Transcript Document 7332671

Exile and
Return
The Jews continued
their religion
during exile in
Babylon.
Synagogue
s formed to
give the
people
hope.
Babylonian
Exile
The Jews were
forced to live in
a foreign land.
Jews met
on
Sabbath.
Jews prayed
and discussed
their religion
Jews rebuilt Jerusalem
and the temple.
Leaders became
Temple priests
& scribes
Cyrus appointed officials
To rule the country and
Collect taxes from the
People.
Cyrus the Great
 A tolerant ruler  he let
cultures within his empire
to keep their own
institutions.
The Jews called him “the
anointed of the Lord.”
(In 537, he allowed over
40,000 to return to
Palestine).
580 – 529 B. C.
The Persian Empire
The Torah
Under scribe Ezra, the five
books to the Torah were
written on parchment
pieces sewn together to
make long scrolls.
Hebrew Bible has the 5 books of the
Torah and 34 other books of Jewish
history.
Stories like Noah and the arc, tower
of Babel to explain many languages
Jerusalem: Studying the Torah
The Torah
Jews look to the future
Parts contain prophecies for peaceful future.
Ex. Daniel
Daniel lived in Babylon and advised king. When he
would not worship Babylonian gods, he was thrown
into Lion’s Den
Jew’s always reminded of God’s protection and plan.
Isaiah Scroll
Jews spread their
beliefs to the Greek
world and regained
control of Judah.
334 B.C.:
Alex the Great
Began conquest of
Known world.
Alex let them stay
331 B.C.:
Alexander
defeated
Persians and
gained
Control of Judah.
there but
forced Greek culture
and beliefs
on
Meaning Greek for “scattered”
Who
Jews outside of Judah
Where Many parts of the world
What
Jews learned Greek but
stayed loyal to Judaism
(copied Hebrew Bible to
The Jewish
Diaspora
Antiochus
made Jews
worship
Greek
gods
Cleansed
temple by
destroying
Greek gods
Drove
Greeks out
of Judah
Judas
Maccabeus
rebelled
He and
followers fled
to form army
known as
Maccabees
“FESTIVAL OF LIGHTS”
CELEBRATE IN DECEMBER
Each year, Jews recall the cleansing of temple when they
celebrate Hanukkah.
Priests from Maccabeus’s family ruled Judah and took
over land that had been part of the Kingdom of Israel.
Jewish Way of Life
Religion shaped the Jewish way of life.
Jewish laws became
important when
they no longer had
their own land and
king.
Family Life
http://www.kashrut.com/articles/soul_food/
Jewish Diet
Sons carried name
Fathers taught sons how to work and worship
Elders taught Torah
Mothers taught girls to be good wives and mothers
Girls learned diet laws and about courageous women
Only certain animals
Only beef and lamb – NO PORK!!
KASHRUT – laws about food
Jews only eat kosher.*****
No dairy with meat
.jmberlin.de/ksl/infoblatt/koscher/koscher_EN.php
Jewish
Clothing
Law forbade mixing fabrics
Men wore tunics of linen and cloaks
Caps (yarmulkes) and sandals
Women wore simple dresses and covered head
Jews and the Romans
Under Roman rule, Jews were divided
and rebellious. Romans destroyed the
temple and exiled the Jews.
Romans:
Conquered Judah
in
63 B.C.
Renamed
The area
Judaea
At first
Allowed Jewish
Rulers to run
Judaea
Herod the Great’s Kingdom
BEST KNOWN
FOR:
1. Cruelty and changes
to temple.
2. King of Judaea
when Jesus was
born.
Herod the Great’s Kingdom
AFTER
HEROD’S
DEATH:
1. Romans replaced
Jewish king with a
Roman governer.
2. Jewish factions
formed splitting up
power.
Pharisees
Sadducees
* taught Torah and how
To apply to daily life
* in synagogues
* supported by
Common people
•Believed Torah
Applies to priests
in temple
•Most were priests
And scribes
Jewish
factions
Essenes
•Broke from temple
To live in desert
•Praying and waiting
For God’s deliverance
Dead Sea Scrolls Museum in Israel
•Dead Sea Scrolls were found in 1947
• Were probably written by Essenes
The Essene Community at
Qumran
The Essene Ruins at Qumran
The Essene Community at
Qumran
The Jewish Revolts (66-70 A.D.)
Messiah – a
deliverer sent by God
Zealots – Jews that wanted to fight
Romans for their freedom.
JEWISH REVOLTS
A.D. 66
Zealots drove
Romans out
But were
Conquered
Again 4 years
Later.
A.D. 132
another revolt
Put down
Romans killed
Jews and
Destroyed
Temple.
Romans drove
Jews from
Jerusalem and
Renamed Judah
Palestine.
Masada: Never Again!
Roman
Encampment
Jews then had rabbis to be
teachers of the Torah.
Johanan ben Zakkai – a
famous rabbi
1. After A.D. 70, he
made sure
study of the
Torah continue.
2. Founded school in
Palestine that became center
of Torah studies for
centuries.
Rabbis combined teachings
about Torah and the Torah
into book called Talmud
2000 years – most Jews
lived outside Palestine.
1948 – nation of
Israel created.