Transcript Chapter 7
Chapter 7
Operating Systems & Utility Programs
Professor Michael J. Losacco
CIS 1110 – Using Computers
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Overview
Define System Software Identify the Types of Systems Software Describe Operating System Functions Summarize the PC Startup Process Identify Types of Operating Systems Explain the Purpose of Utilities 2/30
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Systems Software
Control Operation of Computer Types Operating System (OS) Utilities 3/30
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Operating System
Set of Programs Coordinates Hardware Resources For All Computer Activities Allows Use of Application Software Cross-platform Applications Identical on Multiple Operating Systems 4/30
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Operating System
Functions start computer provide user interface manage programs administer security manage memory control a network provide file management monitor performance establish communications schedule jobs & configure devices 5/30
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Booting
Starting / Restarting Computer Cold Boot Turning on Computer from Off State Warm Boot Restarting Computer that is Already On 6/30
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Mechanics
Booting
7/30
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Booting
Boot Drive Drive From Which Computer Starts Boot Disk Contains System Files Recovery Disk Return System to Original Purchase State 8/30
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Modes
Sleep Saves Open Docs / Programs to RAM Turns Off All Unneeded Functions Places Computer in a Low-power State Hibernate Saves Open Docs / Programs to Disk Removes Power from Computer 9/30
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User Interface (UI)
Controls How Data is Entered Determines How Information Displays Command-line Typed Commands Graphical User Interface (GUI) Uses Visuals Such as Icons & Menus Represents: Program Instruction 10/30
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Program Management
Multitasking Work on Multiple Applications at Once Foreground Active Application Background Programs that are Running in Memory Not Currently in Use 11/30
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Program Management
Multiuser Two or More Users Run Same Program Simultaneously Multiprocessing Multiple CPUs Running at Same Time Fault-tolerant Duplicate Components Hard Disk, Memory Can Operate Even if Component Fails 12/30
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Memory Management
Optimizes the Use of RAM Allocates Memory for Processing Data Monitors Contents Clears Memory When Not Required Virtual Memory Part of Hard Disk Functions as RAM Thrashing 13/30
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Scheduling
Job Operation the Processor Manages Receiving Data from Input Device Transfer Items Between Storage & Memory Processing Instructions Sending Information to Output Device Adjusts Schedule Based on Job’s Priority 14/30
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Scheduling
Spooling Send Print Jobs to Buffer Instead of Directly to Printer Print Jobs Line up in Queue 15/30
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Device Drivers
How to Communicate with Device Each Device Requires its Own Driver Plug and Play OS Automatically Configures New Device Recognizes When Installed 16/30
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Connectivity
Provides Means To Establish: Internet Connections Network Connections 17/30
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File Management
Windows Explorer (My Computer) Tree Structure Documents & Files Folders & Subfolders Paths Maintenance Copy, Move, Rename, Delete Startup Folder Temporary Files 18/30
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OS Categories
19/30
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Stand-alone
Complete OS that Works on: Desktop Computers Notebook Computers Mobile Computing Devices Market Share Microsoft Windows Apple Macintosh Linux 92% 6% 1%
NetMarketShare 4/12
20/30
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Stand-alone
Microsoft Windows 7 Apple First Commercially Successful GUI Mac OS X Unix Linux Open-source Unix 21/30
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Server
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Unix Linux Solaris Unix-like by Sun Microsystems Novell Netware 22/30
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Embedded
Found on Small Devices Resides on a ROM chip Android Blackberry iPhone Palm Windows Mobile 23/30
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Utility Programs
Performs Maintenance-type Tasks 24/30
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Utility Programs
Backup / Restore Uninstaller Remove Main Program & Support Files Disk Cleanup Removes Unnecessary Files 25/30
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Utility Programs
Disk Defragmenter Reorganizes Files Faster Execution File Compression AKA Zipped Files Shrinks Size of Files Faster Communication 26/30
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Utility Programs
Image Viewer Display, Copy, Print Graphics Files Screen Saver Shows Moving Image If No Activity Occurs for Specified Time 27/30
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Utility Programs
Antivirus Prevents, Detects, & Removes Viruses Must be Updated Frequently Spyware / Adware Remover Detects & Deletes Spyware / Adware Firewall Detects Unauthorized Intrusions 28/30
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Utility Programs
Filters Block Items from Being Displayed Web Anti-spam Phishing Pop-up Blockers Computer Maintenance Identify & Fix OS & Disk Problems Some Continuously Monitor Computer 29/30
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Utility Programs
Media Player View Images & Animation Listen to Audio Watch Video Files CD/DVD Burning Writes to Recordable / Rewriteable Disks 30/30