Transcript Document 7468630

Status & plans of the
SPL* study

Why upgrade the proton beams at CERN ?



Why a high energy linac ?



Linac versus RCS
World-wide context
How ?




Approved physics programme
Potential extensions of the physics programme
SPL design
R. & D. topics and collaborations
Staging
Roadmap and resources
* SPL = Superconducting Proton Linac
A concept for improving the performance of the proton beams at CERN,
ultimately based on a high-energy Superconducting Linear Accelerator
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
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SPL status & plans
The SPL Working Group
B. Autin, A. Blondel, K. Bongardt1, O. Brunner, R. Cappi, F. Caspers, E. Cennini,
E. Chiaveri, S. Claudet, H. Frischholz, R. Garoby, F. Gerigk4, K. Hanke, H. Haseroth,
C. Hill, N. Hilleret, I. Hoffman2, J. Inigo-Golfin, M. Jimenez, A. Krusche, D. Kuchler,
M. Lindroos, A. Lombardi, R. Nunes, R. Losito, M. Paoluzzi, J. Pedersen, M. Poehler,
H. Ravn, A. Rohlev3, R.D. Ryne3, M. Sanmarti, H. Schönauer, M. Silari, J. Tuckmantel,
H. Vinckle, A. Vital, C. Vollinger, M. Vretenar
1
KFZ Juelich, Germany
GSI - Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, Germany
3
LANL - Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA
4
RAL , Oxford, England
others are from CERN, Switzerland
2
COLLABORATIONS
CEA (DSM/DAPNIA @ Saclay) + CNRS (IN2P3 @ Orsay & Grenoble): RFQ + DTL (IPHI)
INFN (Legnaro): RFQ
REFERENCES
- Conceptual Design of the SPL, a High Power Superconducting Proton
Linac at CERN Ed. M. Vretenar, CERN 2000-012
- SPL web site: http://cern.web.cern.ch/CERN/Divisions/PS/SPL_SG/
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
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SPL status & plans
PART 1:
WHY ?
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SPL status & plans
14
CERN/SPC/811
CERN/FC/4567
Why upgrade the proton beams
at CERN ? (1)
Long-term
Scientific Programme
at CERN
(from CERN/SPC/811)
=
2000
2001
Approved
2002
2003
=
2004
2005
Under Consideration
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
LHC
ATLAS
CMS
ALICE
LHCb
Other LHC experiments
(e.g. TOTEM)
LHC
S PS
Heavy ions
COMPASS
SPS
Fixed
target
NA48
Test Beams
North Areas
West Areas
Neutrino / CNG S
O ther Facilities
TOF Neutron
AD
PSB
&
PS
ISOLDE
CAST
DIRAC
HARP
Test beams
East Hall
R&D
(Detector & Accelerator)
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
Period of interest…
4
SPL status & plans
Why upgrade the proton beams
at CERN ? (2)

Because users will miss protons…
PS supercycle
for LHC
PS supercycle
for CNGS
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
Remaining PSB & PS
pulses to be shared
between nTOF, AD,
ISOLDE, East Hall,
Machine studies…
5
SPL status & plans
Why upgrade the proton beams
at CERN ? (3)

Because higher beam performance (brightness*) will be first,
welcome, and later, necessary to:




Reliably deliver the ultimate beam actually foreseen for LHC,
Reduce the LHC filling time,
Increase the proton flux onto the CNGS target,
Prepare for further upgrades of the LHC performance beyond the present
ultimate.
* For protons, brightness can only degrade along a cascade of accelerators
 Any improvement has to begin at the low energy (linac) end
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SPL status & plans
Why upgrade the proton beams
at CERN ? (4)

To address new physics programmes:

“Neutrino Super-Beam” (= conventional but very intense neutrino beam)
Accelerator, target and decay channel at CERN
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Detector in the Frejus tunnel (400 ktons…)
SPL status & plans
Why upgrade the proton beams
at CERN ? (5)

To address new physics programmes:

EURISOL (Next generation of ISOLDE-like source of radio-active isotopes)
_
European Isotope Separation On-Line
Radioactive Nuclear Beam Facility
The EURISOL project is one of the 5 Research and Technical Development (RTD) projects
in Nuclear Physics selected for support by the EU. The project is aimed at completing a
preliminary design study of the next-generation European ISOL radioactive nuclear beam
(RNB) facility.
The resulting facility is intended to extend and amplify, beyond 2010, the exciting work presently
being carried out using the first-generation RNB facilities in various scientific disciplines including
nuclear physics, nuclear astrophysics and fundamental interactions. Careful design and
developments will be needed to increase the variety and the number of exotic ions available per
second to be provided for research, beyond the limits of presently available facilities.
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SPL status & plans
Why upgrade the proton beams
at CERN ? (6)

To address new physics programmes:

b beams to Frejus
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SPL status & plans
Why upgrade the proton beams
at CERN ? (7)

To address new physics programmes:

Neutrino Factory
Parameter
Beam enery
Muon fluence
Distances to far experiments
Vertical slopes
Normalised  beam divergence
(physical rms divergence)
Circumference
% of useful muon decays per
circulating muon per detector
RF frequency
Peak RF voltage
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
Value
50
14
10
~1000 &
3000
-78.6 &
-238
0.1
Unit
GeV
-1
s
km
1021 y-1
mrad
2007.9
28.7
m
%
352
120
MHz
MV
10
1/ dominates
~ 31020 /year to
each experiment
SPL status & plans
Why upgrade the proton beams ?
Summary of reasons

Approved physics experiments






CERN Neutrinos to Gran Sasso (CNGS): increased flux (~  2)
Anti-proton Decelerator: increased flux
Neutrons Time Of Flight (TOF) experiments: increased flux
ISOLDE: increased flux, higher duty factor, multiple energies
LHC: faster filling time, increased operational margin
Future potential users





LHC performance upgrade beyond ultimate
“Conventional” neutrino beam from the SPL “super-beam”
Second generation ISOLDE facility (“EURISOL” -like)
Neutrino source from “beta beams”
Neutrino Factory
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SPL status & plans
Why a high energy linac ? (1)

~ 4 MW of beam power at 2-3 GeV are needed

The energy of the linac injecting into the first synchrotron has
to be increased (50 MeV today)

Comparing a Linac + fixed energy rings set-up with a 2-3 GeV
Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) :




The linac set-up can accommodate more users since its beam power can
be increased,
Some users prefer the long beam pulse delivered by a linac,
The RCS construction cost could be smaller, but this is moderated by the
availability of the LEP RF equipment which a linac will re-use
Linac maintenance is likely to require less manpower
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SPL status & plans
Why a high energy linac ? (2)
LEP RF equipment
A large inventory of LEP RF equipment is available
(SC cavities, cryostats, klystrons, waveguides, circulators, etc.)
which can drastically reduce the cost of construction
The LEP klystron
Storage of the LEP
cavities in the ISR tunnel
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SPL status & plans
Why a high energy linac ? (3)
World-wide context
High Power Linacs Survey (H+,H-,D+) *
* Updated during the 20th ICFA Beam Dynamics workshop (FNAL, 8-12 April 2002)
Name
Ion
Pulse
length
(ms)
FRep
(Hz)
Duty
factor
(%)
IBunch
(mA)
IAverage
(mA)
Energy
(GeV)
PAverage
(MW)
Start
date …
H+/H-
0.625
100/20
6.2/1.2
16/9.1
1.0/0.1
0.8
0.8/0.08
On
SNS
H-
1.0
60
6.0
38
1.4
1.0
1.4
2006
CERN SPL
H-
2.8
50
14
22
1.8
2.2
4.0
?
ESS Short Pulse
ESS Long Pulse
HH- or H+
1.2
2/2.5
50
16.67
6.0
4.2
114
114/90
3.75
1.33
5+5
2010
FNAL 8 GeV
H+/H-/e
1.0
10
1.0
25
0.25
8.0
2.0
?
JKJ 400 MeV
JKJ 600 MeV
H-
0.5
50/25
25
2.5
1.25
50
0.7
0.35
0.4
0.6
0.28/0.14
0.21
2006
?
TRASCO
H+

CW
100
30
30


?
IFMIF
D+

CW
100
2x125
2x125
0.040
10.0
2
LANSCE
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SPL status & plans
PART 2:
HOW ?
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SPL status & plans
SPL Design - Basics
45 keV
3 MeV
6m
-
H
120 MeV
64 m
40MeV
2.2 GeV
584 m
237MeV 383MeV
RFQ chopping DTL
RFQ1 chop.
CCDTL
RFQ2 b
RFQ1
0.52 chop.
b 0.7RFQ2 b 0.8
Source Low Energy section
DTL
Superconducting section
668 m
Basic parameters
PS / Isolde
 Energy >2 GeV (PS injection, p production)
 Max. repetition rate 50 Hz (limit for SC
Accumulator Ring
cavities)
 Beam power 4 MW (limit of target technology)
dump
Debunching
Stretching and
collimation line
Design principles:
 352 MHz frequency (LEP) for all the linac (standard RF, easy long. matching)
 start room-temperature, go to SC as soon as possible
 trade-off between current and pulse length (best compromise SC/RT)
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SPL status & plans
SPL Design - Parameters
45 keV
3 MeV
6m
-
H
120 MeV
64 m
40MeV
2.2 GeV
584 m
237MeV 383MeV
RFQ chopping DTL
RFQ1 chop.
CCDTL
RFQ2 b
RFQ1
0.52 chop.
b 0.7RFQ2 b 0.8
Source Low Energy section
DTL
Superconducting section
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
H2.2
13
14.0
4
50
2.80
61.6
22.7
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
Debunching
Stretching and
collimation line
668 m
Ion species
Kinetic energy
Mean current during the pulse
Duty cycle
Mean beam power
Pulse frequency
Pulse duration
Duty cycle during the beam pulse
Maximum bunch current
Bunch length (total)
Energy spread (total)
Normalised rms horizontal emittance
Normalised rms vertical emittance
Longitudinal rms emittance (352 MHz)
dump
GeV
PS / Isolde
mA
%
MWAccumulator Ring
Hz
ms
%
mA
ns
MeV
p mm mrad
p mm mrad
p deg MeV
17
chopping
SPL status & plans
SPL Design - Layout
45 keV
3 MeV
6m
-
H
120 MeV
64 m
40MeV
2.2 GeV
584 m
237MeV 383MeV
RFQ chopping DTL
RFQ1 chop.
CCDTL
RFQ2 b
RFQ1
0.52 chop.
b 0.7RFQ2 b 0.8
Source Low Energy section
DTL
Superconducting section
668 m
Section
Source, LEBT
RFQ
Chopper line
DTL
b2
b
b
b
Debunching
Total
Input
energy
(MeV)
0.045
3
7
120
236
383
1111
2235
Output
energy
(MeV)
0.045
3
3
120
236
383
1111
2235
2235
No. of
cavities
1
3
13
42
32
52
76
4
223
Peak RF No. of
No. of
No. of
Length
power klystrons tetrodes Quads
(MW)
PS / Isolde(m)
1
0.5
1
- Ring2.4
Accumulator
0.06
3
6
3.6
11.8
15
160
64
1.5
42
28
101
1.9
32
16
80
9.5
13
26
166
14.6
19
19
237
1
2
13
39.9
49
77
257
668
dump
Debunching
Stretching and
collimation line
55 cryostats,
33 from LEP, 22
using components
(68 total available)
49 klystrons
(44 used in LEP)
Note:
no more unmodified LEP cavities are used in the SPL design, for a 87 m shorter linac
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SPL status & plans
SPL Design – Layout on site
45 keV
3 MeV
6m
-
H
120 MeV
64 m
40MeV
2.2 GeV
584 m
237MeV 383MeV
RFQ chopping DTL
RFQ1 chop.
CCDTL
RFQ2 b
RFQ1
0.52 chop.
b 0.7RFQ2 b 0.8
Source Low Energy section
DTL
Superconducting section
dump
Debunching
Stretching and
collimation line
668 m
PS / Isolde
Accumulator Ring
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SPL status & plans
SPL R&D guidelines
45 keV
3 MeV
6m
-
H
120 MeV
64 m
40MeV
2.2 GeV
584 m
237MeV 383MeV
RFQ chopping DTL
RFQ1 chop.
CCDTL
RFQ2 b
RFQ1
0.52 chop.
b 0.7RFQ2 b 0.8
Source Low Energy section
DTL
Superconducting section
dump
Debunching
Stretching and
collimation line
668 m
Identify strategic items (and establish a PS
list/ Isolde
of priorities):
Accumulator Ring
1. Requiring limited resources
2. Essential / critical to the project
3. Where CERN competence is particularly valuable
4. With a maximum of collaboration/exchanges with other labs
5. Useful for any upgrade of the CERN injectors
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SPL status & plans
SPL Design – R&D topics
45 keV
3 MeV
6m
-
H
120 MeV
64 m
40MeV
2.2 GeV
584 m
237MeV 383MeV
RFQ chopping DTL
RFQ1 chop.
CCDTL
RFQ2 b
RFQ1
0.52 chop.
b 0.7RFQ2 b 0.8
Source Low Energy section
DTL
Superconducting section
Fast chopper
(2 ns transition time)
RF system: pulsing of
LEP klystrons
Debunching
Stretching and
collimation line
668 m
H- source, 25 mA
14% duty cycle
dump
Cell Coupled
Drift Tube
Linac
PS / Isolde
Accumulator Ring
new SC cavities: b=0.52, 0.7, 0.8
Vibrations of SC cavities: analysis,
compensation schemes.
Beam dynamics
studies aiming at
minimising losses
(activation!)
Development of a new Low
Level RF (with Linac2)
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SPL status & plans
R&D topics: the chopper
structure and driver
Chopper: Travelling-wave RF deflector (meander line) at 3 MeV
kicks out the bunches falling between
accumulator buckets (reduce loss at injection)
essential for modern injector linacs !
CERN Chopper structure:
Alumina substrate, reduced width (inside quads)
Prototypes tested (attenuation and dispersion)
(F. Caspers)
600
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
V
Driver amplifier:
• 2 ns rise-fall time
(10%-90%)
• ± 500 V
Prototype of HF part
(M. Paoluzzi)
V
350
500
400
250
300
150
200
50
100
-50
0
-150
-100
-250
-200
-10
10
30
40 ns
50
ns
22
70
90
110
-350
955
957 ns 959
961
SPL status & plans
R&D topics – the CCDTL
From 40 MeV (up to 120 MeV)
the Alvarez can be replaced by a
Cell-Coupled Drift Tube Linac:
quadrupole
housing
drift
tube
1. Quadrupoles outside drift tubes: simpler
cooling, access/replacement, alignment
2. Less expensive structure than DTL
3. Same real estate shunt impedance
4. Continuous focusing lattice
5. Stabilised structure (p/2 mode)
6. One resonator/klystron
coupling
cell
Alvarez DTL
CCDTL 3-gaps
length = 16.7 m
3 MeV
5 klystrons
CCDTL 4-gaps
length = 20.9 m
63.7 m
40 MeV
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
4 klystrons
23
length = 26 m
77 MeV
6 klystrons
120 MeV
SPL status & plans
R&D collaborations: the DTL
test stand (with IPHI)
Measurements
(ISN Grenoble)
DTL model
(CEA-Saclay)
New test stand in
the PS South Hall
for 352 MHz linac
structures
50 kW CW, 100 kW pulse
(just outside MCR)
Waveguide
(ex LEP)
2002: testing the IPHI DTL model (3 drift tubes)
2003: testing the CERN CCDTL model
495 mm
CERN 50 kW
amplifier
(ex SPS-LEP)
P = 57 kW (each, incl. end wall +
20% add. losses)
302.5 mm
240 mm
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SPL status & plans
R&D topics – low b SC cavities
 CERN technique of Nb/Cu sputtering
 excellent thermal and mechanical stability
(important for pulsed systems)
 lower material cost, large apertures, released
tolerances, 4.5 K operation with Q = 109
 Bulk Nb or mixed technique for
b=0.52 (one 100 kW tetrode per cavity)
(E. Chiaveri, R. Losito)
The b=0.7 4-cell prototype
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
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SPL status & plans
R&D topics - vibrations
Effect on field
regulation
Effect on
the beam
+ possible
chaotic effects
(J. Tückmantel)
 vector sum feedback can compensate only
for vibration amplitudes below 40 Hz
 possible remedies: piezos and/or high power
phase and amplitude modulators
(prototype ordered - H. Frischholz)
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SPL status & plans
R&D topics – pulsing of LEP
klystrons
Mod anode driver
5 ms/div
14/05/2001 - H. Frischholz
1 ms/div
 LEP power supplies and klystrons are capable to operate in pulsed mode
after minor modifications

up to 12 klystrons can be connected to one LEP power supply
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SPL status & plans
R&D topics – loss management
For hands-on maintenance, the
generally accepted figure is a particle loss < 1 W/m
For the SPL, 10 nA/m (10-6/m) @ 100 MeV,
0.5 nA/m (10-7/m) @ 2 GeV
Present Linac2 loss level (transfer line):  25W/80m = 0.3 W/m
(but hot spots at > 1 W/m !)
Mechanism of beam loss in the SPL:
1. H- stripping  < 0.01 W/m in quads for an off-axis beam
2. Residual gas  < 0.03 W/m @ 10-8 mbar, 2 GeV (but 0.25 W/m @ 10-7)
3. Halo scraping  more delicate, requires:
 large apertures (SC is good!)
 careful beam dynamics design
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SPL status & plans
R&D topics – beam dynamics
 Control rms emittance growth and loss from the outer halo by avoiding
parametric resonances
 Selection of the working point (phase advances) on the Hofmann’s chart
+ Careful matching
(50Mpart simulations with IMPACT at NERSC, Berkeley)
(F. Gerigk)
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SPL status & plans
R&D topics – after the linac…
Transfer lines, collimation (= scrape away halo particles before the accumulator), etc.
Accumulator/Collector
scheme (PDAC study
group) for NuFact
Two Rings in the
ISR Tunnel
Accumulator:
3.3 s burst of
144 bunches at
44 MHz
Compressor:
Bunch length
reduced to 3 ns
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
22.7 ns
11.4 ns
1 ns rms
(on target)
5
3 empty
bunches buckets
22.7 ns
 (140 + 6 empty)per turn
 845 turns
( 5  140  845 bunches per pulse)
2.8 ms
20 ms
no beam
17.2 ms
140 bunches
H-
3.2 s
RF (h=146)
BUNCH
ROTATION
RF (h=146)
PROTON ACCUMULATOR
TREV = 3.316 s
(1168 periods @ 352.2 MHz)
BUNCH COMPRESSOR
TREV = 3.316 s
(1168 periods @ 352.2 MHz)
DRIFT SPACE
+
DEBUNCHER
Charge exchange
injection
845 turns
lb(total) = 0.5 ns
T= 2.2 GeV
IDC = 13 mA (during the pulse)
IBunch= 22 mA
3.85  108 protons/bunch
lb(total) = 44 ps
*H,V=0.6 m r.m.s
30
Fast ejection
Fast injection
(1 turn)
20 ms
Fast ejection
TARGET
KICKER
3.3 s
20 ms
H+
140 bunches
1.62  1012 protons/bunch
lb(rms) = 1 ns (on target)
SPL status & plans
Staging 1: a common lowenergy test stand with IPHI
IPHI=Injecteur de Protons Haute Intensité (CEA+IN2P3)
a 5 MeV CW RFQ @ 352 MHz is in construction and a test
stand (2 LEP klystrons) in preparation at CEA-Saclay.
Agreement reached in April:
 IPHI RFQ split at
3 MeV to accomodate
the CERN line
 CERN will assemble a
chopper line (choppers,
quads, bunchers)
More details: CERN/PS 2002-012 (RF)
SUMMARY OF MINI-WORKSHOP ON SPL AND IPHI
R. Garoby
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
31
 Common test stand
at CEA Saclay
 Further tests (2006)
at CERN with an H- source
SPL status & plans
Staging 2 – a 120 MeV linac in
the PS South Hall
Any upgrade of the CERN
injectors to higher brightness
requires a higher energy linac
Profiting of the SPL design, we
have a unique chance to build a
new, low-cost and highperformance linac by using the
RT (120 MeV) part of the SPL
to inject H- into the PSB.
Parameters are relaxed,
there is enough space for a
linac in the PS South Hall,
the RF comes for free.
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
PARAMETERS
Maximum repetition rate
Phase 1
(PSB)
2
Phase 2
(SPL)
50
Hz
Source current *
50
30
mA
RFQ current *
40
21
mA
Chopper beam-on factor
75
62
%
Current after chopper *
30
13
mA
Pulse length (max.)
0.5
2.8
ms
Average current
15
1820
A
Max. beam duty cycle
0.1
14
%
Max. number of particles per pulse
0.9
2.3
· 1014
Transverse norm. emittance (rms)
0.25
0.25
p mm mrad
Longitudinal emittance (rms)
0.3
0.3
p deg MeV
Maximum design current
30
32
A
SPL status & plans
Staging – the 120 MeV linac
to inflector & PSB
PS Access
12.0 m
Loading Area
Loading
Area
Storage Area
352 MHz Test Stand
RF Workshop
RFQ Test stand
72 m
"NEW LINAC" Layout in the PS South Hall - version 5.2.2002
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
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SPL status & plans
Staging – the 120 MeV linac
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
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SPL status & plans
A new 120 MeV linac at CERN
(Linac 4…)
1. Cost-effective construction
(the RF is available, including waveguides and power
supplies, the building is there as well as cooling and
electricity,…)
2. Advantages for the LHC beam
(shorter filling time, more margin for the injectors,
opens the way for an LHC upgrade)
3. Many advantages for the users of secondary beams
(factor 1.8 in flux for CNGS, factor 2 for ISOLDE,
improvements for AD and n-TOF).
4. A more modern and easy-to-run injector replacing
the aging Linac2
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
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SPL status & plans
PART 3:
ROADMAP &
RESOURCES
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SPL status & plans
Roadmap (1)
CERN context

R & D on accelerators at CERN - Medium Term Plan (SPC/811)
“The R&D budget for future detectors and accelerators foreseen in the 2002-2005 MTP and for
the subsequent years to 2010 is reduced in total by 54.2 MCHF making thus available 26 MCHF
for the completion of the upgrade of the injectors. The materials budget for R&D during the
period 2003-2006 will therefore be limited to around 3.8 MCHF per year. For the time being,
similar figures are also foreseen, for the years 2007-2010. Direct manpower involved in
accelerator R&D is kept over the next 8 years at about 30 CERN staff and 5 fellows and
associates, full time equivalent per year.
It should be stressed that the above is a minimal programme of Accelerator R&D especially for
an accelerator laboratory of the importance of CERN. Its narrowness and limitations can only
be justified by the present severe budgetary problems facing CERN. Efforts will be made to
enhance the synergies in accelerator R&D with other Laboratories by enlarging the scope of
ongoing collaborations and by setting up new ones.
In the years 2002-2004 about 90 % of the accelerator R&D resources will go to the
construction of the CTF3 facility for CLIC...
R&D work on components for the front-end of a Superconducting Proton Linac (SPL) will
continue with limited funds until the first phase of CTF3 is completed and the testing of highgradient accelerating structures is well advanced. From then on, the sharing of resources
between CLIC and SPL work might evolve as a function of the results technically achieved and
of the contribution of the collaborations with other Laboratories. The work on the SPL frontend is carried out within the framework of collaboration for powerful H -- sources among
seven European laboratories and with IN2P3/CEA for a Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ)
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PS
Seminar – 27/06/2002
SPL status & plans
device…”
Roadmap (2)
[until 2006]


5 MeV H- injector (summary of collaboration
meetings in April 2002)
Tests at Saclay:








Construction & installation of RFQ1 (3MeV)
+ CW diagnostic line (3 MeV) + beam stopper
Characterisation in CW up to ~ 100 mA
Installation of chopping line + RFQ2 (?)
+ CW diagnostic line (5 MeV) with
time resolved instrumentation
Characterisation at 5 MeV [pulsed & CW]
Installation at CERN (without H+ source)
mid-2004
end 2004
mid-2005
end 2005
~ 2006
Resources:
Need to provide the foreseen CERN contribution (chopper line and instrumentation),
develop an H- source and prepare the infrastructure for installation.
Comment:
~ feasible with the manpower authorised in 2002 + ~ 500 kCHF/year
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SPL status & plans
Roadmap (3)
[until 2010 ?]
120 MeV H- linac in the PS South Hall [replacing
LINAC 2 (50 MeV H+)]




Goal: increase beam intensity for CNGS and improve
characteristics of all proton beams (LHC, ISOLDE…)
Under study: detailed design report with cost estimate in
October 2002
On-going activities:




Tests at CERN of DTL prototypes (collaboration with CEA & IN2P3)
Development of CCDTL structures
Development of new low level RF
Study of charge exchange injection in the PSB
Resources:
Requires an order of magnitude increase w.r.t. the effort invested in the 5 MeV injector
Comment:
Active search for external resources (E.U. etc.). Nothing will be possible without a clear
decision by the CERN management, linked to the commitment to an adequate support.
PS Seminar – 27/06/2002
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SPL status & plans
Roadmap (4)
[until 201x !]
Full size SPL




Necessary condition: approval of (at least) one new physics
programme (Neutrino super-beam ? EURISOL ?…)
Design is not frozen ! (beam energy, type of SC cavities…)
On-going activities:




Studies and developments for the 120 MeV injector
Characterisation of 352 MHz low b SC cavities in pulsed mode
Development of high power amplitude & phase modulator
Beam dynamics optimisation
Resources:
Large size project when combined with the realisation of high power target area(s) and
new experimental facilities
Comment:
Will need major contributions in know-how and in-kind from other laboratories.
A clear possibility of development of CERN after the completion of the LHC construction…
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SPL status & plans
Roadmap (5)

The SPL study is alive and supported, although with limited
resources, and progress is made:




A staged approach is proposed to:




design is improving,
R&D is going on,
collaborations are active and more is encouraged !
bring immediate benefits to the approved physics programme
help preserve and gradually strengthen a competent team
accelerate the realization of the complete SPL
Continuation after 2002 depends upon CERN management
decisions to solve the LHC crisis…
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SPL status & plans
CONCLUSION
1.
2.
High intensity protons beams will remain a strong asset of
CERN beyond 2010. Improving their performance is a logical
and necessary path for the approved physics programme
(especially LHC).
Proposals for new major experimental facilities are being
prepared (UNO, neutrino super-beams, EURISOL, …), for
which the CERN site is perfectly suitable.

A new high performance proton injector like the SPL would be a
key component to satisfy both needs

Such a project is ideally suited to bridge the gap between the end of payment
of the LHC construction and a future project for high energy physics (VLHC ?
Linear Collider ? Neutrino Factory ? …)
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SPL status & plans