Pakistan
86,000
7.6
2
2004.12.26
Sumatra, Indonesia
283,106
9.0
3
2003.12.26
Southern area, Iran
31,000
6.6
4
2001.01.26
Gujarat , India
20,085
7.7
5
1999.08.17
Izmit, Turkey
15,657
7.4
6
1990.06.20
Rasht, Iran
45,000
7.7
7
1988.12.07
Armenia (the Soviet Union)
30,000
6.8
8
1976.07.27
Tangshan, China
242,000
7.6
9
1970.05.31
Peru
66,000
7.8
10
1939.12.27
Erzincan, Turkey
23,000
8.0
11
1923.09.01
Kanto, Japan
143,000
8.2
12
1920.12.16
Kansu, China
180,000
8.5
13
1908.12.28
Messina, Italy
120,000
7.5
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No. of casualty (people) Magnitude
3) Example of damaged bridge by earthquake
◈ Kobe earthquake, Japan
-Date of occurrence : 01.17.1995
-Casualty : 6,300 people
-Wounded : 35,000 people
-Magnitude : 7.2
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◈ Loma Prieta earthquake
Collapse of the upper part of the steel trust
bridge
(Oakland Bay Bridge)
- Year of occurrence : 1989
- Magnitude : 7.1
- Among 4,250 bridges
·Minor damage: 89
·Major damage: 11
Breakdown of the punching in the upper
structure
(State Highway Bridge)
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◈ Northridge earthquake
Antelope Valley Freeway
- Date of occurrence : Jan 17,1994
- Casualty : 57 people
- Wounded : 90,000 people
Santa Monica Freeway
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2. Improvement of aseismatic performance in Bridges
1) Standard of earthquake-resistant design
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Road standard specifications, Ministry of Construction, 1992
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Earthquake resistant design criteria, Ministry of construction &
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Transportation, 1997
Road bridge design criteria, Ministry of construction &
Transportation, 2000
Road bridge design criteria, Ministry of construction &
Transportation, 2005
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2) Basic policy of the earthquake-resistant design

Purpose of earthquake-resistant design

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Securing the quake-proof ability in order to minimize the damage of the
bridge caused by the earthquake
Basic concept of earthquake-resistant design criteria
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Minimizing casualties.
Allowing partial damage in bridge members but preventing entire collapse in
case of earthquakes.
Making it possible to perform the basic function of the bridge in case of
earthquake.
The Design Criteria can be applied to all area in South Korea.
A creative work can be acknowledged to develop more advanced design
even though it does not follow the rule.
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3) Aseismatic level of the Road Bridge and seismic
design
Aseismatic
level
Bridge
Average cycle of occurrence
of seismic design
-Bridges
on highway, driveway, special city road,
metropolitan road or general local highway
First class
Bridges
Second
class
Bridge on roads built for preventing disaster in
local area, city and province and important
bridges considered in daily planned traffic volume
- Elevated bridge passing over the road building
first class bridge against the earthquake
-
- Bridges excluded in the first class of the
aseismatic level
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1000 years
500 years
4) Response Correction Factor
In case of satisfying all the design requirements for the earthquake-resistant design,
designed seismic force for each member and joint part of bridge is the value of the elastic
seismic force divided by the response correction factor., In case of the lower structure,
however, the longitudinal force and shearing force are not divided by response correction
factor.
Lower structure
R
Connection part (1)
2
Abutment of the upper structure
0.8
3
2
Expansion within a span of the upper structure
0.8
3
Column, pier or pile frame and cab beam or upper
structure
1.0
5
3
Column or pier & base
Box frame type pier
Steel concrete pile frame (Bent)
1. In case of using vertical pile only
2. In case of using more than one batter pile
Single column
Steel or composite steel or concrete pile frame
1. In case of using vertical pile only
2. In case of using more than one batter pile
Multiple frame
R
1.0
5
Note : (1) The connection part means the device delivering the shearing force and
compressive force between members and includes bridge bearings and shearing key. At
this time, the response correction factor is applied to the elastic seismic force into the
working direction.
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5) Change of the concept in earthquake-resistant
design
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The existing earthquake-resistant design : increasing the strength
of the structure
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Beginning of the modern earthquake resistant design caused by Messina
earthquake in Italy with magnitude 7.5 in 1908
Building the structure stronger can resist from the horizontal load generated
by earthquakes
Aiming the prevention of collapse
Allowing the structural damage
Increasing seismic movement of the inside of the structure
A new earthquake-resistant design : controlling the seismic
movement of the structure

Seismic movement control system reducing the required strength by using
seismic isolation system or energy dissipation system
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6) Earthquake-proof system for bridges
◈ Approach of the earthquake-proof system

Earthquake is the energetic phenomenon and the earthquake energy
concentrate on the fixed structure giving the damage
The Large plate displacement
Structural
deformation
Damage
Earthquake
Induced energy
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Damage of the expansion joint and anti-falling pin
Damage of Rahmen tie beam pier
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Damage of Rahmen pier (fixed axis)
Upper plate falling down
◈ Application of aseismatic system

The system prevents the earthquake and terminates its energy. It makes
smaller energy come into the structure reliving the remaining energy.
Plate displacement
Induced energy
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7)Development Status for the seismic prevention system
◈Bearing system – rubber bearing
· Long cyclic function : Flexible horizontal
transformation ability

Changing up to 600% in rubber shearing
deformation
· Vertical load support function: sufficient load
supporting ability

Supporting up to maximum 147 Mpa/cm2
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◈Supporting device - LRB, HDR
· Seismic isolation support integrated with damping function
· Support injecting lead with excellent plasticity
· Support using high damping rubber
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◈Damper
Upper Plate
Structure
Measuring
Device
Quake Isolation Device (Friction
Bearing, Lead Rubber Bearing)
Reaction energy
fixed anchor
Quick Release Jack
·Oil damper
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·Viscosity damper
Using low viscosity fluid
Low dependency on temperature
Complicated inner structure
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Using high viscosity fluid
High dependency on temperature
Simple inner structure
◈Device preventing the bridge falling
Expansion Joint
Cable type Bridge falling
block system
Upper Plate
·Cable confining device
from SEEE company
Buffer
pier
Bearing
Spring
Stopping Plate
Protection
Cab
Connection
Cable (PC Cable)
Nut
Mansion
Buffering
(Bearing plate +
Buffer packing)
Cladding material
(Polyethylene resin)
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3. Earthquake Resistant Expansion Joint (ERJ)
of Finger type structure by using Hinge
1) ERJ
- Use : long-span vertical expansion joint
- Expansion : 300 ~ 800mm
Patent NO.10-20060071877, NO.10-20060071878
Assigned to Technical Innovation Class “A” in the propriety evaluation of new technology idea
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2) ERJ (Earthquake Resistant Expansion Joint)
Deal drawing
(Rubber Plate)
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3) ERJ standard cross sectional view
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3) ERJ ground plan
Direction of a vehicle
course of a vehicle
Direction of a vehicle
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4) Characteristics of ERJ movement
Longitudinal movement
Transversal movement
Up& Down movement
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5) Detailed drawing of the Rubber Seal in the lower part
Installation
picture
Bonding picture
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6) Comparison Table of earthquake-resistant expansion joints
Classification
Earthquake-resistant expansion joints
(ILWON)
Earthquake-resistant expansion joints
(Other companies)
Structure
Simple
Complicated
Movement feature
Maintenance
Applicability
Ride quality
Product price
(Expansion 400mm)
Enough to move into three directions
of X, Y, and Z axles
-Partial repair due to its unit structure
-can be replaced the Rubber Seal only
from the lower laying gap
without any traffic control
- No traffic control
Easy to construct
due to its simple structure
Satisfactory with its Finger type structure
Low price , about USD 9,700 / meter
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Limited up & down movement into Z axle
Allow the movement into X and Y axles
- Partial repair is impossible
due to its monolithic structure
- Full traffic control
- Requires heavy equipment for the
installation due to its monolithic structure
- Full traffic control
- Heavy noise with its discontinuous
structural feature reducing the ride quality
High price , about 17,100 / meter
Thank you so much!!
ILWONTECH Co., Ltd.