Transcript Document 7214630

(1)
Preview
Ⅰ. Objectives
Ⅱ. Suggested Teaching Plan
Ⅲ. Background Information
Ⅳ. Class Presentation
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Preview
This is the first unit of Book One. In the
Listening and Speaking section, you will learn
how to start a conversation with other people
and how to talk about yourself. In the Reading
and Writing section, Text A tells us about the
transition the author experienced from high
school to college; Text B tells us what the
writer wants from his college education; Text C
includes some advice from a former college
student.
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Ⅰ. Objectives
After studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to
1. grasp the basic skills necessary to understand and talk to other people when
meeting them for the first time;
2. understand the main ideas of Texts A, B and C, and master the useful
sentence structures and words and expressions found in the relevant
exercises of the first two texts;
3. know clearly how to use the present simple and past simple tenses of English;
4. fill in a form with their personal information;
5. understand the main idea of an English paragraph and identify the topic
sentence .
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Ⅱ. Suggested Teaching Plan
Suggested Time and Teaching Plan for Unit 1
Time
2 periods
Contents
Preview
Listening and
Speaking
Plan
The teacher explains the Preview so that the
students will have some idea of what this unit is
about. Then, the teacher lets the students
1) Introducing Yourself
A. listen to the first half of the short talk in
Exercise 1 twice and fill in the missing words;
B. listen to the second half of the short talk in
Exercise 1 twice and fill in the missing words;
C. listen to the whole short talk and do Exercise
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Time
Contents
Plan
2) Getting to Know People
A. go through the new words in the 1st
conversation in Exercise 3 and listen to the
conversation twice while filling in the missing
words;
B. answer the questions about the conversation
by way of group discussion or the traditional
teacher- student interaction;
C. go through the second conversation with the
same steps;
D. do Exercise 4 in pairs or groups.
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Time
Contents
Plan
3) Listening Practice
Before ending class, the teacher tells the
students how to do the exercises (Exercises
5-10) in Listening Practice as their
homework. The teacher also tells the
students that they should be prepared to
answer the questions in Exercise 9 and give
an oral presentation in class when the
teacher and the students next meet.
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Time
3 periods
Contents
Review of the
listening and
speaking skills the
students have
learned
Plan
The teacher asks some students to answer
the questions in Exercise 9 of the Listening
and Speaking section and invites at least two
students to give an oral presentation in class,
telling their classmates three reasons why
they want to be college students.
After finishing the Listening and Speaking
tasks, the teacher turns to the Reading and
Writing section of the unit. (These activities
should be done in half a period.)
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Time
Contents
Plan
Text A & text-related
exercises
1) Starter
After a brief explanation of the instructions,
the teacher
A. lets the students list the things that they
were excited and worried about when they
first got to college. This can be done in
complete English sentences or just
phrases. If the students have difficulty
doing this, the teacher should provide
them with the following key words in
English: beautiful campus, good library,
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Time
Contents
Plan
teachers and classmates, the computer room,
the environment, new way of life, etc. (for
things students may be excited about);and
being away from home, the food, competition
with other students, difficulties in study,
washing clothes, taking a bath or shower, new
teachers, etc. (for things students may be
worried about);
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Time
Contents
Plan
B. organizes pair work or group discussion
among the students, which should last for
about 5 minutes only, then
C. gives the students 10 minutes to read Text
A and find out the things that worried the
writer when he first got to college. (The
Starter should be done in about half a
period.)
2) Text A
The teacher
A. discusses the whole text with the students
(one period);
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Time
Contents
Plan
B. guides the students through the exercises,
focusing on certain items or leaving some
exercises as the students’ homework
according to the students’ levels (one
period or more).
1 period
Grammar Review
1) Grammar Review
The teacher talks about the Present Simple
and Past Simple tenses to brush up the
students’ knowledge of these basic tenses.
The grammar exercises can be done in class,
or, if time is too short, as the students’
homework.
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Time
Contents
Practical Writing
Plan
2) Practical Writing
The teacher asks the students to look at the
Chinese information in Exercise 11 of the
section of Practical Writing and see if they
can fill in the English Registration Form with
this information. After this, the teacher
explains the different terms and expressions
in the registration form. With the help of the
teacher, the students should also complete
the form in Exercise 12 with their own
information.
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Time
Contents
Plan
2 periods Text B, Text C & text- 1) Text B
related exercises
While discussing the text with the students,
the teacher calls the students’ attention to
the structure of the paragraphs of the text,
introducing briefly the concept of the topic
sentence. The vocabulary exercises can be
done either in or after class.
2) Text C
This text should be read by the students
themselves as their homework.
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Time
Contents
Basic Reading
Skills
Plan
3) Basic Reading Skills
The teacher makes full use of Texts A and B,
analyzing and explaining some of the
paragraphs in the two texts and, at the same
time, inviting the students to analyze others.
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Teaching Plan Notes
*
This unit should be taught in 8 periods.
*
The Teacher’s Book contains every page of the Students Book. It
also contains the listening scripts, the various notes and examples as
well as the answers.
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Ⅲ. Background Information
High Schools in the U.S.
Colleges and Universities
Going to College
Cost of Attending College in the United States
Supplementary Names of Colleges and Departments
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High Schools in the U.S.
High schools in the United States offer college preparatory programs and
vocational programs. College preparatory programs give students the necessary
background for admission to a college or university. Vocational programs
prepare students for jobs immediately following high school.
All high schools offer required courses — that is, classes in such subjects as
English, science, and social studies. High school students also may choose from
a wide variety of elective courses, such as music, foreign languages, or industrial
arts. Extracurricular high school activities, which occur outside of classroom time,
include sports, clubs, and plays.
Most United States high schools are free public schools supported chiefly by
state and local taxes. Each local school district has a governing body, usually a
school board, that makes school policies and monitors the quality of education
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that students receive. A superintendent administers the district policies. Each
high school is headed by an experienced educator, usually called the principal.
About 90 percent of students in the United States attend public high schools.
The United States also has several types of secondary schools outside the
public-school system. Most of these private schools charge tuition. They
include parochial schools, which are operated by the Roman Catholic Church or
other religious groups, and private college preparatory schools, also called prep
schools. Prep schools prepare students for admission to colleges and
universities. Each state has laws and rules that its high schools must follow.
( From the 1998 World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia)
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Colleges and Universities
Universities and colleges are schools that continue a person’s education beyond
high school. A university or college education helps men and women enjoy richer,
more meaningful lives. It prepares many people for professional careers as doctors,
engineers, lawyers, or teachers. It also gives a person a better appreciation of such
fields as art, literature, history, human relations, and science. In doing so, a
university or college education enables individuals to participate with greater
understanding in community affairs.
Universities differ from colleges in that they are larger, have wider curricula, are
involved in research activities, and grant graduate and professional as well as
undergraduate degrees. ( From the 1998 World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia,
encyclopedia.com)
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Going to College
Students who decide to attend college must choose the school that most nearly
fits their needs, finances, and personal likes. They can discover many of the facts
by talking to friends and teachers. They can learn about particular schools by
writing to them for information.
There are a number of basic questions a student should ask about any school
being considered.
1. Does the school offer the courses in which I am interested?
2. How well is the school equipped in general buildings, libraries, laboratories,
and other property?
3. What teaching methods does the school use? What is the average size of
each class?
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4. What is the standing of the school? Is it accredited? What is the
standing of the particular college or department of the school in which I
intend to do most of my work?
5. What are the school’s tuition, fees, and living expenses? Are
opportunities available for earning all, or part of, my expenses while I
attend school?
6. Does the school offer the extracurricular (nonacademic) activities in
which I am interested?
7. How is the school located with regard to transportation, living quarters,
and general conveniences?
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Colleges and universities state their entrance requirements in their catalogs.
They nearly always require a transcript (copy) of an applicant’s high school credits,
as well as letters of recommendation. Entrance examinations are generally given
several months before the school term begins. Freshmen usually take the
intelligence and aptitude tests during an orientation period, frequently called
freshman week at colleges and universities in the United States.
Many college students earn all or part of their expenses. Many students have
part time jobs while they attend school, such as working in stores and restaurants.
Most schools offer students jobs, such as waiting on tables in dormitories or
working in the library.
Students may receive all or part of their college expenses through various aid
programs. These programs include scholarships and fellowships; federal, state,
and private loan programs; and benefits for veterans and certain other groups such
as war orphans. (Adapted from the 1998 World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia)
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Cost of Attending College in the United States
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NOTE: Data are for the entire academic year and are average charges paid
by students. Student charges were weighted by the number of full time
equivalent undergraduates, but were not adjusted to reflect student residency.
The data have not been adjusted for changes in the purchasing power of the
dollar. Data for 2001-02 are preliminary figures based on fall 2000 enrollment.
Some data have been revised from previously published figures. (U.S.
Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated
Postsecondary Education Data System)
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Supplementary names of colleges and departments
Beijing Union University
北京联合大学
Shanghai College of Electricity
and Machinery Technology
上海电机技术高等专科学校
Tianjin Vocational College
天津职业大学
Shanxi Finance & Taxation College
山西财政税务专科学校
Liaoning Radio & TV University
辽宁广播电视大学
Jinling Institute of Technology
金陵科技学院
Bengbu Medical College
蚌埠医学院
Nanchang Water Resources College
南昌水利水电高等专科学校
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Chengdu Academy of Fine Arts
成都美术学院
Guangzhou College of Finance
广州金融高等专科学校
Guangdong Institute of Education
广东教育学院
Guilin Institute of Tourism
桂林旅游高等专科学校
North China University of
Science and Technology
华北工学院
Shanghai Jiaotong University
上海交通大学
Northwest Sci-Tech University of
Agriculture and Forestry
西北农林科技大学
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Automation
自动化
Electronic Science and Technology
电子科学与技术
Communication Technology
通信技术
Civil Engineering
土木工程
Railway Engineering
铁道工程
Art Design
艺术设计
International Economics and Trade
国际经济与贸易
Accounting and Finance
会计财务
Financial Management
财务管理
Business Administration
工商管理
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Marketing
市场营销
Engineering Management
工程管理
Electronic Commerce
电子商务
Logistics Management
物流管理
Tourism Management
旅游管理
Computer Application and
Maintenance
计算机应用与维护
Electrical Technology
电气技术
Nursing
护理
Pharmaceutics
药剂学，制药学
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Ⅳ. Class Presentation
Listening & Speaking
Reading & Writing
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Listening & Speaking
Introducing Yourself
Getting to Know People
Listening Practice
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Introducing Yourself
1. You’re going to meet two new college students. Listen to them talk about
themselves and fill in the blanks with the missing information.
Hello! ________
My name is Zhang Hong and I’m eighteen years old. I _________
come from a small
_____________
my parents
town in Hebei. It’s a nice place with a big lake and many small hills. Both
parents
are doctors. I’m the ________
only child in the family.
I’m very happy to study
_________
studywith
with you here at this college. I hope we’ll be
good friends
___________.
I’m Li Qiang and I’m nineteen. I come from Tianjin. I like _______________
music and dancing
Hi!___
dancing
very much. I listen to music every day and often go to aa
dancing party
party on weekends.
dancing
____________
I enjoy studying
studying English
English very much. I’m very happy to have the opportunity to study
_____________
study
___________
English with you. I’m sure we’ll get along and become good friends.
English
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2. Now introduce yourself to your class telling them your name, your
age, where you come from, when you began to learn English and
what you like to do on weekends.
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Getting to Know People
3.
1) Before you listen to the first conversation, read the following words and
expressions which may be new to you.
by the way
顺便问一下，顺便谈一下
department
系
major
主修科目，专业
management
管理
terrific
极好的，了不起的
come on
快；走吧
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Listen to the conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing
Words.
Li Ming:
Wang Ying:
Li Ming:
Wang Ying:
Li Ming:
Wang Ying:
Li Ming:
________
we ?
We’re having great weather, aren’t
We sure are. By the way, I’m Wang Ying.
My name is Li Ming.
Hello. _________
you in, Li Ming?
Which department are
________
I’m in the Department of Computer Science. I’m from Beijing.
Really? _________
I’m glad to meet you! I’m also from Beijing. My major is
Hotel Management.
That’s terrific. My classmate Jun Jun is over there. She’s from
I’d like you to meet her.
Shanghai. Come on, ___________
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Now listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions.
1. Which department is Li Ming in?
He is in the Department of Computer Science.
2. Where is Li Ming from?
He is from Beijing.
3. Which department is Wang Ying in?
She is in the Department of Hotel Management.
4. Where is Wang Ying from?
She is also from Beijing.
5. What does Li Ming want Wang Ying to do?
He wants her to meet his classmate Jun Jun.
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2) Before you listen to the second conversation, read the following words
which may be new to you.
apartment
房间
baggage
行李
upstairs
往楼上
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Listen to the conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words.
Jun Jun, I’d like you to meet my new friend Wang Ying.
It’s a pleasure to meet you, Wang Ying. My name is Zhang Xiaojun,
_____________
but everybody calls me Jun Jun.
Wang Ying: How do you do, Jun Jun?
Jun Jun:
How do you do?
Li Ming:
Wang Ying is in the Department of Hotel Management. She is from
Beijing and has just arrived.
Jun Jun:
So you two come from the same city, don’t you?
_______________________________________
Li Ming & Wang Ying: Yes.
Jun Jun:
Have you found your apartment, Wang Ying?
Wang Ying: Yes, I’ve been told it’s on the 3rd floor of this building.
me help you carry the baggage upstairs.
Jun Jun:
That’s good. Let
___________________________________
Wang Ying: _______________
Oh, no, thank you.I can do it myself.
Jun Jun:
If there’s anything we can do for you, we’ll be happy to help.
Wang Ying: Thank
you very much. I’ll ask for help when I need it.
__________________________________________
Li Ming:
Jun Jun:
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Now listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions.
1. What is Jun Jun’s real name?
Her real name is Zhang Xiaojun.
2. Of the three people talking to each other, which two come from
the same city?
Wang Ying and Li Ming come from the same city.
3. Where is Wang Ying’s apartment?
Her apartment is on the 3rd floor of that building.
4. What does Jun Jun want to help Wang Ying do?
She wants to help Wang Ying carry her baggage upstairs.
5. What will Wang Ying do if she is in need of help?
If she is in need of help, she will ask Jun Jun for it.
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4. Form a dialogue with one of your classmates, telling each other your
names, where you come from, your majors and your departments. You
can use the sentences given below.
Which department are you in?
What’s your major?
Where do you come from?
My major is …
I’m glad to meet you!
It’s a pleasure to meet you.
How do you do?
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Listening Practice
5. Listen to people speaking and decide what they are talking about.
1.
script
W: By the way, what’s the weather like in your hometown?
M: It’s not as hot as here and it often rains.
A) Study.
B) College.
C) Weather
Weather.
D) Hometown.
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2.
M: You mean, you are afraid of mathematics?
W: A little bit. It’s too difficult for me and sometimes I think I
should give it up.
A) Weather.
script
B) Study.
C) Hobby (业余爱好) .
D) Exercise.
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3.
script
W: What do you like to do for exercise?
M: Swimming. How about you?
Exercise
A) Exercise.
B) Weather.
C) Study.
D) Courses.
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4.
script
M: How long have you known Jun Jun?
W: I’ve known her for more than three years. We are from the
same high school and we are now in the same department.
A) School.
B) Classmate.
Classmate
C) Department.
D) Study.
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5.
W: What did you think of the final exam?
M: I’d thought it would be easy, but at the end of the first hour, I
was still on the first page.
A) Hobby.
script
B) Courses.
C) College.
D) Exam.
Exam
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6. Listen to the following questions and choose the appropriate answers.
1.
script
Hi, Bill, what do you think of the math lesson?
A) Sorry, I don’t know.
B) It starts at eight.
C) Yes, I like it.
D) It’s very interesting.
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2.
script
Excuse me. Where’s the Chinese Department?
A) It’s over there.
B) Yes, thank you.
C) It’s very nice.
D) No, sorry.
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3.
script
I’m a student in the Computer Department. I major in Computer
Science. Are you a freshman, too?
A) I’m in the Physics Department.
B) Yes, I am.
C) No. I’m not majoring in Computer Science.
D) Yes. We’re in the same department.
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4.
script
Excuse me. Where could I find any English dictionaries?
A) In the park.
B) In my pocket.
C) On the third floor of the shop.
D) It’s 9:30.
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5.
script
How did you get on in your exam?
A) Yes, I did.
B) Yes, of course.
C) No, I didn’t.
D) Oh, I failed.
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7. Listen to the following short dialogues and choose the appropriate answers.
1.
script
W: How much are the tickets?
M: They are $13 each and $25 for two.
Q: How much will the woman pay for one ticket?
A) $25.
B) $13.
C) $30.
D) $26.
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2.
script
W: May I have my bill, please?
M: Yes, here you are. $17.4.
Q: How much does the woman have to pay?
A) $70.4.
B) $14.7.
C)
C) $17.4.
$17.4.
D) $14.
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3.
script
W: I thought that these flowers cost 4 dollars.
M: They used to, but the price’s gone up 50 cents.
Q: How much do these flowers cost now?
A) $14.50.
B) $40.50.
C) $4.
D) $4.50.
$4.50.
D)
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4.
script
M: You speak English very well. How long have you been
learning the language?
W: I’ve been learning English for about six and a half years.
Q: How long has the woman been learning English?
A) Five years.
B) Six and a half years.
C) Six years.
D) Half a year.
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5.
script
M: The book costs $14, but I only have $10. Could you lend
me some money?
W: It’s my pleasure.
Q: How much money does the man need to borrow from the
woman?
A) $4.
B) $10.
C) $40.
D) $30.
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8. Listen to the following short talk and fill in the blanks with the missing words.
The talk is spoken twice.
find out
People go to college for many reasons. Some go to college to _______
out who
they are and what they want to become. Others go to college to follow their
______
dreams.
dreams
experiences
For me, going to college gives me the opportunity to have new experiences.
At
__________
college I have to organize my time and the way I spend my time. I also have to
__________
library
take care of myself. What I like best here is that I can make full use of the______
library,
which has so many books, newspapers and magazines.
Becoming a college student has also given me the opportunity to meet many
friends. Here I have new classmates from _______
different places. I have not only made
different
friends with them, but have also learnt a lot from them.
The most important reason for me to be a college student is to follow my
dream. All my life I have dreamed of becoming
________ a good teacher. I like children and I
want to ___________
make a living by teaching.
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9. Listen to the talk again and then answer the following questions orally.
1. Why do people go to college?
Some go to college to find out who they are and what they want to
become. Others go to college to follow their dreams.
2. Why does the speaker go to college?
He goes to college to have new experiences.
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3. What does the speaker like best about college?
He can make full use of the library that has so many books,
newspapers and magazines.
4. What is the speaker’s most important reason for going to college?
The most important reason is to follow his dream.
5. What is the speaker’s dream?
His dream is to become a good teacher.
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10. Tell your classmates three reasons why you want to be a college
student, using the following words and expressions.
first of all
secondly
finally
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Reading & Writing
Text A
College – A Transition Point in My Life
Text A Exercises
Grammar Review
Practical Writing
Text B
What I Hope to Gain from a College Education
Text B Exercises
Text C
Devlin’s Advice
Comprehension of the Text
Basic Reading Skills
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Text A
Starter
For many people, college life is a new experience. They feel excited and
at the same time a bit worried. How did you feel when you first got to
college? Name three things that you felt excited about and three things
you felt a bit worried about.
Things I felt excited about when I first got to college:
1.
2.
3.
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Text A
Things I felt a bit worried about when I first got to college:
1.
2.
3.
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Text A
Discuss your response with a classmate. You and your classmate may
have different responses.
Now read the following passage and try to find out what worried the
writer when he first got to college.
1.
2.
3.
4.
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Text A
CH
College — A Transition Point in My Life
Author Unknown
1 When I first entered college as a freshman, I was afraid that I was
not able to do well in my studies. N I was afraid of being off by myself,
away from my family for the first time. N Here I was surrounded by
people I did not know and who did not know me. I would have to make
friends with them and perhaps also compete with them for grades in
courses I would take. Were they smarter than I was? Could I keep up
with them? Would they accept me?
?
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Text A
CH
2 I soon learned that my life was now up to me. I had to set a
study program if I wanted to succeed in my courses. I had to regulate
the time I spent studying and the time I spent socializing. N I had to
decide when to go to bed, when and what to eat, when and what to
drink, and with whom to be friendly.
N
These questions I had to
answer for myself.
?
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Text A
CH
3
At first, life was a bit
difficult. I made mistakes in how
I used my time. I spent too much
time making friends. I also made
some mistakes in how I chose
my first friends in college.
?
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Text A
CH
4 Shortly, however, I had my life under control. I managed to go
to class on time, do my first assignments and hand them in, and
pass my first exams with fairly good grades. In addition, I made a
few friends with whom I felt comfortable and with whom I could
share my fears.
N
I set up a routine that was really my own — a
routine that met my needs.
?
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Text A
CH
5 As a result, I began to look upon myself from a different
perspective.
N
I began to see myself as a person responsible for
myself and responsible for my friends and family. N It felt good to
make my own decisions and see those decisions turn out to be wise
ones. I guess that this is
N
all part of what people call “growing up.”
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Text A
CH
6 What did life have in store for me? N At that stage in my life, I
really was not certain where I would ultimately go in life and what I
would do with the years ahead of me. N But I knew that I would be
able to handle what was ahead because I had successfully jumped
this important hurdle in my life: I had made the transition from a person
dependent on my family for emotional support to a person who was
responsible for myself.
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transition / trn'zn/: n.
(instance of) changing from one state or condition to another
过渡；转变
Title of Text A
Author Unknown: The name of this writer is not known.
Author (作者) Unknown means 佚名作者.
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1) What was the writer afraid of when he first became a college student?
He was afraid that he was not able to do well in his studies. He
was also afraid of being off by himself.
2) What questions did he have about his classmates and himself?
Were they smarter than he was? Could he keep up with them?
And would they accept him?
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Chinese Version
大学——我一生中的转折点
佚名
作为一名一年级新生初进大学时，我害怕自己在学业上搞不好。我害怕
独自一人在外，因为我是第一次远离家人。这里周围都是我不认识的人，
而他们也不认识我。我得和他们交朋友，或许还得在我要学的课程上跟他
们在分数上进行竞争。他们比我更聪明吗？我跟得上他们吗？他们会接受
我吗？
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enter /5entE/: vt. go or come into (a place)
进入
e.g.
enter a room/ a house
进入房间/房子
As soon as he entered the room, he saw his father and mother.
他一进屋就看到了父母。
The train has entered the railway station.
火车已进站。
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freshman /5eEn /: n.
a student in the first year of high school or university
（中学或大学）一年级学生
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do well: be successful, especially in work or business 干得好
e.g.
Jack is doing very well at work.
杰克工作很出色。
Tom did well at school when he was young.
汤姆年轻时在学校里学习很好。
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being off: 离开
As this expression is used after the preposition “of”, the verb “be”
takes the -ing form. The expression “be off ” means “leave or be
away”.
e.g.
I must be off now (=I must leave).
我现在得走了。
Her son was off on a business trip somewhere (=Her son was away on
a business trip somewhere).
她儿子去某个地方出差了。
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by oneself: alone 单独，独自
e.g.
Come in; we're all by ourselves.
请进来吧；我们没有客人。
You can't go home by yourself in the dark.
天黑黑的，你不能一个人回家。
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I was afraid of being off by myself, away from my family for the first time.
我害怕独自一人在外，因为我是第一次远离家人。
off意为away（离开）。
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Here I was surrounded by people I did not know and who did not know me:
people后有两个定语从句：(whom) I did not know 和 who did not know me。
在第一个定语从句中，省略了whom。
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surround /sE5nd/: vt. be or move into position all around (sb.
or sth.)
包围；围住；环绕
e.g.
The trees surround the house.
树木围绕着房子。（或：房子四周都是树）
As a child I was surrounded by love and kindness.
作为一个孩子，我周围充满了爱和仁慈。
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make friends with: become friendly with sb.
与某人交朋友
e.g.
He made friends with an old worker.
他跟一个老工人交了朋友。
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compete /kE5pi:t/: vi. try to win sth. by defeating others who
are trying
to do the same 竞争；对抗
e.g.
It's difficult for a small country to compete against/with big countries.
一个小国难以和那些大国竞争。
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course /kC:s/: n. a series of lessons or studies in a particular
subject
课程；科目
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I would take:
此句是省略了关系代词“that”或“which”的定语从句。
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smart /sB:t/: a. clever 聪明的
e.g.
Tom is smart and always gets the highest grades.
汤姆很聪明，总是得最高分。
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keep up with: move or progress at the same rate as
跟上
e.g.
I had to walk fast to keep up with him.
我必须走得快才能跟上他。
Jack's having trouble keeping up with the other
students in his class.
杰克难以跟上班里的其他学生。
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3) What did the writer have to do in order to do well in his studies?
He had to set a study program.
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Chinese Version
我很快就认识到，我的生活现在就取决于我自己了。如果我要在学
业上取得成功，我就必须制定一份学习计划。我必须调整花在学习上的
时间和花在社交上的时间。我必须决定什么时候上床睡觉，什么时候吃
什么，什么时候喝什么，对什么人表示友好。这些问题我都得自己回答。
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be up to: be left to (sb.) to decide
取决于(某人)的，须由(某人)决定的
e.g.
You may do your homework today or tomorrow — it's up to you.
你可以今天也可以明天做作业——由你自己决定。
It's up to our group leader to make the final decision.
最后的决定由我们的组长来做。
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set: cause to exist
树立，制定
e.g.
Parents should set a good example for their children.
家长应给孩子树立一个好榜样。
The school set high standards for its students.
这所学校给学生们规定了高标准。
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succeed /sEk5si:d/: vi. do what one is trying to do; achieve the
desired end
成功；达到目的
e.g.
If you can learn, you can succeed in school.
如果你能学习，你就能在学校里取得成功。
If you try hard, you will succeed.
如果你非常努力，你就会成功。
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regulate /5egjlet/: vt. control (time, speed, etc.) so that it
functions
as desired
调整；调节（时间、速度等）
e.g.
regulate one's life
调整生活
regulate the temperature of a room
调节室温
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time I spent: = time that I spent.
The relative pronoun "that" as the object of the attributive clause
is omitted in this sentence (本定语从句中作为宾语的关系代词“that”
被省略了).
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socialize /5sEl/: vi. meet people socially
与
人交往；交际
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I had to decide when to go to bed, when… :
本课文使用了较多起连接作用的副词和代词。这种副词和代词可以用于动词、介词
或一些固定的短语之后。
e.g.
They' re discussing what to do next.
他们正在讨论接下来怎么办。
I don' t know where to go.
我不知道去什么地方。
Tom is not sure when he can come back.
汤姆不能肯定什么时候能回来。
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with whom to be friendly: with whom to be friends
对谁友好
e.g.
Betty' s very friendly with John and Tom.
贝蒂对约翰和汤姆非常友好。
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These questions I had to answer for myself:
The object “these questions” appears at the beginning of the sentence so
that it is more closely linked with the sentence that goes before it. In this
sentence, “for myself” means unaided “without help” 独自地;依靠自己
e.g.
Nobody should help John with his homework this time. He must do it for
himself.
这一次谁都不应帮着汤姆做作业。他必须独自完成。
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for oneself: unaided; without help
独自地；依靠自己
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4) What mistakes did the writer make at first?
He made mistakes in how to use his time.
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Chinese Version
开始时，生活有点艰难。我在怎样利用时间上犯了错误。我在
交朋友上花的时间太多了。我还在怎样选择大学里的第一批朋友上
犯了一些错误。
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at first: at or in the beginning 起先，开始时
e.g.
At first, George did not know how to do his work and felt worried.
开始时，乔治不知道怎样干自己的工作，心里很发愁。
If at first you don' t succeed, try, try again.
如果开初失利，那就再试一次。
At first I thought he was shy, but then I discovered that he was just
not interested in other people.
起先我以为他是怕羞，但后来才发觉他是对别人不感兴趣。
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a bit: a little or to a small degree
有点；稍微
e.g.
I ' m a bit tired tonight.
今晚我有点累。
She looks a bit like my sister.
她看上去有点像我妹妹。
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doing sth
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spend time (in) doing sth.: use time doing a particular thing
花时间做某事
e.g.
Mary spends all her free time writing one book after another.
玛丽把她所有的空余时间都用来一本接一本地写书。
I spent an hour reading.
我花了一个小时阅读。
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5) What happened to him shortly after?
He had his life under control and was able to do well in his studies.
6) What other things did the writer do in addition to his studies?
He made a few friends and set up a routine that met his needs.
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Chinese Version
然而不久，我就控制住了自己的生活。我做到了按时上课，完成并交上
了第一批作业，而且以相当好的成绩通过了前几次考试。此外，我还交了一
些朋友，跟他们在一起我感到很自在，我能把我担心的事告诉他们。我建立
了一种真正属于我自己的常规——一种满足了我的需要的常规。
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shortly /5C:tl/: ad. in a short time; not long;
soon
不久；很快
e.g.
Ms Jones will be back shortly.
琼斯女士很快就会回来。
They began their work shortly after New Year' s Day.
元旦过后不久，他们就开始工作了。
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however /h5evE/: ad. nevertheless;
yet
e.g.
然而；可是
It' s raining hard. However, they went out.
当时雨下得很大，然而他们还是出去了。
The book is expensive; however, it' s worth buying.
这本书很贵，然而却值得买。
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under control
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have sth. under control: have sth. managed, dealt with,
or kept in order successfully
使某事恢复正常； 使某事处于控制之下
e.g.
I' m glad to see that you have had everything under control.
很高兴看到你已使一切恢复正常。
The soldiers had had the fire under control by 9:00 p.m.
到晚上9点，战士们已控制住了火势。
control /kEn5tEl/:
n. the ability or power to make sb. or sth. do what you want
控制；支配
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manage /5nd/: vt. succeed in doing (sth.)
设法做到
e.g.
Anyway, we managed to get there on time.
不管怎么说，我们还是准时赶到了那儿。
When they first arrived in Shanghai, they managed to find a
place to stay.
他们初到上海时，设法找到了一个住的地方。
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assignment /'snEnt/: n. task or duty assigned to sb.; a piece of
work that a student is asked to do
（分派的)任务；（指定的）作业
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on time: at the correct time or the arranged time
准时
e.g.
Jack was worried about whether he’d be able to get there on time.
杰克担心自己能否准时到达那儿。
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hand in: give sth. to sb. in authority
交上
e.g.
Did you hand in your homework on time?
你准时把作业交上去了吗？
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addition /'dn/:adding;
n.
person or thing added 加；增加的人（或物）
in addition: as sth. extra; besides 另外；加之
e.g.
Tom studies very hard in our school. In addition, he always helps his
classmates.
汤姆在我们学校里学习非常努力。此外，他还一直帮助他的同班同学。
My English teacher knows three languages. In addition to English
and Chinese, he also knows French.
我的英语老师懂三门语言。除了英语和汉语外，他还懂法语。
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comfortable /'kEtEl/: a. feeling physically relaxed and
satisfied; feeling free from anxiety
e.g.
舒适的；安逸的；无忧无虑的
I was so comfortable and warm in bed that I didn' t want to get up.
我在床上又舒服又暖和，根本不想起来。
She does not feel very comfortable with strangers.
她在生人面前感到不自在。
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share /e/: vt. have or use (sth.) with others; tell (sb.) about (sth.)
与别人分享（或合用）（某物）；把（某事）告诉（某人）
e.g.
I share an office with some other teachers.
我与别的几位教师合用一个办公室。
They shared the cake between them.
他们分享了那只蛋糕。
I want to share my news with you.
我想把我得到的消息告诉你。
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fear //: n. unpleasant feeling when danger is close; feeling of
being afraid
恐惧；害怕
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routine /u:5ti:n/: n. fixed and regular way of doing
things
惯常的程序；常规
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I set up a routine that was really my own — a routine that met my needs.
我建立了一种真正属于我自己的常规——一种满足了我的需要的常规。
破折号后的“a routine that met my needs”系同位语，强调和补充说明上文的
“a routine”。
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set up: establish 建立
e.g.
He set up a small travel business.
他开办了一家小旅行社。
A fund will be set up for the dead men' s families.
将为死者的家属设立一项基金。
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meet: satisfy 满足
e.g.
Does this meet your hopes?
这满足你的希望了吗？
We are doing our best to meet your needs.
我们正在尽最大的努力满足你们的需要。
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7) How did the writer begin to see himself as a result?
He began to see himself as a person responsible for himself and for
others.
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Chinese Version
结果，我开始从一个不同的视角看待我自己了。我开始把自己看作是一
个对自己负责也对朋友和家人负责的人。凡事自己做决定并看到这些决定最
终证明是明智的决定，这种感觉很好。我猜想这就是人们所说的“成长”的
一部分吧。
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as a result: coming or happening as a natural
consequence 结果
e.g.
He made one big mistake and, as a result, lost his job.
他犯了一个大错，结果丢了工作。
He was late as a result of the snow.
因为下雪，他来晚了。
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look on/upon: regard (sb. or sth.) in the specified way
（以特定目光或情绪）看；看待
e.g.
We looked on her as our own daughter.
我们把她看作自己的女儿。
I look on him with dislike.
我以厌恶的眼光看待他。
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see… as: regard… as 把…看作
e.g.
He saw himself as a great man.
他把自己看作是一个伟人。
Similar expressions: I want you to think of this as
your home.
我希望你把这里看作是自己的家。
I look on him as a good friend.
我把他看作是一个好朋友。
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perspective /pE'spektv/: n. a way of looking at things and
forming a judgement （观察问题的）视角；观点
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responsible /s5pnsEl/: a. (for) legally or morally obliged to take
care
of sb. or sth. or to carry out a duty, and
liable to be blamed if one fails
e.g.
（法律上或道义上）需负责任的,承担责任的
He is responsible for the management of the company.
他负责经营这家公司。
They are not my children, but I still feel responsible for them.
他们不是我的孩子，但我仍然觉得要对他们负责。
句中“responsible for myself”作定语，修饰“a person”。短语作定语时，一般置于
其所修饰的名词之后。相同的例子还有第六段中“a person dependent on my
family”。
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I began to see myself as a person responsible for myself and
responsible for my friends and family.
我开始把自己看作是一个对自己负责也对朋友和家人负责的人。
… a person responsible for myself…：短语作定语时，一般置于其所修饰
的名词之后。相同的例子还有第六段中a person dependent on my family…。
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It felt good to make my own decisions and see those decisions turn out to
be wise ones:
本句中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的“to make…and see…”不定式短语。
Other examples: It' s faster to fly than to go by train. 乘飞机比坐火车要快。
(主语为“to fly”)
I don' t have enough money to visit the zoo. It costs $12 just to get in the
door. 我没有足够的钱去参观动物园。光进门就要花12美元。 (主语为“just to
get in the door”)
It' s no use worrying. 担心是没用的。(主语为“worrying”)
It' s a pity you couldn' t come. 你不能来，真遗憾。 (主语为“you couldn' t
come”)
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decision /d5sn/: n. sth. that is decided 决定
e.g.
I need to think about it. It' s a big decision.
我需要考虑一下。这是一项重大决定。
Can you tell me who made the decision?
你能告诉我是谁做的决定吗？
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turn out: prove to be
证明是
e.g.
Our party last night turned out a success.
我们昨晚的聚会结果很成功。
I was a bit worried about John' s idea at first, but it turned out to be a
really good one.
起初我对约翰的想法有点担心，但结果证明他的想法真的很好。
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wise /w/: a. having or showing good judgment
英明的；明智的
e.g.
I think you have made a very wise decision.
我认为你作出了一项非常明智的决定。
Do you think it' s wise for him to travel by himself?
你认为他独自旅行明智吗？
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all part of what people call“growing up”: what = the thing(s) which
e.g.
This is what I want.
这就是我要的东西。
I believe what he told me.
我相信他告诉我的话。
I' m not sure about what I need.
我也不能肯定我需要什么。
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grow up: reach the stage of full development; become adult or mature
长大；成长；成熟
e.g.
What do you want to be when you grow up?
你长大了想做什么？
I grew up in Kunming.
我是在昆明长大的。
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8) What did he think of his future at that time?
He was uncertain about the years ahead of him but he knew he would be
able to handle his life in the future.
9) Why was the writer so sure about himself and his future?
Because he had jumped an important hurdle in his life.
10) What does the expression “this important hurdle in my life” mean?
The transition from a person dependent on his family for emotional
support to a person who was responsible for himself.
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Chinese Version
我未来的生活将会怎样呢？在人生的这一阶段，我真的不能确定我
的人生之路最终将会走向何方，我真的不知道在以后的几年中我会做什
么。但我知道，我能应对未来，因为我已经成功地跃过了我生命中的这
一重要障碍：我已经完成了从一个依赖家人给予感情支持的人向一个对
自己负责的人的过渡。
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in store: about to happen; waiting 即将发生；等待着
e.g.
You never know what' s in store for you.
你永远也不会知道等待着你的是什么。
John has a surprise in store for him when he gets home tonight!
约翰今晚回到家时有一个意外的惊喜在等着他。
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At that stage in my life, I really was not certain where I would
ultimately go in life and what I would do with the years ahead of me:
句中“was not certain”后跟了分别由where和what引导的从句。
More examples:
I’m certain that I left the keys on the table.
我确信我把钥匙丢在桌子上了。
I felt certain that I' d passed the test.
我确信我已经通过了考试。
I’m not certain when the bus will come.
我不能肯定公共汽车什么时候会来。
I’m not certain who was there.
我不能肯定当时谁在那儿。
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But I knew that I would be able to handle what was ahead because I
had successfully jumped this important hurdle in my life: I had made
the transition from a person dependent on my family for emotional
support to a person who was responsible for myself.
但我知道，我能应对未来，因为我已经成功地跃过了我生命中的这一重要难关：
我已经完成了从一个依赖家人给予感情支持的人向一个对自己负责的人的过渡。
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Language Points
stage /sted/: n. a part of an activity or a period of
development
阶段，时期
e.g.
the different stages of a child' s development
儿童成长的不同阶段
The plan is still in its early stage/ at an early stage.
这项计划仍处于酝酿阶段。
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Language Points
ultimately /5lttl/: ad. in the end; finally
最后，最终
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Language Points
ahead /E5hed/: ad. & ［一般作表语］a. further forward in space or
time
在前面，在前头
e.g.
The road ahead is very busy. 前面那条马路交通很繁忙。
Our team was ahead by six points. 我们队领先6分。
ahead of: in front of 在…前面
e.g.
You have a long trip ahead of you.
你前面还有很长的路程。
Let Tom walk ahead of you — he knows this place well.
让汤姆走在你前面——这地方他很熟。
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Language Points
handle /5hndl/: vt. deal with; manage; control
处理，应付；管理；操纵，控制
e.g.
John handled the problem well.
这个问题约翰处理得很好。
If you can' t handle the job,I' ll get someone else to do it.
这工作你如果应付不了，我就另找人来做。
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Language Points
successfully /sEk5sesl/: ad. 成功地
e.g.
He graduated from college successfully when he was only 20.
他才20岁就顺利地大学毕业了。
George' s factory has been run successfully for two years now.
乔治的工厂现已成功地经营了两年。
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hurdle /5h:dl/: n. [fig.] difficulty to be overcome; obstacle
难关；障碍
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Language Points
dependent /d5pendEnt/: a. (on, upon) needing support
from sb.
or sth. 依靠的；依赖的
e.g.
Jane’s mother was dependent on her for everyday care.
简的母亲每天都要依赖她照料。
You can' t be dependent on your parents all your life.
你不可能一辈子都依赖父母。
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Language Points
emotional /5mEnl/: a. of the emotions
情感
的
e.g.
I still need my parents’ love, and the emotional support they' re
giving me.
我仍然需要父母的爱和他们给予我的感情上的支持。
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Text A Exercises
Reading Aloud
Understanding the Text
Reading Analysis
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
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1 Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by heart.
When I first entered college as a freshman, I was afraid that I was
not able to do well in my studies. I was afraid of being off by myself,
away from my family for the first time. Here I was surrounded by people I
did not know and who did not know me. I would have to make friends
with them and perhaps also compete with them for grades in courses I
would take. Were they smarter than I was? Could I keep up with them?
Would they accept me?
I soon learned that my life was now up to me. I had to set a study
program if I wanted to succeed in my courses. I had to regulate the time I
spent studying and the time I spent socializing. I had to decide when to
go to bed, when and what to eat, when and what to drink, and with whom
to be friendly. These questions I had to answer for myself.
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2 Answer the following questions.
1. What was the writer afraid of when he first became a college student?
2. What are the three questions he had about his classmates and himself?
3. What did the writer have to do in order to do well in his studies?
4. What mistakes did the writer make at first?
5. What happened to him shortly after?
6. What other things did the writer do in addition to his studies?
7. How did the writer begin to see himself as a result?
8. What did he think of his future at that time?
9. Why was the writer so sure about himself and his own future?
10. What does the expression “this important hurdle in my life” mean?
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3 Topics for Discussion.
1. What do you think of the writer’s “transition” from a person
dependent on his family to a person responsible for himself? Do you
want to do the same as the writer has done?
2. The transition from high school to college can be difficult for some
young people. What are your difficulties and how are you going to
overcome (克服) them?
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4 Read Text A again and complete the following table.
Paragraph
1
Topic
Afraid of not
being able to
do well in my
studies
Topic Sentence
When I first entered
college as a freshman,
I was afraid that I was
not able to do well in
my studies.
Supporting Details
1. Afraid of being
_____________
off by myself
2. Surrounded by
people I didn’t
know and who
didn’t know me
3. Have to make
friends with them
and also compete
with them
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Paragraph
2
Topic
My life was
now up to me.
Topic Sentence
Supporting Details
1.Set_____________
a study program
I_______________
soon learned that 2.Regulate_________
my time
my
life was now
_______________
3. Decide when to go
up
to me.
_______________
to bed
4. Decide what to eat
and drink
5. Decide with whom
to be friendly
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Paragraph
3
Topic
Life was a bit
difficult.
Topic Sentence
At first, life was
_____________
a bit difficult.
_____________
Supporting Details
1. Made mistakes
_______________
in how I used
_______________
my time
2. Made some
in
mistakes _____
how I chose my
_______________
first friends in
_______________
college
_______________
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Paragraph
4
Topic
Had my life
___________
under
control
Topic Sentence
Shortly, however, I
had my life under
control.
Supporting Details
1. Went to class
_________
on time
2. Did my first
assignments and
handed them in
my
3. Passed _______
first exams
_____________
4. Made ________
a few
_____________
friends
5. Set up _______
a routine
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Paragraph
5
Topic
Look upon
___________
myself from a
___________
different
___________
perspective
Topic Sentence
Shortly, however,
I had my life
under control.
Supporting Details
1. Went to class
on time
_________
2. Did my first
assignments and
handed them in
3. Passed _______
my first
_____________
exams
4. Made ________
a few
_____________
friends
5. Set up _______
a routine
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Paragraph
6
Topic
Life in store
for me
Topic Sentence
But I know that I
would be able to
handle what was
ahead.
Supporting Details
Reason:____________
I had made the
__________________
transition from a person
__________________
dependent on my
__________________
family for emotional
__________________
support to a person
__________________
who was responsible
__________________
for myself.
Now retell the main idea of the passage by using the information in the
table you have completed.
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5 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where
necessary.
Comfortable
manage
succeed
enter
responsible
surround
fear
share
handle
shortly
however
smart
1. George is a ______boy; he is one of the best students in his class.
smart
2. You have to work hard if you want _________ in your courses.
succeed
3. _______ after you left, a girl came into our office looking for you.
Shortly
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4. At first, the course was a bit difficult for me but I _______ to pass the
final exam with a fairly good grade.
managed
5. Mary is my best friend and I always _______ my secrets（秘 密）with her.
share
6. The lost traveler was filled with _____ when he saw a bear（熊）running
toward him.
fear
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7. When you’re away from your family, you have to be ___________for
yourself.
responsible
8. At first, he was afraid of being off by himself. Shortly, __________, he
became used to living alone.
however
9. Children in China ______school at the age of 6 or 7 and must study
there for at least nine years.
enter
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10. The earth is ___________ by air, which makes up its atmosphere (大气
层).
surrounded
11. If you can’t _______ the job, I’ll get someone else to do it.
handle
12. John was so ________ and warm in bed that he didn’t want to get up.
comfortable
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6 Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms
where necessary.
as a result
keep up with
under control
at first
be up to
make friends with
grow up
set up
in addition
turn out
1. You can ask him for advice but the final choice ______ you.
is up to
2. Everything is developing（发展） so quickly in today s world that I am
afraid I can’t _________ all the changes.
keep up with
3. The brave sailors（海员）managed to keep their boat under control
during the storm.
under control
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4. If ________ you don’t succeed, try, try again.
at first
5. The boy said that he wanted to be a computer scientist（科学家） when
he ________ .
grew up
6. Today young people from different countries can easily ________________
one another through email.
make friends with
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7. Mark wanted to finish his homework in two hours, but it ____________
to be harder than he thought.
turned out
8. Tom fell and broke his leg. __________ , he would have to be away from
school for a month or two.
As a result
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9. A new school has been ________ there.
set up
10. _________, I have something else to do this weekend.
In addition
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7
Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese into
English.
Model:
I had to decide when to go to bed, when and what to eat,
when and what to drink, and with whom to be friendly.
to play the game
1. My friend told me how
___________________long
ago, but I have forgotten
it now. (如何玩这个游戏)
2. The taxi driver asked me ____________________.（
我要去什么地方）
where I wanted to go
3. Henry was not sure_______________________________.
whether they would accept him or not (他们会不会接
受他）
4. Tom always tells others ________________________，
but seldom
what to do and how to do it
does it himself. （做何事，如何做）
who(m) to
5. As a college student now, you have to know____________
love and who(m) not to
____________________.（
爱什么人，不爱什么人）
6. I am not certain when
________________________
he made that decision . （他什么时候作出那个决
定的）
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8 Study the following example. Then, with the verb provided translate each of
the sentences into English using the “V + Object + as” structure.
Model:
I began to see myself as a person responsible for myself and
responsible for my friends and family.
1. 我把李民看作我最好的朋友，我们有同样的爱好和兴趣。(see)
______________________________________________
I see Li Ming as my best friend. We share the same
______________________________________________
hobbies and interests.
2. 他们把数学老师视为他们最好的教师。(look upon)
_____________________________________________
They
looked upon their math teacher as their best
_____________________________________________
teacher.
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3. 我们把这地方视为我们的家。(think of)
_____________________________________________
We think of this place as our home.
4. 他们把自己的大学生活看作一生中最幸福的几年。(look on)
_____________________________________________
They
looked on their college life as their happiest years
_____________________________________________
in their life.
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9 Translate the following sentences into English.
1. 约翰既聪明又有责任心。他喜欢跟别人交朋友。
____________________________________________
John is both smart and responsible. He likes to make
____________________________________________
friends with other people.
2. 我已经决定竞争这个新岗位。你也可以竞争。你自己决定吧。
____________________________________________
I have made the decision to compete for the new post.
____________________________________________
You can compete for it, too.It’s up to you.
3. 医生来后不久就设法把我父亲的病控制住了。
Shortly after the doctor came, he managed to have my
____________________________________________
father’s illness under control.
____________________________________________
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4. 作为新生，我们大部分人都不知道等待着我们的大学生活会是怎
样的，但是我们都知道我们必须把学习搞好。
____________________________________________
As freshmen, most of us do not know what college life
____________________________________________
has in store for us, but we all know that we must do
____________________________________________
well in our studies.
5. 要在大学里取得成功，我们必须跟上其他的学生并且制定一个适
合我们需要的常规。
____________________________________________
To
succeed in college, we must keep up with the other
____________________________________________
students and set up a routine that meets our needs.
6. 虽然上星期的作业比我想象的难，我还是按时交上去了。
____________________________________________
Though the assignments last week turned out to be
____________________________________________
More difficult that I thought, I handed them in on time.
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Grammar Review
动词时态（Verb Tenses）(1)
The Simple Present Tense and the Simple Past Tense（一般现在时和一般过去时）
英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用不同的动词形式来表示。这种不同
的动词形式称作时态。动作发生或状态存在的时间有现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种，
而发生或存在的方式也有一般、进行、完成和完成进行四种。这样组合起来，英语就有16
种时态，其中最常用的是12种，其动词基本形式（以make为例）列表如下：
方式
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
时间
现 在
make
am
makes
is
are
have
making
have
made
has
been making
has
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方式
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
时间
过去
was
made
had
made
had been making
making
were
shall
将来
shall
make
will
shall
be making
will
have made
will
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方式
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
时间
should
过去将来
make
would
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一般现在时（The Simple Present Tense)
用
法
1. 表示经常发生的动作或
现在的存在状态
2. 表示客观事实或普遍真理
例
句
I usually get up at six in summer.
我夏天通常6点钟起床。
They are students of the Department of Computer
Science.
他们是计算机系的学生。
The earth moves around the sun.
地球绕着太阳运转。
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难朋友才是真朋友。
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用
法
3．表示主语的特征、性
格、能力等
4．在时间状语从句和条件
状语从句中表示将来
例
句
Some of my classmates speak English very well.
我的几个同学英语说得很好。
My brother is good with his hands.
我兄弟的手很灵巧。
It won’t be long before we meet again.
我们不久就会再见面的。
If you come tomorrow, I’ll go swimming with you.
如果你明天来，我就和你一起去游泳。
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一般过去时（The Simple Past Tense)
用
法
例
句
1. 表示过去某一时间的动
作或状态
When I first entered college as a freshman, I was
afraid that I was not able to do well in my studies.
作为一名一年级学生初进大学时，我担心自己学业上搞
不好。
At first, life was a bit difficult.
开始时，生活有点艰难。
2. 表示过去经常或反复发
生的动作或存在的状态
In the first month or two, I spent too much time making
friends.
在最初的一两个月里，我在交朋友上花的时间太多了。
When he was in high school, Tom often made his own
decisions.
在中学时，汤姆经常自己作决定。
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用
法
3.在主句用过去时态的时
间状语从句和条件状语
从句中表示将来
例
句
Mary said she would come if she had time.
玛丽说如果有时间她就会来。
He said he wanted to be a teacher when he graduated
from college.
他说大学毕业后他想当一名教师。
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10. Fill in the blanks with the given verbs in their proper tenses.
be can
feel have make manage meet set
Shortly, however, I (1)____
had my life under control. I (2) ________
managed to go
to class on time, do my first assignments and hand them in, and pass my
first exams with fairly good grades. In addition, I (3) ______
made a few friends
with whom I (4) _____
felt comfortable and with whom I (5) _____
could share my
fears. I (6) ____
was really my own — a routine that
set up a routine that (7) _____
(8) ____
met my needs.
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earn
be can
live
enjoy
get
go
like
live
feel have make manage meet set
run
train
want
watch
work
Joe Sutton is a professional boxer（职业拳击手）. He (1) ______
enjoys
his job. He (2) _____
____
works very hard and (3) _____
earns a lot of money. He (4) lives
in a small town but (5) _____
trains in London. He (6) ______
lives a very healthy life.
He (7) _____
goes to bed early, (8) ______
gets up early and (9) _____
runs twenty
kilometers every morning. His friends (10) ______all
his fights on TV.
watch
They (11) ____
like boxing and (12) _____
want Joe Sutton to be the world
champion（冠军）.
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Practical Writing
11. The following is part of a student registration form. Fill in the form with
the information given below in Chinese. Some parts have been done
for you.
王大海
女
现年17岁
河南省开封市人
生于1988年5月17日
联系地址：中国河南省开封市北京路68号（2008年6月30日前有效）
电话：86-378-6263693
传真：86-378-6263693
邮编: 475002
电子邮件地址：[email protected]
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Student Registration Form
PLEASE PRINT OR TYPE ALL INFORMATION
NAME
Last name (Family name)
WANG
First
DAHAI
Middle
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PRESENT MAILING ADDRESS
Street and number
No. 68 BEIJING ROAD
Good until: (Month-Day-Year)
06/30/2008
City
KAIFENG
State/Province（省）
Zip/Postal code（邮编）
HENAN
475002
Country (if not US)
CHINA
Telephone number (including area/country code)
E-mail address
wangdahai@ 163.com
Fax number (including area/country code) （传真号）
86-378-6263693
86-378-6263693
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□ Male（男）
Sex
Date of birth Month
说明：1.
2.
May
Day
□
√ Female（女）
1 7
Year
1 9 8 8
last name姓, first name名。
英语地址的习惯写法是“从小到大”：室/号→胡同/弄堂→街道/路→省/
市→国家。
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12. Fill in the following form with your own information.
Information Request Service
Complete this form NOW to get more information about the college and
departments that interest you.
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Your Details
Please complete in BLOCK CAPITALS and in English
Title (Dr, Mr, Miss, Mrs, Ms)
Nationality
First name
Home address
Last name
Date of birth
Telephone
E-mail address
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Text B
What I Hope to Gain from a College Education
CH
Alexis Walton
1 After graduation from high school, I plan to do several things. The
most important thing I plan to do is to go to college. N Other than a degree,
from a college education I plan to pursue higher learning, to begin a career,
and to make history in my family.
?
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Text B
CH
N
2
The first thing I hope to gain from a college education is higher learning.
Learning goes far beyond a high school education and is very necessary in
today’s society. It allows us to be familiar with our environment and
everyone in it, and it allows us to maintain assurance of ourselves. A lot of
us would be lost without any learning at all, and our world would be very
confused. N One must learn to do such things as applying math skills as well
as being responsible and independent. I know that a college education
would allow me to acquire these abilities.
?
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Text B
CH
3
Secondly, I hope to begin a career as a result of my college education.
As a college student, I plan to study chemical engineering. After taking all
the classes necessary for this major and completing them successfully, I
hope I’ll be able to begin a career as a chemical engineer.
?
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Text B
CH
4 N Making history in my family is yet another important thing I hope to
gain from my college education. N Neither of my parents graduated from
college, nor did any of my three brothers, but they did, however, graduate
from high school. Taking a look back has motivated me to reach farther. I
plan to make history in my family by being the first to get a college
education.
?
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Text B
CH
N
5
Pursuing higher learning, beginning a career, and making history in my
family are things I hope to gain from my college education. It is very
important that I accomplish these goals so that I will have continued success.
I know all of these things and many more are possible. If I believe it, then I
can achieve it.
?
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Title of Text B
What I Hope to Gain from a College Education:
In Text A, we learned that the word “what” can mean “the thing
that/which” or “the things that/which.”
gain /gen/: vt. get (sth. that one wants), esp. as a result of one’s
efforts; obtain; win 得到；获得
e.g.
Students gain useful knowledge by taking courses in school.
学生们在学校通过学习各门课程来获得有用的知识。
His ideas have gained a lot of support.
他的想法赢得了很多人的支持。
education /edju:5keEn/: n. training and teaching, esp. of
young people in
schools and colleges, etc. 教育
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1) What is the most important thing the writer wants to do after graduation
from high school?
The most important thing he wants to do is to go to college.
2) What are the goals the writer wants to achieve by going to college?
The goals are to pursue higher learning, begin a career, and make
history in his family.
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Chinese Version
我希望从大学教育中得到什么
亚历克西斯·沃尔顿
中学毕业后，我计划做几件事。我计划做的最重要的事就是上大学。除了获得一个
学位外，我还计划从大学教育中追求更高深的学识，开始一种职业生涯，并在我的家庭
中创造历史。
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Language Points
graduation /rd5en/: n. the successful completion of a course of
study at
a college or school （大学、中学等）毕业
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Language Points
plan /pln/: vt. make plans (to do sth.); intend 计划；打算
e.g.
Tom said he planned to talk to Mary tonight.
汤姆说他打算今晚与玛丽谈话。
They plan to leave Beijing at six in the evening.
他们计划今晚6点离开北京。
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Language Points
is to go to college:
动词be用作连系动词,后跟用作表语的不定式短语。
e.g.
The key is to know what to do next.
关键是要知道下一步该怎么办。
My goal is to be a teacher in the future.
我的目标是将来做一名教师。
go to college意为“上大学”, college前不用冠词。
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other than: apart from; except 除了
e.g.
Other than asking a few questions, I would also like to tell you how I feel about
the whole thing.
除了几个问题外，我还想告诉你我对整个事情的看法。
I don’t know any other American writers other than you.
除了你以外，我不认识别的美国作家。
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degree /d5gi:/: n.
1. the qualification students get when they successfully complete a university
or college course of study 学位
e.g.
My brother has a master’s degree from Harvard.
我哥哥有一个哈佛大学的硕士学位。
2. the amount or level of sth. 程度
e.g.
a high degree of skill 高度的技巧
I agree with you to a certain degree. 我在某种程度上同意你的意见。
3. a unit for measuring angles or temperature 度
e.g.
an angle of ninety degrees (90°) 90度角
The highest temperature yesterday was 10 degrees centigrade (10℃).
昨天的最高气温是摄氏10度。
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pursue /pE5sju:/: vt. do sth or try to achieve sth over a period of
time
追求；从事
e.g.
to pursue a goal
追求一个目标
She wishes to pursue a medical career.
她希望从事医学职业。
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career /kE5E/: n. a job or profession one chooses or does for the whole
or
part of one’s working life 职业；生涯
e.g.
a teaching career 教书生涯
a change of career 职业的改变
I have a great career. I teach high school English.
我有一份了不起的职业。我教中学英语。
She started her career as a teacher of English.
她当了一名英语教师，开始了她的职业生涯。
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make history: do sth. important that will be recorded and remembered
创造历史，做出值得纪念的事情
e.g.
Margaret Thatcher made history when she became British’s first female
Prime Minister.
玛格丽特·撒切尔成了英国第一位女首相，开创了历史新篇章。
Lindbergh made history when he flew across the Atlantic.
林德伯格飞越了大西洋，完成了一项名垂史册的壮举。
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3) Why does the writer think that higher learning is necessary in today’s
society?
Because higher learning allows us to be familiar with everything around
us and allows us to maintain assurance of ourselves.
4) What kind of ability does the writer hope to acquire from going to college?
He hopes to acquire the ability to do such things as applying math skills as
well as being responsible and independent.
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Chinese Version
我希望从大学教育中得到的第一样东西是更高深的知识。学习知识远远不止是获得
中学教育，它在今天的社会里是非常必要的。它让我们熟悉我们的环境和环境中的每一
个人，它让我们对自己保持自信。如果毫无知识，我们很多人就会迷失方向，我们的世
界就会非常混乱。一个人不仅要成为负责、独立的人，还必须学会做像运用数学技能这
样的事情。我知道大学教育就会让我获得这些能力。
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The first thing I hope to gain from a college education…
=The first thing that I hope to gain from a college education…
本句省略了定语从句中动词的宾语that。
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go beyond: exceed 超过
e.g.
Their relationship has gone beyond friendship.
他们的关系已超出了友谊的范围。
Most of the people did not run far. None of them went beyond 20 kilometers.
大多数人都没有跑远。没有一个人超过20公里。
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allow /E5l/: vt. permit (sb./sth.) to do sth. 允许；容许
e.g.
My parents wouldn’t allow me to go to the party.
我父母不许我去参加聚会。
Smoking is not allowed in the classroom.
教室里不准吸烟。
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familiar /E5lE/: a. (with) having a good knowledge of
sth.
熟悉的；通晓的
e.g.
Are you familiar with this type of machine?
你熟悉这种机器吗？
I’m not familiar with this kind of music.
我不熟悉这种音乐。
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environment /n5vEEnEnt/: n. 环境
e.g.
Young children feel happier in their home environment.
小孩子在家庭环境中觉得更开心。
We must do our best to protect the environment.
我们必须尽最大努力保护环境。
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maintain/en5ten/: vt. cause (sth.) to continue; keep (sth.) in
existence at
the same level, etc. 保持；维持
e.g.
She maintains a friendship with her college friend who lives in another city.
她跟住在另一个城市的大学朋友保持着友谊。
It is difficult to maintain one’s sense of humor every day.
每天都保持幽默感是很难的。
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assurance /E5EEns/: n. belief in your own abilities or strengths
把握；信心
e.g.
At the meeting, Jack talked about his plan with assurance.
杰克在会上充满自信地谈了他的计划。
As a new teacher, Mary does not have enough assurance in front of her class.
作为一名新教师，玛丽在全班学生面前信心不足。
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A lot of us would be lost without any learning at all:
In English, “be lost” means “not feel confident about what to do or how to
behave.”
e.g.
It’s quite usual to feel lost when you first start college.
刚开始念大学感到不知所措是常有的事。
We would be lost without her help. 没有她的帮助我们就会一筹莫展。
In this sentence, “would…without…” forms a subjunctive structure (虚拟结构),
meaning “if we did not have/take (any learning), we would…” (假如没有…则…),
e.g.
We could do nothing without John’s help.
如果没有约翰的帮助，我们就会一事无成。
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confused: a. unable to think clearly; puzzled; mixed up
弄糊涂的；困惑的；混乱的
e.g.
My father is old now. He gets quite confused sometimes and doesn’t even
know what day it is.
我父亲现在老了。他有时候会变得糊里糊涂，甚至连星期几都不知道。
confuse /kEn5ju:/: vt. make (sb.) unable to think clearly; puzzle;
put (sth.)
into disorder 把（某人）弄糊涂；使困惑；使混乱，搞乱
e.g.
I hope my answer didn’t confuse everybody.
我希望我的回答没有把大家都搞糊涂。
I always confuse Mary with her sister－they’re so alike.
我总是分不清玛丽和她妹妹——她们俩太像了。
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such things as: of the type that you are just going to mention 诸如…的事
e.g.
There is no such thing as a free lunch.
世上没有免费午餐这样的好事。
Such advice as he gave me was useless.
他给我的那种忠告是无用的。
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apply /E5pl/: vt. make practical use of (sth.) 应用；运用
e.g.
He wants a job in which he can apply his skill with foreign languages.
他想找份能用上他的外语技能的工作。
These ideas are often difficult to apply in practice.
这些想法往往难以在实践中运用。
apply math skills: The phrase “apply math skills” is used after the
preposition (介词), so the verb should take the v+ing form.
e.g.
In our college, students can enjoy such activities as dancing, swimming and
playing ball games.
在我们大学里，学生们可以享受跳舞、游泳和球类比赛这类活动的乐趣。
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skill /skl/: n. ability to do sth. well 技能；技艺；技巧
e.g.
Reading and writing are two different skills.
读和写是两种不同的技能。
Many jobs today require computer skills.
今天的许多工作都需要电脑技能。
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as well as: in addition to something or someone else 既…又；除…之外还
e.g.
They sell books as well as newspapers.
他们既卖报又卖书。
These college students give help and support to poor children in the
countryside, as well as teach them free of charge.
这些大学生除了免费教农村的穷孩子们读书外，还给他们以帮助和支持。
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independent /nd5pendEnt/: a. not dependent (on other
people or things)
独立的；自主的
e.g.
As my sons are becoming more independent, I have more time for myself.
随着我的儿子们越来越独立，我有了更多用于自己的时间。
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acquire /E5kwE/: vt. gain (sth.) by one’s own ability, efforts or behavior
(通过自己的能力或努力)获得；学到
e.g.
She has acquired a good knowledge of English.
她已学到了很好的英语知识。
It took him a long time to acquire the skills he needed to become a good
writer.
他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名好作家所需要的技能。
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ability /E5lEt/: n. skill, strength, etc. needed (to do sth.) 能力
e.g.
She had the ability to explain things clearly.
她有能力把事情解释得清清楚楚。
Our ability to think and speak makes us different from other animals.
我们能思维能讲话，这种能力使我们不同于其他动物。
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5) What does the writer plan to study and what career does he hope to follow?
He plans to study chemical engineering and he wants to be a chemical
engineer.
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Chinese Version
其次，我希望因为受了大学教育而开始一种职业生涯。作为一名大学生，我计划
学习化学工程。在学习这一专业所必需的所有课程并成功地完成它们之后，我希望能
开始作为一名化工工程师的职业生涯。
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secondly /5sekEndl/: ad. in the second place 第二；其次
e.g.
I do not like this computer because first of all, it’s expensive, and secondly,
it’s too slow.
我不喜欢这台电脑，因为第一，它很贵，第二，它运行很慢。
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as a result of: because of 作为…的结果；由于
e.g.
He was late as a result of the snow.
因为下雪，他来晚了。
About 2,500 people died as a result of the earthquake.
大约有2 500人因地震而死亡。
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chemical engineering: 化学工程(指学科)
chemical /5kekl/: a. of or relating to chemistry 化学的
engineering /end5nEN/: n. practical application of scientific
knowledge in the
planning and making of engines, machines, etc. 工程
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major /5edE/: n. principal subject or course of study at college or
university （大学生的）主修科目；专业
e.g.
Her major is English.
她的专业是英语。
What is your major, English or French?
你是学什么专业的，英语还是法语？
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complete /kE5pli:t/: vt. finish 完成
e.g.
She will complete her studies in the U.S. soon.
她很快将完成在美国的学业。
The building took two years to complete.
这幢大楼花了两年才建成。
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engineer /end5nE/: n. 工程师
e.g.
chief engineer 总工程师
electrical engineer 电气工程师
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6) What can be learned about the writer’s family from the text?
None in his family has ever received a college education.
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Chinese Version
在我的家庭中创造历史是我希望从大学教育中得到的又一样重要的东西。我的父母
都没有大学毕业，我的三个兄弟中也没有一个大学毕业生，但他们却都中学毕业了。回
顾过去激励着我走得更远。我希望成为第一个获得大学教育的人而在我的家庭中创造历
史。
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yet: used to add emphasis to words such as “another” and “again” 再，还，又
e.g.
This is yet another area rich in wild flowers.
这是又一个盛开野花的地区。
I have to ask you this question yet again.
我不得不再一次问你这个问题。
He’s given us yet more work to do.
他又给了我们更多的工作做。
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neither… nor…: used when mentioning two things that are not true or
possible …不…也不…
e.g.
Neither Mary’s mother nor her father spoke English.
玛丽的母亲和父亲都不讲英语。
I neither know nor care what has happened to him.
我既不知道也不关心他出了什么事。
注意：以nor引导的从句中，主语和谓语动词需倒装。
e.g.
Neither of my parents can speak English, nor can my brother.
我的父母都不会说英语，我哥哥也不会。
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graduate /5gdjet/: vi. complete a course of study for a degree or
diploma
毕业
e.g.
What are you going to do after you graduate?
你毕业后打算干什么？
We both graduated from the same high school in Guilin.
我们俩都毕业于桂林的同一所中学。
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taking a look back:
This phrase is used as the subject of the sentence, meaning “回顾”.
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motivate /5Etvet/: vt. stimulate the interest of (sb.); cause (sb.) to
want to
do sth. 激起（某人的）兴趣；激发（某人）做某事
e.g.
A good teacher has to be able to motivate her students.
一个好的教师必须能激发学生的兴趣。
They have worked out a plan to motivate the workers to work harder.
他们已经制定了一个激励工人更加努力工作的计划。
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reach farther: go farther, achieve more 走得更远，取得更大成就
The word “farther” is the comparative （比较级） of “far”.
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by being the first to get a college education:
The proposition “by” is used to show how something is done,
e.g.
They travelled across Europe by train/car.
他们乘火车/汽车游遍了欧洲。
He learned English by listening to the radio.
他听收音机学的英语。
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7) Why is it very important for him to accomplish his goals?
Because he believes by accomplishing these goals he will have
continued success.
8) Does the writer think it possible for him to achieve his goals?
Yes. He is sure he can accomplish his goals.
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Chinese Version
追求更深远的知识，开始职业生涯，在我家中创造历史，这些就是我希望从大学
教育中得到的东西。实现这些目标，从而使我不断地获得成功，这是非常重要的。我
知道这些事情和更多的事情都是可能实现的。只要我相信这一点，那我就能实现它。
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accomplish /E5kpl/: vt. complete (sth.) successfully;
achieve
完成；实现
e.g.
The students accomplished the task in less than ten minutes.
10分钟不到，学生们就完成了任务。
What do you hope to accomplish this year?
今年你希望有何建树？
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goal /gEl/: n. aim; purpose 目标；目的
e.g.
She has always wanted to have her own house, and now she has reached
her goal.
她一直想有一套自己的房子，现在她已实现了自己的目标。
They have set themselves a series of goals to achieve by the end of the
month.
他们已为自己确定了本月底要达到的一系列目标。
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so that: used to show the purpose of sth. 为的是，以便
e.g.
Please take this map so that you know how to get there tomorrow.
请拿好这张地图，这样明天你就知道如何到那里去了。
She worked hard so that everything would be ready in time.
她努力工作为的是及时做好一切准备。
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continued: a. going on without stopping 连续的；不停的
e.g.
Thank you for your continued support.
谢谢你不断的支持。
Do you know how much I have wished for your continued success?
你知道我是怎样一直在祝愿你不断取得成功吗？
continue /kEn5tnju:/: vi. keep on (doing sth.); not stop (doing sth.)
继续（做某事）；不停
e.g.
If he continues drinking like that, I’ll have to carry him home on my back.
如果他继续这样喝的话，我就只好把他背回家了。
The rain continued until the end of the month.
这雨一直下到月底才停。
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success /sEk5ses/: n. act or fact of succeeding 成功
e.g.
John’s new book was a great success.
约翰的新书大获成功。
I didn’t have much success finding a job.
我找工作不太成功。
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many more：= many more things
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achieve /E5ti:v/: vt. get or reach (sth.); complete (sth.) successfully
得到；达到；完成，实现
e.g.
Tom has finally achieved success.
汤姆终于获得了成功。
She eventually achieved her goal of becoming a teacher.
她最终实现了成为一名教师的目标。
I’ve achieved only half of what I want to do.
我希望做到的，我只完成了一半。
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Notes on the Text
Other than a degree, from a college education I plan to pursue higher
learning, to begin a career, and to make history in my family.
除了获得一个学位，我还计划从大学教育中追求更高深的知识，开始一种职业生涯，
并在我的家庭中创造历史。
higher learning 高等教育；大学水平的学识
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Notes on the Text
Learning goes far beyond a high school education and is very necessary
in today’s society.
知识远远不止是获得中学教育，知识在今天的社会是非常必要的。
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Notes on the Text
One must learn to do such things as applying math skills as well as being
responsible and independent.
一个人不仅要成为负责、独立的人，还必须学会做像应用数学技能这样的事情。
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Notes on the Text
Making history in my family is yet another important thing I hope to gain
from a college education.
在我的家庭中创造历史是我希望从大学教育中得到的又一样重要的东西。
yet与another连用表示“再、还、又”之意。又如：Play the tape yet another
time.把磁带再放一遍。（指第三遍以上）
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Notes on the Text
Neither of my parents graduated from college, nor did any of my three brothers,
but they did, however, graduate from high school.
我的父母都不是大学毕业生，我的三个兄弟也都不是大学毕业生，可是他们都是高中毕业
生。
在 … but they did, however, graduate from high school中，did表示强调。
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Notes on the Text
I know all of these things and many more are possible.
我知道所有这些事情和更多的事情都是可能实现的。
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Exercises
13 Answer the following questions.
1. What is the most important thing the writer wants to do after graduation
from high school?
2. What are the goals the writer wants to achieve by going to college?
3. Why does the writer think that higher learning is necessary in today’s society?
4. What kind of ability does the writer hope to acquire from going to college?
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5. What does the writer plan to study and what career does he hope to follow?
6. What can be learned about the writer’s family from the text?
7. Why is it very important for him to accomplish his goals?
8. Does the writer think it possible for him to achieve his goals?
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14 Fill in the following blanks with the words or expressions given below.
Change the form where necessary.
Accomplish
achieve
acquire
apply
complete
Environment
gain
graduate
plan
skill
1. Reading and writing are two different skills .
2. Knowledge（知识） is gained/acquired by learning and skill is gained
by practice.
3. John is planning to open a bookshop near our college this autumn.
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4. After graduation, Henry wants a job in which he can apply his math skills.
5. We often hear it said that the best way to acquire a foreign language is to
live in the country where it is spoken.
6. Formal education has several stages that follow one another. Usually
students need to complete one stage before they continue to the next.
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7. As a parent, Henry is trying to create ( 创 造 ) a happy home
environment for his children to grow up in.
8. He gained full marks in the English examination.
9. I hope to begin a career as an engineer after I graduate from this
college.
10. Alexis thinks he will be able to handle what is ahead of him
and achieve/accomplish his goals in life.
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15 Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where
necessary.
as a result of
as well as
make history
other than
be familiar with
such… as
go beyond
so that
1. Henry hurried out so that he could get to class in time.
2. What they were talking about went beyond my knowledge so I just
listened to them without saying anything.
3. As a result of the bad weather, I had to stay at home all day yesterday.
4. Are you familiar with the students in Class Two?
5. Alexis has made history in his family by being the first to get a college
education.
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6. A college education allows me to get a degree, but
other than that, it also allows me to be a responsible
and independent person.
7. In the first year at college, we take such courses as math, physics,
English and politics.
8. Mary works in a restaurant in the evenings as well as doing a full-time job
during the day.
PREV.
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Text C
CH
Devlin’s Advice（忠告）
Keith Delin
Dear New Student:
1 What awaits（等待） you in the coming years — your college years? And
what awaits you after your graduation from college?
2 For an entering college student, the likelihood（可能性） is that the job you
will be doing ten years from now does not yet exist（存在）. You will be doing
something that at present no one is doing, or hardly anyone.
3 How can you possibly prepare for such a future?
4 My strongest advice would be to value（珍视） the breadth（宽度，广度）
of the education available（可得到的） to you. The key to being successful in
the world of today or tomorrow is an ability to learn.
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Text C
戴弗林的忠告
基思·戴弗林
亲爱的新生：
接下来的几年——你读大学的几年——等待着你的是什么呢？你大学毕业后等待
着你的又是什么呢？
对于一个刚入学的大学生来说，你十年后在做的工作很可能现在还不存在。你将
要做的事情目前还没有人在做，或者几乎没有人在做。
那你怎么可能为这样的未来做准备呢？
我最强烈的忠告是要珍惜你所受教育的广度。在今天或明天的世界上取得成功的
关键是一种学习的能力。
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Text C
CH
5 At high school you had a teacher. But when you are out at work you will
probably（很可能） have to go it alone（自个儿干）. College is a half-way
house（中途歇脚的客栈；过渡场所）. The professors are there to help and
guide you. But as teachers, the most important thing they are trying to
“teach” you is how to learn. For example, your mathematics professor is not
there to teach you mathematics. He or she is there to show you how to learn
mathematics, and to help you in the process(过程). That’s a big difference
from high school.
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Text C
在中学里你有老师。但当你在以后工作时，你可能就要自个儿干了。大学则是两
者之间的一个过渡场所。教授在那儿帮助你、指引你。但是作为教师，他们试图“教”
你的最重要的东西是如何学习。例如，你的数学教授并不是在那儿教你数学。他/她在
那儿是通过示范告诉你如何学习数学，并在这一过程中帮助你。这跟中学大不一样。
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Text C
CH
6
My second piece of advice is to work hardest at those subjects（科目）
you don’t like or think you can never do. For many students, the subject that
they don’t like is mathematics. But for many career paths（道路）,
mathematics is what they need to know in order to be successful. For
construction（建筑） workers and engineers, geometry（几何学）is what
you need to know. For future teachers, it is statistics （统计学）that you
need to see if your tests are fair to your students. Even for someone who just
wants to be a stay-at-home mom, calculations(计算) are needed to keep a
household（家庭）. In fact, what I am saying applies to all of you when you
find yourself faced with any subject. Colleges and universities don’t have all
those graduation requirements（要求）in order to make you suffer.
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Text C
我的第二点忠告是对那些你不喜欢或你认为永远也学不好的科目要下最大的苦功。
对很多学生来说，他们不喜欢的科目是数学。但对很多职业道路来说，数学都是他们
取得成功所需要掌握的。对建筑工人和工程师来说，几何是你应该掌握的。对未来的
教师来说，为了判断你的测试对学生是否公平，你需要统计学。即使对某个只想待在
家里做妈妈的人来说，持家也需要进行计算。事实上，我说的这番话在你们面对任何
一门科目时对你们大家都适用。大学之所以规定所有那些毕业要求并不是为了让你们
受苦。
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Text C
CH
They are there to help you broaden（开阔） your mind, and to prepare
you to live your life to the fullest.
7 My final piece of advice is to enjoy your life at college. I often hear people
say that college is not the real world; that the purpose（目的） of your
college years is to prepare you for your life “in the real world” in the future.
That’s not right. You won’t stop living in the next few years. Your time at
college or university is not pre-life（为以后做准备的生活）. It’s several years
of your life. It is the “real world.” So enjoy your time as a student and live
your new “real life” to the full.
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Text C
它们是为了帮助你开阔视野，并使你们准备好最充分地度过一生。
我的最后一点忠告是享受你们在大学的生活。我常听到人们说，大学不是真实世
界，在大学读几年的目的是使你为未来“在真实世界”的生活做好准备。这话不对。
在以后几年中你不会停止生活。你在大学的时间并不是为以后做准备的生活。它是你
生活中的几年。它就是“真实世界”。所以就享受你作为一名学生的时间，充分地过
你的新的“真实生活”吧。
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Comprehension of the Text
16 Choose the best answer for each of the following multiple choice
questions.
1. The writer has written this letter to students who
have just____________________.
A) entered college
B) finished their college education
C) entered high school
D) finished their high school education
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2. What is the writer’s view about the jobs students of
today will do in the future?
A) There will not be enough jobs for everyone.
B) There will be too many jobs, but too few people to do
them.
C) Most of the jobs will be new to the students.
D) Most of the jobs will be too difficult for the students to
do.
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3. How many different pieces of advice has the writer
given to new students?
A) 2.
B) 3.
C) 4.
D) 5.
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4. According to the writer, which is the most important
advice for new students?
A) Learn how to learn.
B) Enjoy life at college.
C) Be interested in all subjects at college.
D) Go to class on time.
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5. A university professor is different from a high school teacher
in that ____________________.
A) he knows more about the subjects he teaches
B) he tries to help students learn by themselves
C) he likes mathematics more than high school teachers do
D) he enjoys teaching more than anyone else
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6. The reason why the writer talks about mathematics when
he gives his second piece of advice is that___________.
A) mathematics is far more useful than any other subject
B) mathematics is the most difficult to study
C) the writer himself is a teacher of mathematics
D) many students do not like mathematics at all
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7. In the sentence “Colleges and universities don’t have all
those graduation requirements in order to make you suffer,”
the word “suffer” means ______________.
A) get hurt
B) fall ill
C) work very hard
D) experience pain or difficulty
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8. The writer is against the view that “college is not the real
world” because__________________.
A) it is fun to be in college
B) nobody can enjoy college life to the full
C) college life is also part of students lives
D) college life is more or less the same as high school life
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Basic Reading Skills
Reading for the Main Idea: Topic Sentence (1)
英语段落的中心思想常用主题句表达。所谓主题句就是概括说明某一段落中心思
想的句子。因此，能迅速识别段落的主题句有助于读者很好地理解段落的中心思想。
主题句通常出现在段落的开头。如A篇课文的第二段：
I soon learned that my life was now up to me. I had to set a study
program if I were to succeed in my courses. I had to regulate the time I
spent studying and the time I spent socializing. I had to decide when to go
to bed, when and what to eat, when and what to drink, and with whom to
be friendly. These questions I had to answer for myself.
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At first, life was a bit difficult. I made mistakes in how I used my time. I
spent too much time making friends. I also made some mistakes in how I
chose my first friends in college.
这一段的第一句是主题句，说明一开始，并非一切顺利，生活有点困难。怎么个
困难法呢？后三句则做了具体说明。
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17 Read Text B again and identify the topic sentence of each paragraph.
1. After graduation from high school, I plan to do several things.
2. The first thing I hope to gain from a college education is higher learning.
3. Secondly, I hope to begin a career as a result of my college education.
4. Pursuing higher learning, beginning a career, and making history in my
family are things I hope to gain from my college education.
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