Transcript PSYCHOPATHOLOGY OF CHILDREN AND FAMILY WEEK 12 SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE

PSYCHOPATHOLOGY OF CHILDREN
AND FAMILY
WEEK 12
SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE
Classification of Substance-Related
Disorders
 Substance Abuse and Dependence
- Substance abuse involve a pattern of recurrent
use that leads to damaging consequences.
- Substance dependence is the development of
physiological signs of dependence. (tolerance or
withdrawal) or by compulsive use of a
substance.
 Addiction, Physiological Dependence, and
Psychological Dependence
- addiction as the habitual or compulsive use of a
drug accompanied by evidence of physiological
dependence
- Physiological dependence means that one’s
body has changed as a result of the regular use of
a psychoactive drug in such a way that tolerance
or withdrawal syndrome develop.
- Psychological dependence involves a patterns of
compulsive use of associated with impaired
control over the use of drug.
 Pathways to Drug Dependence
1. Experimentation
2. Routine use
3. Addiction or dependence
Drugs of Abuse
 Depressants
is a drug that slow down the activity of the nervous
system.
 Alcohol
 Barbiturates
 Opioids
 Stimulants
- increases the activity of the nervous system
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Amphetamines
Ecstacy
Cocaine
Nicotine
 Hallucinogens
- produces sensory distortion and hallucination
 LSD
 Phencyclidine (PCP)
 Marijuana
Theoretical Perspectives
 Biological Perspectives
 Neurotransmitters
 Genetic Factors
 Learning Perspectives
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Operant Conditioning
Alcohol and Tension Reduction
Negative Reinforcement and Withdrawal
The Conditioning Model of Cravings
Observational Learning
 Cognitive Perspectives
 Outcome Expectancies, and Substance Abuse
 Self-Efficacy Expectancies
 Does One "Slip" Cause People with Substance Abuse or
Dependence to Go on Binges? Perhaps What You Believe
Is What You Get
 Psychodynamic Perspectives
 Sociocultural Perspectives
 Tying It Together
Treatment of Substance Abuse and
Dependence
 Biological Approaches
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Detoxification
Disulfiram
Antidepressants
Nicotine Replacement Therapy
Methadone Maintenance Programs
Nalaxone and Naltrexone
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Culturally Sensitive Treatment of Alcoholism
Nonprofessional Support Groups
Residential Approaches
Psychodynamic Approaches
Behavioral Approaches
 Self-Control Strategies
 Aversive Conditioning
 Social Skills Training
 Relapse-Prevention Training
 Summing Up
CLASS ACTIVITY 1
 Distinguish between substance abuse and
dependence, tolerance and withdrawal.
 Distinguish between psychological and
physiological dependence.
 Describe physical and psychological effects of
depressants, stimulants and hallucinogens.
CLASS ACTIVITY II
 Discuss biological, learning, cognitive, psychodynamic,
and sociocultural perspectives of substance abuse and
dependence.
 Discuss approaches to treating substance abuse and
dependence including detoxification, disulfiram,
antidepressants, nicotine replacement, methadone
maintenance and nalaxone/naltrexone.
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 Discuss approaches to treating substance abuse and
dependence including, nonprofessional support
groups, residential approaches, psychodynamic
approaches, and behavioral approach.
 Discuss the need for, and methods of, relapseprevention training.