Transcript 2O10 IN PICTURES PART 1 Walter Hays, Global Alliance for

2O10 IN PICTURES
PART 1
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for
Disaster Reduction, University of
North Carolina, USA
2010
THE YEAR OF “RECORD
AND NEAR-RECORD”
NATURAL DISASTERS
WAVE AFTER WAVE OF NATURAL
DISASTERS THAT KILLED OVER 260,000
AND CAUSED DIRECT ECONOMIC
LOSSES OF AT LEAST $222 BILLION
2010
El Nino, La Nina, Droughts,
Winter Storms, Earthquakes,
Tsunamis, Floods, Volcanic
Eruptions, Severe Windstorms,
Tsunamis, Landslides, Droughts,
and Winter Storms
2010
… And the Impacts of a
Record Environmental
Disaster in the Gulf of Mexico
(DIRECT ECONOMIC LOSSES
ESTIMATED AT $50 BILLION)
and Global Climate Change
(Unknown loses)
IMPACTED NATIONS
• Caribbean Nations, China,
Haiti, Chile, Indonesia, France,
Portugal, Spain, Belgium,
Germany, Turkey, …
IMPACTED NATIONS
(continued)
• … Madeira (Portugal), USA
(California, North Dakota,
Minnesota, Mid-Atlantic States),
Brazil, Peru, Russia, Mexico,
Iceland (Europe,---), Taiwan
IMPACTED NATIONS
(continued
• Indonesia, Taiwan, Iceland,
Europe (Poland, Germany,
Hungary, Czech Republic), USA
(Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi,
Alabama, Florida), …
IMPACTED NATIONS
(continued
• Pakistan, USA (Texas,
Louisiana, Mississippi,
Alabama, Florida, California,
Atlantic Seaboard, Arkansas,
Missouri, Illinois), Bolivia,
Israel, …
IMPACTED NATIONS
• USA (North Carolina, New
England states, Texas), Mexico,
New Zealand, Guatemala,
Pakistan, …
DROUGHTS
IN 2009, DROUGHT CONDITIONS
WERE EXCERBATED BY EL NIÑO
• El Niño caused
warming of the
Pacific Ocean,
which in turn
caused Atlantic
and Caribbean
waters to be
cooler.
CARIBBEAN NATIONS
FACED CONTINUATION OF
DROUGHT CONDITIONS
DURING 2010
DROUGHT ATTRIBUTED TO
CONTINIATION OF 2009’S EL NIÑO
CONDITIONS
CARIBBEAN COUNTRIES
EXPRIENCING DROUGHT IN 2010
• SAINT LUCIA
• BARBADOS
• SAINT VINCENT
and the
GRENADINES
• GRENADA
• ANTIGUA and
BARBUDA
• JAMAICIA
• GUYANA
• TRINIDAD and
TOBAGO
DROUGHT IN KUNMING,
CHINA: 2010
EUROPE: WINTER 2009-2010
Starting in December and
continuing into January 2010, the
northern half of EUROPE
experienced its coldest winter
since 1981–1982.
A persistent weather pattern
brought cold moist air from the
north with systems undergoing
cyclogenesis from North American
storms moving across the Atlantic
Ocean.
COMPARISON OF 2010 WITH 20002008 AVERAGE
Winter 2009 – 2010 in Europe
led to a number of deaths,
widespread transport
disruption, power failures, and
the postponement of a number
of civic and sporting events.
USA: BLIZZARD 2010 AND
NOR’EASTER
Record snowfall exceeding 1 m in some
locations and high winds reaching 80
km/hr impacted 25 Mid-Atlantic States
FEBRUARY 5-11, 2010
The blizzard occurred in
two phases less than two
months after a Dec. 19, 2009
storm dumped more than 40
cm of snow on the
Washington, DC area.
WEATHER SYSTEM OVER MIDATLANTIC STATES: FEB 5-6, 2010
NOR’EASTER: FEBRUARY 5,
2010
WHITE HOUSE, WASHINGTON,
D.C.: FEB 10, 2010
Impacts: Government offices
closed, airports closed,
universities and schools
closed, interstate highways
closed, metro service
reduced or closed down,
power outages.
EARTHQUAKES
• HAITI
• CHILE
•TURKEY
•INDONESIA
•CHINA
•TAIWAN
M7.0 EARTHQUAKE
STRIKES HAITI
A CATASTROPHE IN THE WESTERN
HEMISPHERE’S POOREST NATION
4:53 p.m.; JANUARY 12, 2010
THE DEADLIEST DISASTERS OF 2010
OCCURRED ON JANUARY 12TH
• M7.0 Haiti Earthquake that killed
230,000, largely because of the
inadequacy of the building code, left
over 1 million homeless and jobless
survivors stuck in tent cities battling
a hurricane (Tomas), cholera
outbreak, and health-care problems
for the rest of the year.
THE M7.0 HAITI
EARTHQUAKE: JAN 12
PORT AU PRINCE: 1.8 MILLION IN A
NATION OF 9 MILLION
EXAMPLE OF DAMAGE:
PORT AU PRINCE
PORT: TOPPLED CONTAINERS
COLLAPSE OF UN BUILDING;
PORT AU PRINCE
DEATH TOLL REACHED AN
ESTIMATED 230,OOO+
LANDSLIDES
• MACHU PICCHU
• SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
RAIN AND MUDSLIDES IN MACHU
PICCHU
2,500 TOURISTS STRANDED
JANUARY 28, 2010
MACHU PICCHU
MUDFLOWS IN SOUTHERN
CALIFORNIA:
FEB 6, 2010
THE INTERSECTION OF HEAVY
RAINFALL IN FIRST WINTER STORM OF
2010 AND BURNED OUT AREAS FROM
WILDFIRES OF 2009 INCREASED RISK
FACT: MUDSLIDES INCREASE
AFTER WILDFIRES
WILDFIRE- BURN AREAS ARE
SUSCEPTIBLE TO MUDFLOWS
M8.8 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES
CENTRAL CHILE:
3:34 am on February 27, 2010
Subduction Zone M8.8 Quake 500 Times
More Energy than the M7.0 Haiti Quake
800+ Deaths; 500+ Injured
Numerous Aftershocks
Tsunami Waves Travel Across Pacific
Estimated Loss: $30 Billion
LOCATION: 330 KM (200 MI)
FROM SANTIAGO
LOCATION: 100 KM FROM CONCEPCION;
330 KM FROM SANTIAGO
DAMAGED BUILDING IN
CONCEPCION
CONCEPCION: URGENT
MASS CARE NEEDS
CONCEPCION: LOOTERS
CONCEPCION: ELEVATED
HIGHWAY COLLAPSED
LOCAL TSUNAMI DAMAGE
NO DISASTERS AS TSUNAMI
WAVES MOVED ACROSS PACIFIC
LANDSLIDES
•MADEIRA (PORTUGAL)
• BRAZIL (RIO DE JANEIRO)
•TAIWAN
MUDSLIDES TRIGGERED BY
FLASH FLOODS
DEVASTATE THE MADEIRA
ISLANDS, PORTUGAL
AT LEAST 42 DEAD
FEBRUARY 20-21, 2010
LOCATION OF MADEIRA
FEBRUARY 21: FLASH
FLOOD
FEBRUARY 21:MUDSLIDE
SEVERE WINDSTORMS
Xynthia
Tropical Storms and Hurricanes:
Atlantic Basin
Tropical Storms and Hurricanes:
Pacific Basin
Typhoons
Cyclones
SEVERE WINDSTORMS
XYNTHIA
FEBRUARY 26-28, 2010
XYNTHIA: FLOODING IN
FRANCE
M6.1 EARTHQUAKE
STRIKES EASTERN
TURKEY AT 4:32 AM
THREE VILLAGES DESTROYED ALONG
WITH MANY FARM ANIMALS
AT LEAST 57 DEAD
MARCH 8, 2010
NORTH AND EAST ANATOLIAN
FAULTS
OKCULAR: POOR
CONSTRUCTION
EARTHQUAKES
• INDONESIA
•CHINA
•TAIWAN
M7.7 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES
INDONESIA NEAR
EPICENTER OF 2004 QUAKE
SUBDUCTION ZONE OF SUNDA AND
INDO-AUSTRALIA PLATES
5:15 AM, APRIL 7, 2010
LOCATION
TOWN OF SINABANG (60 KM
FROM EPICENTER)
2O10 IN PICTURES
PART 2
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for
Disaster Reduction, University of
North Carolina, USA
SURVIVORS FACED HARSH
TEMPERATURES
FLOODS
• RUSSIA (SIBERIA)
• NORTH DAKOTA AND
MINNESOTA,
• BRAZIL
•EUROPE
•PAKISTAN
FLOODS IN RUSSIA
MARCH 2010
SPRING RUNOFF AFTER A HARSH
WINTER INCREASES FLOOD RISKS
ACROSS RUSSIA
THE THREE GREAT SIBERIAN
RIVERS THAT FLOODED
FLOODING IN SIBERIA
FLOODING IN KAZAKHSTAN
FLOODING IN KAZAKHSTAN
FLOODING SOUTH OF
KAZAKHSTAN
NORTH DAKOTA, SOUTH
DAKOTA, AND MINNESOTA
EXPERIENCE MAJOR
FLOODING
MARCH 28-30, 2009
REASONS FOR FLOODING
MARCH-APRIL, 2010
THE ANNUAL FLOODING THREAT TO FARGO,
ND AND MOORHEAD, MN IS TRIGGERED BY:
 1) The Spring melt and runoff , AFTER
 2) A severe Winter.
1. Synchrony of river
discharge with Spring
runoff
2. Ice jams
3. Lake Agassiz, a glacial lake, is
the floodplain of the Red River
4. A sharp decrease in river
gradient makes the FargoMoorhead area act like a large
lake.
2010: MELT AND RUNOFF
THE “SLOW” WAY OF
MAKING SANDBAGS
THE “SPIDER” CAN MAKE
5,000 SANDBAGS PER HOUR
HALSTAD, MN: 4 FT BELOW
2009’S RECORD OF 40.5 FT
FARGO, ND: THE RED RIVER CRESTS
4 FT BELOW RECORD ON MARCH 21
REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS
TO EMBARK ON A 10-YEAR,
$1.3 BILLION FLOOD
CONTROL PROJECT
A 60 KM (36-MILE) – LONG NEW
RIVER CHANNEL IS EXPECTED
TO SOLVE THE RECURRING
THREAT
FLOODS AND MUDSLIDES
PARALYZE BRAZIL
WORST IN 50 YEARS
APRIL 7, 2010
RIO DE JANEIRO
SEARCH AND RESCUE
LANDSLIDE IN TAIWAN
EXACERBATED BY M6.5 EARTHQUAKE
AND RAIN
APRIL 26, 2010
LOCATION
LANDSLIDE
OIL SPILLS AND LEAKS
• GULF OF MEXICO
“GREAT GULF OF MEXICO
OIL SPILL OF 2010”
COASTS OF LOUISANA, ALABAMA,
MISSISSIPPI, AND FLORIDA WERE
IMPACTED BY A 5 MILLION BARREL OIL
LEAK THAT CAUSED A HUGE
ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER
APRIL 22- AUGUST ???, 2010
OIL RIG EXPLODED IN GULF
OF MEXICO: APRIL 22
DEEP WATERR HORIZON IN
GULF OF MEXICO: APRIL 22
DEEP WATER HORIZON:
APRIL 22
NASA PHOTO OF OIL SPILL
IN GULF OF MEXICO
INITIAL OIL SHEEN ON
WATER
OIL REACHES CHANDELEUR
SOUND: APRIL 30
CLEAN UP SHIPS AT ANCHOR
DUE TO WIND & WAVES: MAY 1
OIL DOME ENROUTE TO SITE
OF LEAK: MAY 6
PLACING AN OIL
CONTAINMENT BOOM: MAY 29
BOOM CONTAINS SPREAD
OF OIL: MAY 29
BOOM PROTECTING A
SMALL ISLAND
WIND & WAVES REDUCE
EFFECTIVENESS OF BOOMS
FISHERMEN OUT OF WORK:
PERMANENTLY ???
LA BATRE, AL: ALL FISHING
SHUT DOWN
“A WHALE” ARRIVES IN
GULF OF MEXICO: JULY 2
2010
THE YEAR OF “RECORD
AND NEAR-RECORD”
NATURAL DISASTERS
FLOODS
(Continued)
• EUROPE
• CHINA
• PAKISTAN
• CHINA
FLOODS AND LANDSLIDES
IN ZHONQU COUNTY, CHINA
Over 700 dead, hundreds injured, and
over 1,000 missing
Midnight - Saturday, August 7, 2010
MUDSLIDE: ZHONGU, CHINA
DAMAGED BUILDINGS
FLOODED STREETS
EXPLOSIONS RELEASED THE
BLOCKED BAILONG RIVER
PRIME MINISTER WEN JIABAO
CALLING FOR ACTION: AUG 8TH
RESCUE WORKERS
SEARCH AND RESCUE
RIVERS BURST BANKS AND
BREACH DAMS IN CENTRAL
EUROPE AFTER WEEKS OF
RAIN
POLAND, HUNGARY, GERMANY, CZECH
REPUBLIC, …
MAY – JUNE, 2010
POLAND AND VISTULA
RIVER
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
• ICELAND
• INDONESIA
Eruption of the
Eyjafjallajökull Volcano in
Southern Iceland
MARCH 20 --- APRIL 14, 2010
The Eyjafjallajökull Volcano in
Southern Iceland
The Eyjafjallajökull Volcano
The Eyjafjallajökull Volcano:
Lava and Lightning
ASH CLOUD FROM APRIL 14
ERUPTION
A dark and spectacular volcanic
cloud spread over Britain and
toward continental Europe on
Thursday, April 15, forcing airlines
to cancel thousands of flights as it
drifted at high altitude south and
east from the continuing eruption in
Iceland.
Steam and Ash Cloud:
April 17
Glacier and the Ash Cloud:
April 18
A week of airspace closures caused
by the ash threat to planes created
the worst breakdown in civil
aviation in Europe since World War
II, which caused more than 100,000
flights to be canceled and losses of
over $2 billion to the airline
industry.
2O10’S SEVERE WINDSTORMS
(Continued)
Tropical Storms and Hurricanes:
Atlantic Basin
Tropical Storms and Hurricanes:
Pacific Basin
Typhoons
Cyclones
A diminished El Nino created more
favorable conditions for an
increase in Atlantic basin severe
windstorms during 2010, as
compared with 2009.
HURRICANES IN EASTERN PACIFIC
•
•
•
•
•
•
AGATHA
BLAS
CELIA
DARBY
FRANK
…
TROPICAL STORM AGATHA
STRIKES GUATEMALA
SHORTLY AFTER PACAVA
ERUPTS
FIRST STORM OF PACIFIC SEASON
FOLLOWS VOLCANIC ERUPTION
MAY 27-29, 2010
AGATHA’S PATH
TORRENTIAL RAINS
SINKHOLE: GUATEMALA
CITY
ATLANTIC BASIN TROPICAL
STORMS AND HURRICANES: 2010
•
•
•
•
Alex (H) June 21
Bonnie July 27
Colin Aug 3
Danielle (H)
Aug 21
• Earl (H) Aug.29
• Fiona Aug 30
ATLANTIC BASIN TROPICAL
STORMS AND HURRICANES: 2010
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Gaston Sept 1
Hermine Sept 6
Igor (H) Sept 8
Julia (H) Sept 12
Karl (H) Sept 14
Lisa (H) Sept 20
Matthew Sept 24
ATLANTIC BASIN TROPICAL
STORMS AND HURRICANES: 2010
•
•
•
•
Nicole Sept 29
Otto (H) Oct 6
Paula (H) OCT 11
Richard (H) Oct
21
ATLANTIC BASIN TROPICAL
STORMS AND HURRICANES: 2010
• Shary (H) Oct 27
• Tomas (H) Oct
29
• Virginie (Never
formed)
• Walter (Never
formed)
ALEX STARTED AS A TROPICAL WAVE
IN THE CARIBBEAN: JUNE 20
TROPICAL STORM ALEX:
LANDFALL AT BELIZE; JUNE 26
TYPHOON CHANTHU
(Category 1)
July 17-23, 2010
TYPHOON CHANTHU: A CAT
1 STORM
TROPICAL STORM COLIN:
FORMS ON WED, AUGUST 3
25/08/2010
S.MORA
144
25/08/2010
S.MORA
145
WILDFIRES
• SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• RUSSIA
•BOLIVIA
• ISRAEL
WILFIRES IN SOUTHERN
CALIFORNIA: LEONA
VALLEY AND KERN
COUNTY
JULY 27 – AUGUST ?, 2010
LEONA VALLEY, CA
LEONA VALLEY, CA
DC-10 DROPPING FLAME
RETARDANT: PALMDALE CA
FIREFIGHTERS: KERN
COUNTY WILDFIRE
RUSSIAN PRESIDENT
DECLARES STATE OF
EMERGENCY FOR WILDFIRES
600 WILDFIRES IN 7 REGIONS RELATED
TO PROLONGED HEAT WAVE
JULY 29 – AUGUST ?, 2010
242,000 BATTLE WILDFIRES
NORTHWEST PAKISTAN (AND
AFGHANISTAN) HIT BY FLASH
FLOODS AFTER PROLONGED
MONSOON RAINS
JULY 28 - AUGUST 2, 2010
Summer floods are common in
Pakistan as a result of monsoon
rains that swell rivers and streams
across the country, but 2010’s
floods were the worst in 80 years
and set new records.
DERA ISMAIL KHAN:
INUNDATED
MUZAFFARABAD: RISING
FLOOD WATERS
THOUSANDS OF MUD BRICK
HOMES COLLAPSED
NOWSHERA: DAMAGED MUD
HOUSE
COLLAPSED HOUSE
TRYING TO DIVERT WATER
SOME LIVESTOCK WERE SAVED,
BUT THOUSANDS DROWNED
PESHAWAR: MELONS
BECAME PRECIOUS
CLINGING TO DEBRIS
NOWSHERA: SEEKING
HIGHER GROUND
SEEKING HIGHER GROUND
SEEKING A SAFE HAVEN
CHARSADDA: TRYING TO
EVACUATE
EVACUATION: CARRYING
SELECTED POSSESSIONS
NOWSHERA: EVACUATION
NOWSHERA: EVACUATION
TO A SAFE HAVEN
EVACUATION: A DIFFICULT
TASK
MUZAFFARABAD: INADEQUATE
TEMPORARY SHELTER
30,000 Pakistani troops rescued
28,000 people using helicopters and
other means, and distributed water
and food.
NOWSHERA: PAKISTANI
ARMY DISTRIBUTING WATER
FLOODS
(Continued)
• CHINA
FLOODS AND LANDSLIDES
IN ZHONQU COUNTY, CHINA
Over 700 dead, hundreds injured, and
over 1,000 missing
Midnight - Saturday, August 7, 2010
MUDSLIDE: ZHONGU, CHINA
DAMAGED BUILDINGS
FLOODED STREETS
EXPLOSIONS RELEASED THE
BLOCKED BAILONG RIVER
PRIME MINISTER WEN JIABAO
CALLING FOR ACTION: AUG 8TH
RESCUE WORKERS
SEARCH AND RESCUE
WILDFIRES IN BOLIVA
AUGUST 19- 26, 2010
PRESIDENT EVO MORALES
DECLARES STATE OF EMERGENCY
2O10 IN PICTURES
PART 3
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for
Disaster Reduction, University of
North Carolina, USA