Transcript Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary

Electronic Product Take-back and
Recycling in Hungary
Zsolt ISTVÁN
Ernő Garamvölgyi
Richárd Ladányi
Péter Chrabák
Bay Zoltán Foundation for Applied Research
Institute of Logistics and Production Systems
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Bay Zoltán Foundation is established in 1993.
Zoltán BAY
1900-1992
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Projects in recycling of end-of-life electronics
Recycling of household equipment with emphasis of reuse options, INCO-Copernicus
RECAP, EU DG XII/C financed international project, 1997-1999.
ECOLIFE, Closing the Loop of Electr(on)ic Products and Domestic Appliances From
Product Planning to End-of-Life Technologies, Implementation Phase in the Industrial and
Materials Technologies (Brite-EuRam) programme for Thematic networks, corresponding
partner, 2000-2002.
ECOLIFE II, ECO-efficient LIFE cycle Technologies From Products to Service Systems,
Thematic Network for RTD Co-ordination and other Networking Activities within the
Specific Programme “Promoting Competitive and Sustainable Growth” KA 1 “Innovative
Products, Processes and Organisation”, associated partner, 2002-2006.
Collection and environment friendly dismantling of end-of-life
electronics in Szinva NET Ltd – Supported by OM-KfHÁ (Ministry of Education, R&D)
within Environmental Technical Development Found, 2000-2002.
Development of the first draft of the ministry decree on WEEE and the restriction of use of
hazardous substances in electronic products in Hungary and study on the economic and social
aspects, Made for Ministry of Environment with co-ordination Cowi Hungary Ltd., 2001
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Environmentally Sound Recycling of Electronic Products
National R&D Project
aim:to build up electronic product dismantling site considering reuse and recycling
partners:
• Szinva Net Kft. (Packard Bell-NEC official dealer)
• BAY-LOGI
financial supporter: Ministry of Education, R&D division
Time scale: September 2000. - October 2002.
Budget: 300.000 €
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Main topics of the project
• Investigation of legislation concepts
• Identification of product types and amounts
• Material content of EE products
• Logistics, management questions
• Dismantling and recycling issues
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Current financing
price
re
ma cyc
te led
pa rial
rts &
EOL
product
recycling
price
Recycler
materials
Central Fund
(Government)
Customer
product
price
environmental fee
Producer
Deposition
Fig. 2
The Environmental Fee System
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Legislation / Costs
EU Directives
WEEE / RoHS
Waste Management
Law
National Legislation
Planed decree on WEEE
• decree of the minister
responsible for environment
Estimated national
costs
• investments 8M €
• producers and importers are
responsible for products
• administration 200
k€/year
• products are grouped,
quotas are defined for take
back
• collection,
treatment 1.5
M€/year
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Electronic products in the households
1986
1993
4000000
s
PC
an
di
es
H
BW
TV
Vi
de
or
ec
or
de
r
C
am
co
rd
er
Te
le
ph
on
e
1999
C
ol
ou
rT
V
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Amount of discarded electronic products
40,00
35,00
30,00
25,00
20,00 *1000 t
15,00
10,00
5,00
2007
0,00
years 2005
2003
1
2
3
4
5
7
6
categories
8
9
10
CRT
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Discarded electronic products
North Hungarian Region
Used in region
10
0
km
region yearly
Colour TV
541 000
100 000
BW TV
127 000
38 000
Videorecorders
259 000
78 000
Camcorders
27 000
8 000
Telephones
464 000
139 000
96 000
29 000
300 000
100 000
Handies
16% of the nation
Discarded in the
PC
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Average material content of PCs
Iron
Plastics
Mixed metals
PCBs
PCBs
Other
21%
Other
1%
45
16
17
21
1
Iron
45%
Mixed metals
17%
Plastics
16%
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Average material content of TV sets
Capacitors
1%
Iron
7%
Plastics
13%
Wood
10%
CRT
51%
PCB
12%
Other
6%
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Average material content of PCBs
Ceramics
4%
Iron 3%
Other
12%
Plastics
50%
Solder
8%
Aluminium
1%
Copper
22%
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Average metal content (chemical elements) of PCBs
Lead
10%
Nickel
5%
Zink
3%
Aluminium
2%
Iron
14%
Tin
22%
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Copper
44%
Collection methods
WEEE is collected within the municipal waste collection system
WEEE
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Collection methods
Collection of selected WEEE by specialised enterprises
Wasteyard
Municipal
waste
WEEE
Refrigerators
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Collection methods
Individual collection and transportation to wasteyards
• inhabitants
• repair shops
• users
Wasteyard
Municipal
waste
WEEE
Refrigerators
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Technology
Production
waste
EOL products
Products with
failure
Supply
Registration
Temp.
storage
Second hand sale
Products and
parts for reselling
Quality testing
Product for
reselling
Product out of
order
Disassembly
Ÿ
Ÿ
Broken parts
removal of housing
removal of parts
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Disassembled
parts sorted by
Temp.
storage
Temp.
storage
Temp.
storage
parts for reselling
Product for
reselling
Product out of
order
Disassembly
Ÿ
Ÿ
Disassembled
parts sorted by
type
Temp.
storage
Broken parts
removal of housing
removal of parts
Temp.
storage
Temp.
storage
Quality control
Parts for reselling
Sorting of parts by
material content
Fractions sorted
by material type
Temp.
storage
Temp.
storage
Temp.
storage
Selling of materials
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Layout
IDE
Motherboard
PC cards
glass
waste plastics
metal
PCB
Monitor dismantling
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Testing workbench for PC parts
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Dismantling of CRTs
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Economic evaluation - Cost analysis of a plant
w aste transport
and landfill
1%
electricity
1%
gas
2%
rent
5%
transport of
recovered material
10%
Personell costs
61%
collection and
transportation
costs
20%
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Economic Evaluation - Revenues of dismantling
PCs (estimation)
ca. 1 € = 260 HUF
Bontási nyereség
100
50
0
Ft
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
-50
-100
-150
-200
Bontási lépések
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
17
Economic Evaluation - Revenues of dismantling
Monitors, TV sets (estimation)
ca. 1 € = 260 HUF
Inicirate or landfill of hazardous waste is ca.0,5 €/kg
Revenue of dismantling
0
-100
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
-200
Ft
-300
-400
-500
-600
-700
Dismantling steps
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary
Conclusions
• There is not any take back system for WEEE from households
• It is not possible to reach the 4 kg take back quota by end of 2006
• There is not enough capacity of dismantlers, recyclers
• Without legislation background the financing will be not solved
• The Hungarian WEEE decree will be come out in April 2004
• BAYLOGI made a reference for environmental sound solution
Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary