Transcript Chapter 10: Bandaging and Taping Techniques

Chapter 10: Bandaging and
Taping Techniques
© 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
• Routinely used various reasons
– Provide compression to minimize swelling
– Injury prevention
– Provide additional support to an injured structure
• Application requires skill
• While bandaging and taping skills are not difficult,
trained individuals with advanced experience
should perform taping/bandaging
• There are slight nuances to taping and variations
to numerous taping techniques
• Techniques may work better for one athlete vs.
another – adjustments can be made
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• Taping supplies are often expensive
and may not fit institution’s budget
• Tape application can be time
consuming
• Tape vs. Bracing – effectiveness in
providing support and preventing injury
• Should never be used as a substitute
for rehabilitation
– Must work to correct deficiency/weakness
and use tape/brace as an adjunct
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Elastic Bandages
• Applied for a variety of purposes
– Compression of acute injuries – limit swelling
– Secure dressing or ice pack
– Provide support to injured soft tissue structure
• Gauze, cotton cloth, elastic wrapping
• Length and width vary and are used
according to body part and size
• Sizes ranges 2, 3, 4, 6 inch width and 6 or
10 yard lengths
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Elastic Bandage Application
• Hold bandage in preferred hand with
loose end extending from bottom of roll
• Back surface of loose end should lay on
skin surface
• Pressure and tension should be
standardized
• Anchor is created by overlapping wrap
– Start anchor at smallest circumference of
limb
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• Body part should be wrapped in position
of maximum contraction
• More turns with moderate tension vs.
fewer turns with maximum tension
• Each turn should overlap by half to
prevent separation
• Begin distally and move proximally
• Circulation should be monitored when
limbs are wrapped
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Elastic bandages can be used to
provide support for a variety
scenarios:
• Ankle and foot spica
• Lower leg spiral
bandage (spica)
• Groin support
• Shoulder spica
• Elbow figure-eight
• Hand and wrist
figure-eight
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Ankle/Foot Spica
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Lower Leg Spiral Bandage and
Hip Spica
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Shoulder Spica
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Elbow Figure ‘8’
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Hand/Fingers Figure ‘8’
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Non-elastic White Tape
• Great adaptability due to:
– Uniform adhesive mass
– Adhering qualities
– Lightness
– Relative strength
• Help to hold dressings and provide
support and protection to injured areas
• Come in varied sizes (1”, 1 1/2” , 2”)
• When purchasing the following should
be considered:
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• Tape Grade
– Graded according to longitudinal and
vertical fibers per inch
– More costly (heavier) contains 85
horizontal and 65 vertical fibers
• Adhesive Properties
– Should adhere regularly and maintain
adhesion with perspiration
– Contain few skin irritants
– Be easily removable without leaving
adhesive residue and removing superficial
skin
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• Winding Tension
– Critically important
– If applied for protection tension must be
even
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Elastic Adhesive Tape
•
•
•
•
Used in combination with non-elastic tape
Good for small, angular parts due to elasticity.
Comes in a variety of widths (1”, 2”, 3”, 4”)
Allows for expansion of body parts
– Muscle during contraction, foot during WB
Storing Adhesive Tape
• Store in a cool place
• Stack so that the tape rests on its flat top or
bottom to avoid distortion of the roll
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Preparation for Taping
• Skin surface should be clean of oil,
perspiration and dirt
• Hair should be removed to prevent skin
irritation with tape removal
• Tape adherent is optional
• Foam and skin lubricant should be used
to minimize blisters
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© 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
• Tape directly to skin for maximum
support
• Prewrap (roll of thin foam) can be used
to protect skin in cases where tape is
used daily
• Prewrap should only be applied one
layer thick when taping and should be
anchored proximally and distally
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• Proper taping technique
– Tape width used dependent on area
– Acute angles = narrower tape
• Tearing tape
– Various techniques can be used but should
always allow athletic trainer to hold on to
roll of tape
– Do not bend, twist or wrinkle tape
– Tearing should result in straight edge with
no loose strands
– Some tapes may require cutting agents
© 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
© 2010 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Rules for Tape Application
• Tape in the position in which joint must
be stabilized
• Overlap the tape by half
• Avoid continuous taping
• Keep tape roll in hand whenever
possible
• Smooth and mold tape as it is laid down
on skin
• Allow tape to follow contours of the skin
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Rules for Tape Application
(cont.)
• Start taping with an anchor piece and
finish by applying a locking strip
• Where maximum support is desired,
tape directly to the skin
• Do not apply tape if skin is hot or cold
from treatments
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Removing Adhesive Tape
• Manual Removal
– Always pull tape in direct line with body (one
hand pulls tape while other hand presses skin
in opposite direction
• Use of scissors and cutters
– Be sure not to aggravate injured area with
cutting device
• Using “Tape Remover”
– Alcohol-based liquid useful for removing
adherent
– Works best when scrubbing with towel or cloth
– Wash tape remover off with soap and water
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• Waterproof tape
– Swimmer, diver, or waterpolo player might
require application of adhesive tape
– If waterproof tape is not available, duct
tape can be used as an effective substitute
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Common Taping Techniques
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Arch Taping
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Great Toe Taping
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Toes
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Closed Basket Weave Ankle
Taping
• Used for newly
sprained
ankles
• Also utilized
for chronically
weak ankles
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Achilles Tendon
(prevent Achilles over-stretching)
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Knee Taping
- Should never be
used as replacement
to rehabilitation
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Elbow
(Prevents elbow
hyperextension)
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Wrist
(Protects and stabilizes badly injured
wrist)
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Thumb
(Provide support
to musculature
and joint)
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