Transcript Document 7207020

Environment integration in EC
development co-operation
Approaches for the programming phase
Jean-Paul Ledant (HDE)
Help Desk Environment
[email protected]
www.environment-integration.org
The Help Desk Environment
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A team of 3 consultants (contract EC-Agreco/MDF):
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J. Palerm,
P. Brinn,
J.P. Ledant.
Role: providing methodological support (and training) to
EC staff and partners for environmental mainstreaming
in development co-operation.
Geographical area:
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Africa, Indian ocean
Asia, Pacific
Latin America, Caribbean
(not ENP countries!)
The overall objective:
Sustainable Development, through
Objectives
 Increased
human wellbeing (poverty alleviation)
 Development decoupled
from environmental
pressures
 Net accumulation of capital
including natural capital.
Indicators
HDI
HDI/CO2
HDI/footprint
Adjusted Net
Saving
The overall approach
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Environment integration is not a goal, but a means.
 The links between a development action and the
environment are reciprocal:
Project
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Impacts
Env.
Relevant decisions and actions are more important
than visibility and the use of environmental tools.
 The HDE proposes systematic environmental
integration in the operation cycle.
The main tools
for environmental integration
 Three
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Country Environmental Profile (CEP).
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA).
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).
 Other
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“environmental” tools
important tools
Problem Analysis and Logical Framework
Indicators
Evaluation criteria.
The Cycle of Operations
Programming
4. Evaluation
1. Identification
3. Implementation
2. Formulation
There are three approaches for the
steps after programming
Programming
Project
approach
Sector Wide
Approach
SPSP
MacroEconomic
Approach
GBS
So the environment should be integrated
in four “compartments”
Position of the 3 environmental tools
in the 4 compartments
CEP
Projects
EIA
Programming
SWAP
SEA
GBS
SEA
Programming (at country level)
Key Programming Paper: CSP-NIP.
Key Environmental Tool: CEP (Country
Environmental Profile).
Process:
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Prepare the CEP
Prepare the CSP
Programming Documents
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Country Strategy Paper (CSP)
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Analysis: Political, Economic, Social, Environmental
Policy agenda
Past and on-going co-operation
Response strategy
Annexes
National Indicative Programme (NIP)
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Indicative budget
Priorities and actions
Alignment and harmonisation
Annexes
Country Environmental Profile
Aims to identify and assess environmental
issues for consideration during the
preparation of a CSP:
• Identifies the main environmental challenges,
• Establishes the key linkages between the environment and the
economic/social situation,
• Revises national policies and institutions, as well as co-operation,
• Contributes to focusing dialogue with the country on areas of concern
including sustainable development,
• Provides baseline information and key recommendations for the CSP-NIP
• But not a technical thesis…
CEP Overall Structure
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2.
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Summary
State of the environment
Environmental policy, legislative and
institutional framework
EU and other donor cooperation from an
environmental perspective
Conclusions and recommendations
Appendices
The CEP and CSP-NIP (1)
CEP
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Summary
State of the environment
Environmental policy,
legislative and institutional
framework
EU and other donor
cooperation from an
environmental perspective
Conclusions and
recommendations
Annexes
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Country Strategy Paper
(CSP)
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Analysis- Political,
Economic, Social,
Environmental
Policy agenda
Past on-going co-operation
Response strategy
Annexes (incl. summary
CEP)
National Indicative
Programme (NIP)
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Indicative budget
Priorities and actions
Alignment and
harmonisation
Annexes
The CEP and CSP-NIP (2)
CEP
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Summary
State of the environment
Environmental policy,
legislative and
institutional framework
EU and other donor
cooperation from an
environmental
perspective
Conclusions and
recommendations
Appendices
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Country Strategy Paper
(CSP)
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Analysis- Political,
Economic, Social,
Environmental
Policy agenda
Past on-going co-operation
Response strategy
Annexes (incl. summary
CEP)
National Indicative
Programme (NIP)
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Indicative budget
Priorities and actions
Alignment and
harmonisation
Annexes
The CEP and CSP-NIP (3)
CEP
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Summary
State of the
environment
Environmental policy,
legislative and
institutional framework
EU and other donor
cooperation from an
environmental
perspective
Conclusions and
recommendations
Annexes
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Country Strategy Paper
(CSP)
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Analysis- Political,
Economic, Social,
Environmental
Policy agenda
Past on-going co-operation
Response strategy
Annexes (incl. summary
CEP)
National Indicative
Programme (NIP)
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Indicative budget
Priorities and actions
Alignment and
harmonisation
Annexes
Environmental integration in the
CSP-NIP
CEP
EC policy
Partner’s policy
Country analysis
CSP
NIP
Which
“environmental
integration
outcomes”?
Potential outcomes
(from environmental integration)
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Selection of focal areas
Selection of objectives addressing key issues for
sustainable development (including
environmental issues identified by the CEP)
 Selection of strategies and actions minimizing
adverse impacts and enhancing positive impacts
• Planning an SEA for the supported sector
policies/programmes
• Using additional opportunities for environmental integration
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Selection of relevant indicators.
Links between
those outcomes and the CEP
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Ideally the CEP should make recommendations
towards those potential outcomes.
 But the CEP should also be done at an early
stage, where key decisions are not taken.
Additional aspects, not foreseen in the CEP may
include:
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Using opportunities provided by the selected sector
and strategy;
Adapting the indicators.
In the new consensus on development
co-operation, there are 10 focal areas
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Governance, democracy, human rights and support to
economic or institutional reforms
Trade and regional integration
Infrastructure, communication and transport
Water and energy
Social cohesion and employment
Human development
Infrastructure and transport
Rural development, territorial planning, agriculture, food
security
Environment and sustainable management of natural
resources
Conflict prevention and state fragility
Examples of opportunities
for co-operation areas
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Governance and economic or institutional reforms:
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Trade and regional integration:
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Assessing the overall policy (through an SEA) before deciding to
build roads.
Rural development, food security:
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Health: living conditions, (equitable) use of biodiversity resources.
Education: Environmental education.
Infrastructure and transport
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Control of illegal trade of timber (FLEGT) and threatened species.
Human development:
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Environmental Fiscal Reforms.
Capacities and institutions for natural resource management.
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Protecting “ecosystem services”.
Environmental integration outcomes
Example 1
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Promotion of agriculture and fisheries
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Assessing impact of agriculture on the
environment
Use of water: efficient irrigation schemes
Sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources
Environmental integration outcomes
Example 2
 Focal
sector: education
• Promoting environmental education
 Focal
sector: trade and investment
• Ecolabelling and certification processes
• Improvement of environmental standards
• Energy efficiency and renewable technologies
 Focal
sector: law enforcement and justice
• Actions to fight illegal logging
The indicators
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Indicators are variables used to monitor the
achievement of an objective (expected result).
They depend thus on the objectives.
There should not be too many indicators.
For those reasons, adding “environmental
indicators” is not always recommended.
But we should avoid indicators having both a
positive (desirable) side and a negative
(undesirable) side.
The indicators
Ex: imported
agricultural inputs
Avoid ambiguous variables:
• selected because positively linked with
desired (socio-economic) aspects
• but also linked to undesirable
(environmental) aspects
Prefer:
Ex: less starving children
or
Ex: higher yields/unit of fertilizer
Programming at regional level
The same approach, but :
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RSP (replaces CSP)
RIP (replaces NIP)
REP (replaces CEP)
The current practice
 CEPs
are now systematically prepared
(very few in the previous generation of
CSP- 2002-2006 or 2003-2007).
 CSPs have now a section on the
environment (part of the country analysis).
 Effective environmental integration and
contribution to sustainable development
since to be enhanced.