Transcript AGVS Guidance Systems And Routing Kevin Ferguson
AGVS Guidance Systems and Routing
AGVS
Guidance Systems And Routing
Kevin Ferguson Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.
Slide 1
2000 Kevin W. Ferguson
AGVS Overview
• Components – Controller – Sensors – RF Modem • Vehicles – Fork Truck – Tow Truck – Conveyor Deck – Scissor Lift • Guidance Systems and Routing
AGVS Guidance Systems and Routing Slide 2
2000 Kevin W. Ferguson
Problem Area
• How Does a Company Choose a
Guidance System?
• What Things Need to Be Considered
When Choosing a Route?
AGVS Guidance Systems and Routing Slide 3
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Guidance Systems (1)
• Wire Guidance – Wire Placed in Floor – Vehicle Follows Wire • Coils Straddle Wire in Floor • Voltage Difference is 0 When Centered • If Off Center, Coils Create Steering Signal – Disadvantages • Vehicle May Not Know Location • Not Flexible – Advantages • Reliable • Good for Dirty Environment
AGVS Guidance Systems and Routing Slide 4
2000 Kevin W. Ferguson
Guidance Systems (2)
• Optical Guidance Systems – Use Paint or Reflective Items on Floor – Light on Bottom of Vehicle Reflects off
The Paint/Items
– Sensors Detect Light and Guide Vehicle – Disadvantages • Paint/Items Wear • Must Be Clear of Obstructions – Advantages • Flexible • Easy to Repair
AGVS Guidance Systems and Routing Slide 5
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Guidance Systems (3)
• Laser Guidance – Laser Scanner Looks for Reflective
Targets
– Scanner Measures X and Y Coordinates
from Targets
– Target Locations are Preprogrammed – Needs Three to Five Targets in “Sight” – Disadvantages • Requires Additional Setup Time • 15-30% Increase in cost – Advantages • Flexibility • Used in Rough Terrain
AGVS Guidance Systems and Routing Slide 6
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Guidance Systems (4)
• Inertial Guidance System – Gyroscope Detects Accelerations – Information from Gyroscope is sent to
Controller to Direct AGV
– Disadvantages • Parts Wear • To Be Effective, System Needs Additional
Guidance Devices
– Advantages • Flexibility • Reliable
AGVS Guidance Systems and Routing Slide 7
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Guidance Systems (5)
• Dead-Reckoning – Rotation and Steer Angle Are Measured – Wheel Slip Gives False Readings • The Future – More Laser Guided Systems – Use of GPS
AGVS Guidance Systems and Routing Slide 8
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Routing Considerations
• Number of Vehicles • Floor Space • Static Guide Path – Unidirectional – Bi-directional • Dynamic Path • Source/Delivery Points • Routing Efficiencies
AGVS Guidance Systems and Routing Slide 9
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Conclusions/Implications (1)
AGVS Guidance Systems and Routing
• Systems Have Merit • Must Carefully Consider Desires for
System Prior to Selecting Route and Guidance System
• Wire Guided Systems are Most Reliable • Laser Guided Systems Maximize
Flexibility Slide 10
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Conclusions/Implications (2)
AGVS Guidance Systems and Routing
• AGVS Use Computers Instead of People • AGVS Offer Coverage Around the Clock
at No Additional Cost
• Another Application of Computer
Integrated Manufacturing Slide 11
2000 Kevin W. Ferguson