Two-particle angular correlations in p+p and d+Au collisions George S.F. Stephans for the

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Transcript Two-particle angular correlations in p+p and d+Au collisions George S.F. Stephans for the

Two-particle angular correlations
in p+p and d+Au collisions
George S.F. Stephans
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
for the
collaboration
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
i
A hint of
Two-particle angular correlations
in p+p and d+Au collisions
Plus results for fluctuations of
rapidity distributions in Au+Au
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Collaboration (August 2005)
Burak Alver, Birger Back, Mark Baker, Maarten Ballintijn, Donald Barton, Russell Betts, Richard Bindel,
Wit Busza (Spokesperson), Zhengwei Chai, Vasundhara Chetluru, Edmundo García, Tomasz Gburek,
Kristjan Gulbrandsen, Clive Halliwell, Joshua Hamblen, Ian Harnarine, Conor Henderson, David
Hofman, Richard Hollis, Roman Hołyński, Burt Holzman, Aneta Iordanova, Jay Kane,Piotr Kulinich,
Chia Ming Kuo,
Wei Li, Willis Lin, Constantin Loizides, Steven Manly, Alice Mignerey, Gerrit van Nieuwenhuizen,
Rachid Nouicer, Andrzej Olszewski, Robert Pak, Corey Reed, Eric Richardson, Christof Roland,
Gunther Roland, Joe Sagerer, Iouri Sedykh, Chadd Smith, Maciej Stankiewicz, Peter Steinberg,
George Stephans, Andrei Sukhanov, Artur Szostak, Marguerite Belt Tonjes, Adam Trzupek,
Sergei Vaurynovich, Robin Verdier, Gábor Veres, Peter Walters, Edward Wenger, Donald Willhelm,
Frank Wolfs, Barbara Wosiek, Krzysztof Woźniak, Shaun Wyngaardt, Bolek Wysłouch
ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY
INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS PAN, KRAKOW
NATIONAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITY, TAIWAN
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
George S.F. Stephans
Sample 2-particle correlation
d+Au @ 200 GeV MinBias
Raw data
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Dominant physics in raw correlation
d+Au @ 200 GeV MinBias
Detector effects
(-e, etc.)
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Dominant physics in raw correlation
d+Au @ 200 GeV MinBias
Momentum
conservation
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Status of Phobos Results
Why do this in Phobos?
Large  available
Can look at  or   at large ||
Work ongoing to remove uninteresting effects.
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Change of Topic
In addition to looking at correlations in ,
Phobos can study essentially all of dN/d
either averaged or on event-by-event basis.
Many physics possibilities:
Dependence on energy, system, and centrality
Event-by-event correlations and fluctuations
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Extended longitudinal scaling - I
Au+Au
When effectively
62.4 (Prelim)
130
200
viewed in 19.6
the rest
frame of one of the
colliding nuclei,
dN/d appears to be
independent of
energy over a very
large range of ',
denoted “extended
longitudinal scaling”
(previously “limiting
fragmentation”).
Similar scaling observed for flow:
Implies effect is set at an early stage.
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
dN/d for Cu+Cu
Extended longitudinal scaling is also observed
to hold for Cu data.
62.4
Cu+Cu
Phobos
Prelim
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
200
Extended longitudinal scaling - II
The shape is a function of centrality but the
scaling with energy is repeated for each bin.
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Extended longitudinal scaling - III
Take the
peripheral dN/d,
The
factorization
of the centrality and energy
normalize
by Npart
dependence
is, quite remarkable.
divide by the central dN/d,
also normalized by Npart
dN
N part
PC
R

d 35  40%
N Part
35  40%
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
dN
d 0  6%
N Part
0  6%
George S.F. Stephans
Factorization of Energy and Centrality
dN/d for 35-40% over 0-6%, each normalized by Npart
Take
Periph
over
Central
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Observations on dN/d
Complete factorization of centrality and energy
observed in all data studied to date.
It seems inappropriate to separate longitudinal
phase space into distinct “fragmentation” and
“central” regions governed by different physics.
Differences in particle density will produce
variations in final-state effects but the overall
shape is set by the initial energy and centrality.
“As we discovered on the train, tomorrow never
happens, it’s all the same %#&*% day” J. Joplin
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Some Related Studies
Do regions of  correlate event-by-event?
P.Steinberg talk last Saturday
Are there events with very large multiplicity?
Does the shape of dN/d vary event-by-event?
These constitute the remainder of this talk…
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
What we did - I
Used 3% most central event sample in high
statistics 200 GeV Au+Au data set.
About 1.96M events pass all quality cuts
Looked at the distribution of the total number
of hits in the multiplicity detectors.
Note that these analyses required multiple
passes through the entire data sample (not
just the 3%), each pass took about 2-4 hours
using PROOF and distributed disk storage.
See poster by M. Ballintijn
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Results - Ia
There is a tail on the high-total-hit side
Cut
570 evts
More than
one event??
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George S.F. Stephans
Could it be pileup?
“Pileup” means a single event in which the data
is affected by more than one actual “collision”,
including beam-gas and halo from upstream.
Scintillators and Si have different integration times.
Result also depends strongly on vertex location and
is different for beam gas, beam-beam, halo, etc.
Collisions from different or same bunches.
Rate of each depends on how the beam is
distributed into bunches, bunch crossing time, etc.
Pileup within the Si detector integration time, or in
the same bunch crossing, estimated at 6000 and
800 events, respectively, out of 2M.
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Results - Ib
We found that these events are strongly
correlated with the beam rate ➩ Pileup?
Rate of events extrapolated to low luminosity is
approximately consistent with zero
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
What we did - II
Divided dN/d distribution into individual
bins and calculated average and variation.
Compared each event to the average and
looked for highly unusual events…
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Some details - IIa
Normalized each event total to remove
remaining fluctuations in total yield.
Binned events in Z&Y vertex location.
X vertex didn’t vary significantly.
Used number of hit pads in bins in 
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Some Details - IIb
Compared raw dN/d
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George S.F. Stephans
Some details - IIc
Important to use the measured variance in
each  bin, distributions are not Poisson
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Results - IIa
2 distribution shows a distinct tail
Cut
200 evts
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George S.F. Stephans
Results - IIb
However, these events are also strongly
correlated with the beam rate ➩ Pileup again?
Rate of events extrapolated to low luminosity is
again approximately consistent with zero
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans
Summary
Many
results are in progress for
correlations and fluctuations.
Extended longitudinal scaling indicates that
mid- and far-from-mid-rapidity cannot be
treated as totally distinct.
First event-by-event investigation of total
number of hits and overall shape of dN/d in
the most central Au+Au collisions @ 200 GeV
indicates that both are very stable (at the rate
of ~104 or possibly lower).
Quark Matter 2005 8-Aug
George S.F. Stephans