Transcript Document 7323320

Earth
Sciences
Division
European Contribution to the Global
Precipitation Mission (EGPM)
A new ESA Earth Explorer Opportunity Mission
Paul Ingmann and Pedro Baptista
Earth Sciences Division
ESA/ESTEC
Noordwijk/NL
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
The Elements of ESA’s EO Programme
•
Earth
Sciences
Division
Individual Optional Missions
 METEOSAT and METEOSAT Second Generation (MSG) - with EUMETSAT
 ERS-2
 ENVISAT
 METOP - with EUMETSAT
•
Covered by the Earth Observation Envelope Programme
 Earth Explorer and Earth Watch Missions
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
The Earth Explorer Missions
Earth
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Earth Observation Future Missions
operational,
service oriented,
or monitoring
missions
Earth Watch
Core Missions
larger missions, ESA led
< 400 MEURO
Earth Explorer
research oriented, also
demonstration of new
observation techniques
Opportunity
Missions
smaller, faster
missions, not
necessarily ESA led
< 110 MEURO
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
Earth
Current Situation of the Earth Explorer MissionsSciences
Division
GOCE
CRYOSAT
ADM/Aeolus
SMOS
Phases C/D/E1
started
Launch 2006
Phases C/D/E1 started
Launch 2004
Lidar pre-development on-going
Phase B started in July 2002
Launch 2007
Extended Phase A
ongoing
Launch 2005
Opportunity-1
Core-2
Opportunity-2
Core-1

Homepage: http://www.esa.int/livingplanet
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
Earth
Sciences
Division
The Earth Explorer Core Missions: 2nd Cycle
 Three Earth Explorer Core Mission Concepts selected for
Phase A study:
•
EarthCARE – Earth clouds aerosol and radiation explorer
•
SPECTRA – surface processes and ecosystems changes through
response analysis
•
WALES - water vapour lidar experiment in space
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
The Earth Explorer Core Missions
Earth
Sciences
Division
EarthCARE Science Objectives
EarthCARE has been specifically defined with the scientific objectives
of determining for the first time, in a radiatively consistent manner, the
global distribution of vertical profiles of cloud and aerosol field
characteristics to provide basic essential input data for numerical
modelling and global studies of:
• divergence of radiative energy,
• aerosol-cloud-radiation interaction,
• vertical distribution of water and ice and their transport by clouds,
• the vertical cloud field overlap and cloud-precipitation interactions.
Core elements: cloud radar, backscatter lidar plus MSI, BBR, FTS
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
The Earth Explorer Core Missions
Earth
Sciences
Division
WALES Science Objectives
To determine profiles of water vapour accurately and at high
vertical resolution from space with global coverage
CORE ELEMENT:
Nadir-viewing water vapour
DIfferential Absorption
Lidar (DIAL) System
First active humidity profiler in space
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
Earth
Sciences
Division
Background to EGPM
EuroTRMM: Participants
Data ‘Processors’:
CETP/CNRS (F)
Radar (PR) algorithms, airborne campaigns and validation
IFA (I)
Radiometer (TMI) algorithms
DLR (D)
Radiometer (TMI) algorithms
U. Munich (D)
Imager (VIRS) algorithms
Univ. Essex (UK)
Volume scattering, ground-based radar algorithms
UCL (B)
Sea-surface scattering
RAL (UK)
Ground-based radar validation data
GPCC/DWD (D)
Ground-based rain-gauge data
Data Users:
ECMWF
Data assimilation
MPI (D)
Convection scheme (regional model)
EuroTRMM co-funded by European Commission and European Space Agency.
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
EuroTRMM: Work Structure
Earth
Sciences
Division
User Requirements
ECMWF
Scattering Models
UCL & U. Essex
Field Campaigns
CETP &RAL
Adaptation & validation
of existing algorithms
CETP, DLR, IFA & U. Munich
Rain-gauge data
GPCC & MPI
Development & validation
of synergetic algorithms
CETP, DLR, IFA & U. Munich
Data
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
EuroTRMM: Work Structure (cont.)
Earth
Sciences
Division
Data
Production & delivery
of TRMM precipitation
fields for validation
CETP & IFA
Development & validation
of convection schemes
(regional models)
MPI
Assimilation of TRMM
precipitation data
ECMWF
Development & validation
a new SSM/I algorithm for
climatological applications
DLR
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
EuroTRMM: Conclusions
Earth
Sciences
Division
Impact of the assimilation of TRMM rain rates on ECMWF forecasts for tropical wind at 850 hPa
Same impact as the one obtained by doubling the resolution of the model
ECMWF will start operational data assimilation in 2003
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
Earth
Sciences
Division
EGPM and EuroTRMM
•
EuroTRMM has proven very useful for the exploitation of TRMM data
•
EuroTRMM has been an essential building block in preparation of EGPM
•
Members of EuroTRMM team proposed EGPM to ESA
•
Key members of EuroTRMM are also members of the EGPM-MAG
Ensures continuity
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
The Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions
Earth
Sciences
Division
Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions: 2nd Cycle
 25 Earth Explorer Opportunity Mission Concepts submitted
(by early 2002)
Addressing all Earth science disciplines including atmospheric chemistry, physics, land,
ocean/ice. Evaluation on-going – final scientific recommendation by the ESAC.
3 missions recommended for Phase A study:
1.
2.
3.
ACE+ - radio occultation constellation mission
EGPM – European contribution to GPM
SWARM – magnetosphere mission
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
The Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions
Earth
Sciences
Division
EEOM - Assessment of EGPM
•
Availability of fresh water is so dominant for human development.
•
Mission is a major European contribution to the Global Precipitation
Mission (GPM).
•
EGPM features additional deliverables that are needed at high latitudes
(such as Europe and Canada); achieved by extending the microwave
radiometer measurements to higher frequencies ensuring the capability to
measure snowfall.
•
As an option, a 36 GHz radar to improve the accuracy of the
precipitation retrieved from the microwave radiometer is considered.
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
The Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions
Earth
Sciences
Division
The EGPM-MAG - Members
•
•
EOEP – user driven programme
Missions supported by mission advisory groups (MAGs)
Member
Affiliation
Alberto Mugnai
ISAC/CNR
Jacques Testud
CETP
Peter Bauer
ECMWF
Chris Kidd
University of Birmingham
Giorgio Roth
University of Genoa and Basilicata
Maria del Carmen Llasat
University of Barcelona
[N.N.]
USA
[N.N.]
Japan
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
The Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions
Earth
Sciences
Division
EGPM Overall Planning
2002
2003
2004
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr
detailed design and performance consolidation
PHASE A system studiesITT
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
PCR
PRR
Supporting activities
MAG meetings
MCR
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
The Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions
Earth
Sciences
Division
The EGPM Mission
Partnership Opportunity
EGPM
Primary
TDRSS
SSMIS (2)
International
Partners
•Space Segments
Constellation
White Sands
SSMIS Operations
•Ground Segments
International
Partner Operations
Center
Archive
Global Precipitation
Data Processing Center
Near
3-hr
Climate
Real-Time
Rain
Data
Rainfall
Map
U.S.
Mission
Operations
Center
GP Data Broadcast
Network
Validation Data
•Research
IR Data
AMSU
Europe
•Dissemination
Virtual
Ground
Station
Global Precipitation Network
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
The Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions
Earth
Sciences
Division
The EGPM Mission– Observational Requirements
Parameter
Requirement
Global
Horizontal Domain
Horizontal Resolution
[km]
20
Vertical Domain
[km]
0 – 15
Vertical resolution
[km]
(for mid-latitudes only)
Dynamic range
[mm/h]
Precipitation rate accuracy
Threshold
Goal
TBD
0.5
Liquid
Solid
0.1 to 100
0.1 to 20
Threshold
Goal
Threshold
Precipitation rate < 1 mm/h
[%]
100
50
TBD
1 < precipitation rate < 10 mm/h
[%]
50
25
TBD
Precipitation rate > 10 mm/h
[%]
25
10
TBD
> 95%
Data Reliability
Observation cycle
[hour]
Data Delivery (global)
[hour]
Data Delivery (Europe)
[hour]
< 3 (*)
Threshold
Goal
<4
<2
< 0.25
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
(*) requires GPM constellation
23 – 27 Sep 2002
The Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions
Earth
Sciences
Division
The EGPM Mission - Data Users
Three different classes of users can be identified:
 Near-real-time users (‘nowcasting’)
 Operational meteorology users
 Research oriented users
• The first group requires delivery within 15 minutes for issuing e.g.
warnings (raw data dumps, Level 0)
• The second group for operational applications require the Level 1b data
product in near real-time (< 4 hrs after the observation) throughout the
mission
• For research applications, any processing level may be required, from
level 0 data to Level 2 – strong link to other GPM partners.
Level 0 and Level 1b data products should be archived for 10 years (or more) to allow
re-analysis. Data should be available to the international scientific user community on
request.
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
The Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions
Earth
Sciences
Division
EGPM System – Observation Requirements
• Sun-synchronous orbit Equator crossing time 14:30 LST (TBC)
• Global coverage (tropical to polar while focus on mid-latitudes)
• Altitude 635 km (passive only) or 510 km (passive and active) (TBC)
• Coverage to be optimised for Europe (in space and time)
• Instrument foot prints and allowed horizontal integration length are
assumed to satisfy the mission requirements (coverage, spatial and
temporal resolution)
• Only a posteriori geo-location, horizontal location error better than 2 km
(TBC)
• 3 years mission duration; satellite designed for a lifetime of 5 yrs
• Launch date 2008-2012
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
The Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions
Earth
Sciences
Division
EGPM – Payload Requirements
Radiometer – Baseline Channels
Frequency Freq. Bandwidth EFOV Polarisation Required
[GHz] stability [GHz]
NEΔT [K]
[km2]
[MHz]
18.7
10
0.2
26×26
H+V
0.5
23.8
10
0.4
26×26
V
0.5
36.5
100
1.0
14×8.5
H+V
0.5
89.0 (*)
50
3.0
7×7
H+V
1.0
(*)
157.0
50
3.0
7×7
H+V
1.0
Absolute
accuracy
[K]
0.5
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
(*) = channel should provide contiguous and concentric coverage along and across track
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
Earth
Sciences
Division
Overall ESA Earth Observation Launch Schedule
1999
2000
2001
2002
ENVISAT
C/D
Meteosat Second
C/D
METOP
C/D
Gravity Mission (GOCE)
C/D Launch
2003
2004
Launch 1
SMOS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Launch 2
Launch 1
Launch 2
Launch
C/D
Atmospheric Dynamics
Cryosat
2005
Launch
C/D
Launch
Launch
C/D
C/D
B
B
EEOM-1
EEOM-2
Launch
C/D
B
Launch
C/D
Launch
Sep-02
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002
Earth
Sciences
Division
Conclusions
•
•
Major contribution to ‘precipitation’ from EGPM, one of the
forthcoming Earth Explorer missions
Other missions in preparation by ESA in the context of the Earth
Explorers providing relevant observations also getting
implemented:
 The Atmospheric Dynamics Mission (for transports) - Core mission
 CRYOSAT (polar ice thickness) - Opportunity mission
 SMOS (soil moisture and ocean salinity) - Opportunity mission
Plus two of the three candidate Earth Explorer Core missions, EarthCARE and WALES.
(ESA Earth Observation WEB Portal - http://www.esa.int/livingplanet)
1st International Precipitation WG Workshop, Madrid, Spain
23 – 27 Sep 2002