Transcript Chapter 2: Matter and Energy Section 1: Matter

Chapter 2: Matter and Energy
Section 1: Matter
Matter: Anything that has
mass and volume
• A solid is a form of matter that has the following
properties:
– Definite Shape
– Definite Volume
– Not easily compressed
• The particles in a solid are packed tightly together in
an orderly configuration.
• Examples: wood, rock
Types of Solids
Crystal
• Describes a solid that has a repeating
structure
• Example: NaCl
Amorphous Material
• Describes a solid that has a random
arrangement of atoms
• Example: rubber, plastic, asphalt, glass
• A liquid is a form of matter that has the following
properties:
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Indefinite Shape
Definite Volume
Not Easily Compressed
Flows
• The particles in a liquid are in close contact with one
another, but are not arranged in an orderly
configuration.
• Examples: apple juice, milk
• A gas is a form of matter that has the following
properties:
– Indefinite Shape
– Indefinite Volume
– Easily Compressed
• The particles of a gas are farther apart than in either a
solid or a liquid and there is no orderly arrangement.
• Examples: steam, oxygen
A closer look at the particles that make
up solids, liquids, and gases
Ice Cube: Solid
Steam: Gas
Glass of Water: Liquid
A Bar of Soap?
Solid!!
Soap in a Bottle??
Liquid!!
Iodine
Gas!!
Silver Ring??
Solid!!
Melting
Freezing
Condensation
Vaporization
Deposition
Sublimation
Physical Changes: Keywords
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Cut
Split
Slice
Crush
Bend
Melt
Freeze
Boil
Evaporate
Dissolve
Chemical Changes: Keywords
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Burn
Rot
Rust
React
Decompose
Combustion
Explode
Corrode
Element
Element
Compound
Classifying Substances Activity
• Classify the following substances as an element
or compound.
a. CO (Carbon Monoxide)
b. Co (Cobalt)
c. HCl (Hydrochloric Acid)
d. Mg (Magnesium)
e. NaHCO3 (Sodium Bicarbonate)
f. NO (Nitrogen Monoxide)
g. Cl2 (Chlorine)
Classifying Substances Activity
• Classify the following substances as an element
or compound.
a. CO (Carbon Monoxide) = compound
b. Co (Cobalt) = element
c. HCl (Hydrochloric Acid) = compound
d. Mg (Magnesium) = element
e. NaHCO3 (Sodium Bicarbonate) = compound
f. NO (Nitrogen Monoxide) = compound
g. Cl2 (Chlorine) = element
Classifying Mixtures Activity
Group each of the following mixtures into one of
the following categories: heterogeneous
mixture or homogeneous mixture
soup, salad, salt water, vinegar, air, salad
dressing, stainless steel, food coloring,
granite, ice cubes in liquid water, mashed
unpeeled potatoes, mouthwash, laundry
detergent, cereal, mud
Classifying Mixtures Activity
• Homogeneous Mixture: salt water, vinegar
(mixture of water and acetic acid), stainless steel
(mixture of iron, chromium, and nickel), food
coloring, mouthwash
• Heterogeneous Mixture: soup, salad, air, granite
rock, ice cubes in liquid water, mashed unpeeled
potatoes, laundry detergent, cereal, salad
dressing, mud
Classifying Matter Activity
Identify the following as a mixture or a
substance:
oxygen, neon, apple, sand, iron, water, air,
paint, sodium chloride, sucrose, carbon
dioxide, granite, laundry detergent, citric acid,
cereal, salad, salad dressing, copper, ocean
water, gold
Classifying Matter Activity
• Mixture: apple, sand, air, paint, granite,
laundry detergent, cereal, salad, salad
dressing, ocean water
• Substance: oxygen, neon, iron, water, sodium
chloride, sucrose, carbon dioxide, citric acid,
copper, gold